Important Questions (2 mark): The Story of Palampur - Free MCQ Test

Bigha and guintha are local units used for measuring land area in villages.

These units are important for understanding land size in agricultural contexts. Here are some key points:

• Bigha and guintha are commonly used in rural areas.
• They help farmers and landowners assess their land holdings.
• These measurements can vary by region, but they are essential for local farming practices.

The farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh were the first to try out the modern farming methods in India.

The method used by them:

(i)They set up tubewells for irrigation.

(ii)They made use of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farming.

(iii)They made ploughing and harvesting easier by using tractors and threshers.

The method used by them:

(i)They set up tubewells for irrigation.

(ii)They made use of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farming.

(iii)They made ploughing and harvesting easier by using tractors and threshers.

Labour being the most abundant factor of production, it would be ideal if new ways of farming used much more labour. Unfortunately, such a thing has not happened. The use of labour on farms is limited. The labour, looking for opportunities is thus migrating to neighbouring villages, towns and cities. Some labour has entered the non-farm sector in the village.

Natural resources are materials from the Earth that are used to support life and meet people's needs. Any natural substance that humans use can be considered a natural resource. Oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone and sand are natural resources. Other natural resources are air, sunlight, soil and water.

Green Revolution in India was introduced in the 20th century during the decade’s of 1970s for adopting a new agricultural strategy. It changed India’s status from a food-deficient country into one of the world's leading agricultural nations.

Jowar is one of the important food and fodder cereal crops cultivated across India, Sorghum popularly known as “Jowar” in India. The advantage of this cereal crop is that it can be cultivated in both Kharif and Rabi season. Jowar is the 5th most important cereal crop in the world after rice, wheat, maize & barley. 

Non - Farming activities includes activities excluding agriculture. Some of the non - farming activities are:

Dairy - It is a common activity in many villages. People feed their buffaloes on various kinds of grass and Jowar and Bajra. Then the milk is sold in nearby villages and towns. It is alos transported to far away towns and cities.

Small - Scale Manufacturing - Unlike manufacturing that takes place in big factories in the towns and cities, small scale manufacturing involves very simple production methods.

Shops - People involved in Trade(shopkeepers) buy various goods from wholesale markets in the cities and sell them in the village. A few families whose house is near the bus stop set up small shops that sell eatables.

Transport - People with rickshaws, tongas, tractors, truks, bogey and bullock carts are the ones in the transport service and they transport goods and services from one place to another and in return get paid for it.

HYV seeds are the one which is prepared by many types of research to improve the yield of crops so they are developed in research institutes.

White revolution (Operation Flood),The revolution which aimed at milk production was started in 1970 .It's aim was to change india from a milk deficient nation to the largest producer of milk in the world.Amul is the company which intiated this journey.Dr vargeshe kurien is known as The fathere of white revolution.It had three phases:Phase I(1970-1980), Phase II(1981-1985) and Phase III (1985-1996).

An entrepreneur is a person who organises the other factors and undertakes the risks and uncertainties involved in the production. He hires the other three factors, brings them together, organises and coordinates them so as to earn maximum profit. For example, Mr. X who takes the risk of manufacturing television sets will be called an entrepreneur.

A farmer having 1 hectare of land for farming is called a subsistence farmer because 1 hectare of land is too less for even the sustenance of a small family.

Fixed Land for Cultivation

1. The main problem the farmers of this village face is land - land that can be brought under cultivation.
2. In the year 1960 waste land was brought under cultivation. Today there is no scope of bringing more land under the plough. So, the farmers of Palampur are left with only a fixed area for cultivation.

Surplus is the excessive amount of production produced by the farmers. Farmer’s excessive production is sold in the market and the profit is gained. This profit is called surplus.

The farmers use the surplus as capital for the next harvest. Small farmers such as Gobind’s son and Savita are poor and have little surplus wheat. They kept most of the share for their own family needs. Big farmers such as Tejpal Singh have a surplus and sell the surplus wheat in the market. A part of their earnings is saved in the bank and used for buying farm machines.

Mishrilal sells his jaggery to traders in Shahpur and not in his village because of the demand from other town. Trade takes place between the region of abundance and place of scarcity. It must have been remunerative or profitable for him to trade his jaggery to other nearby places than his own place where he might be having competition.

Dairy is a common activity in many families of Palampur. People feed their buffalos on various kinds of grass and the jowar and bajra that grows during the rainy season. The milk is sold in Raiganj, the nearby large village. Two traders from Shahpur town have set up collection cum chilling centres at Raiganj from where the milk is transported to far away towns and cities.

- The correct answer is A: less than 40%.
Of the total cultivated area in the country a little less than 40 per cent is irrigated even today. In the remaining areas, farming is largely dependent on rainfall.

Operation Flood was started by National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in 1970s. The objective of this programme was to create a nationwide milk grid. The result was that India became the largest producer of Milk and Milk Products. Operation flood is called White Revolution of India.

Green Revolution is associated with agricultural production. It is the period when agriculture of the country was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and techniques like the use of high yielding variety seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers.

In Palampur village, the small farmers used to borrow the money from the traders, big farmers or moneylenders to arrange the capital that is used for the cultivation.

They need to face a lot of problems but they work on their land to give back the money and stabilize their condition as far as it possible.

Working Capital means day to day expenses like wages, salary to the employees etc.

The hectare (symbol ha) is an SI accepted metric system unit of area equal to 100 ares (10,000 m²) and primarily used in the measurement of land as a metric replacement for the imperial acre.^[1] An acre is about 0.405 hectare and one hectare contains about 2.47 acres.

Medium and large farmers obtain capital for farming from their own savings or take loan from the bank.

Small farmers on other hand do not have sufficient funds. They borrow from large farmers on the village money lenders or the traders who supply various inputs for cultivation. The interest on such loans is very high. The small farmers are put to great distress to repay the loan.

Yield is the term used to determine the crop produced on a given piece of land during a single year .

Gram:

It is most important among the pulses and covers about one-third of the area. Gram is a rabi crop and needs almost the same conditions as wheat. It is sown between September and November and is harvested between February and April. It is generally cultivated in combination with wheat.