Olympiad Test Level 2: Introduction to Internet - 1 - Class 3 MCQ

The TV channels use satellites to transmit their programs with the help of computers. This process involves the following steps:
1. Live Telecasts: TV channels have the capability to broadcast live events such as music concerts or cricket matches in real-time.
2. Transmission Technology: To transmit these live telecasts, TV channels use various technologies, one of which is satellite transmission.
3. Satellites: Satellites are placed in geostationary orbit around the Earth, enabling them to stay fixed at a specific position relative to the Earth's surface. These satellites act as relay stations in the sky, receiving broadcast signals from the TV stations and retransmitting them to the viewers' homes.
4. Transmitting Signals: TV channels transmit their programs in the form of signals that are received by the satellites. The signals are then amplified and retransmitted back to Earth.
5. Receiving Stations: Viewers receive the transmitted signals through their TV antennas or satellite dishes. These receiving stations capture the signals and convert them into audio and video signals that can be displayed on the viewers' TV screens.
6. Computers: Computers play a crucial role in the transmission process. TV channels use computers to encode and compress the audio and video signals before transmitting them to the satellites. Computers also aid in the decoding and decompressing of the signals at the receiving end.
7. Advantages of Satellite Transmission: The use of satellites for transmission offers several advantages, such as widespread coverage, high-quality signals, and the ability to reach remote areas where traditional wired transmission may be impractical.
In conclusion, TV channels use satellites to transmit live telecasts of music concerts or cricket matches with the help of computers. This technology enables viewers to watch these events in real-time from the comfort of their homes.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, and it is a fundamental concept in web technology. It is the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web. Here is a detailed explanation of what a URL is and how it works:
Definition:
A URL is a specific character string that provides a way to locate and access resources on the internet. It serves as a unique identifier for a web resource and helps browsers and servers communicate with each other.
Components of a URL:
A URL consists of several components that provide specific information about the resource it points to. These components include:
1. Protocol: The protocol specifies the rules and procedures for communication between the client (browser) and the server. Examples of protocols include HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, etc.
2. Domain: The domain identifies the specific website or server where the resource is hosted. It is typically represented by a domain name, such as "example.com", which is converted to an IP address through the Domain Name System (DNS).
3. Path: The path refers to the specific location or directory on the server where the resource is located. It helps identify the exact file or page within a website.
4. Query Parameters: Query parameters are optional components that allow additional information to be passed to the server. They are often used for dynamic content generation or to pass data between the client and server.
5. Fragment Identifier: The fragment identifier is an optional component that points to a specific section or anchor within a webpage. It is preceded by a "#" symbol and is used to navigate to a specific part of a page.
Example:
Here is an example of a URL: "https://www.example.com/index.html?id=123#section1"
- Protocol: HTTPS
- Domain: www.example.com
- Path: /index.html
- Query Parameters: id=123
- Fragment Identifier: section1
Functionality and Importance:
URLs play a crucial role in web browsing and information retrieval. They allow users to access specific web resources by simply clicking on a link or entering the URL in a browser's address bar. URLs are also essential for search engines to index and rank web pages, making them discoverable to users.
In conclusion, a URL is the global address of documents and resources on the World Wide Web. It consists of various components that provide specific information about the location and access of a web resource. Understanding URLs is essential for navigating the internet and accessing the vast amount of information available online.

An email address is made up of three parts:

• The first part of an email address is the username.
• An “at,” or “@,” symbol is the second part of an email address.
• The third part of an email address is the domain, which can be broken down into two portions: the mail server and the top-level domain.

The answer is B: search engine.
A search engine is a program that searches for web documents with specific keywords. It is designed to help users find information on the internet by indexing web pages and providing relevant search results. Here is a detailed explanation:
What is a search engine?
- A search engine is an online tool or program that allows users to search for information on the internet.
- It uses algorithms and technology to search and retrieve relevant web documents based on the keywords entered by the user.
How does a search engine work?
- Crawling: Search engines continuously crawl the web to discover and index web pages. They use automated bots called spiders or crawlers to follow links and gather information from web pages.
- Indexing: Once a web page is crawled, the search engine stores the information in its index, which is a database of web pages and their content.
- Ranking: When a user enters a search query, the search engine retrieves relevant web pages from its index and ranks them based on various factors like relevance, quality, and popularity.
- Displaying results: The search engine then displays the search results page, listing web pages that match the user's query. The results are usually presented in a ranked order, with the most relevant pages appearing first.
Examples of popular search engines:
- Google: Google is the most widely used search engine, known for its comprehensive index and sophisticated algorithms.
- Bing: Bing is Microsoft's search engine, which provides search results similar to Google.
- Yahoo: Yahoo is a search engine that also offers various online services like email and news.
Benefits of search engines:
- Easy access to information: Search engines make it convenient for users to find information on any topic quickly and easily.
- Wide range of results: Search engines provide a vast array of web pages, images, videos, news articles, and other types of information.
- Advanced search features: Search engines offer advanced search options like filtering results by date, language, location, and more.
- Constantly updated: Search engines continuously crawl and index new content, ensuring that the search results are up-to-date.
In conclusion, a search engine is a program that searches for web documents with specific keywords. It plays a crucial role in helping users find information on the internet efficiently.

Accessing information on the World Wide Web
To access information available on the World Wide Web, you can use the following options:
Option A:
- Image of a laptop with a web browser interface
- This option represents the use of a web browser to access the web
- Web browsers such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, and Microsoft Edge are commonly used to access websites and web pages
Option B:
- Image of a smartphone with a web browser interface
- This option represents the use of a web browser on a mobile device to access the web
- Mobile web browsers, such as Chrome for Android and Safari for iOS, allow users to browse websites and access web content on their smartphones or tablets
Option C:
- Image of a search engine interface
- This option represents the use of a search engine to find and access information on the web
- Search engines like Google, Bing, and Yahoo enable users to enter search queries and retrieve relevant web pages and resources
Option D:
- Statement "Both (a) and (b)"
- This option suggests that both the use of a web browser on a computer/laptop and a web browser on a smartphone can be used to access information on the World Wide Web
Answer: Option D (Both (a) and (b))

To connect with your brother who lives outside India, you can use the following devices:
A: Smartphone: A smartphone with internet connectivity can be used to connect with your brother. You can make a video call or send messages through various communication apps like WhatsApp, Skype, or FaceTime.
B: Laptop/Computer: A laptop or computer with a webcam and microphone can also be used to connect with your brother. You can use video calling platforms like Zoom, Google Meet, or Microsoft Teams to have a face-to-face conversation.
C: Both a and b: Both a smartphone and a laptop/computer can be used to connect with your brother. Depending on the availability and convenience, you can choose either device to reach out to him.
Using any of these devices, you can congratulate your brother on his exam success and have a conversation with him, even though he is living outside India.

• A webpage is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers.
• Each websites on the internet contains a homepage, which gets displayed when you open the site for the first time.
• A graphical user interface that is used to access a website is called web browser.
• Some popular web browser are :  Internet Explorer, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari, and Opera, etc.