Mock Test - 5 - ACT MCQ

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (4) Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (5) Which of the following sentences in this paragraph is LEAST relevant to the purpose of describing the narrator’s actions and, therefore, could be deleted?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (6)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (7)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (8)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (9)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (10)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (11)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (12) Which of the following true statements, if added at the beginning of this paragraph would most effectively introduce readers to the information presented in the paragraph?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. Given that all the choices are true, which one provides information that is most relevant at this point in the essay?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. (14)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Lil’ Lou
The old cedar chest hadn’t been opened nor its contents examined in years, maybe even a decade or more. My grandmother had asked me to help her sort through some of her old belongings, giving me a rare opportunity to hear some of her stories from long ago and, consequently, revealing my own personal history. Grandma had been widowed long ago, and I knew very little about my grandfather other than what a wonderful man he had been.
This was the recurring description of my (1) grandfather whenever his name was mentioned to anyone l who had known him: the person would slowly move his lowered head from side to side and softly mutter, “A wonderful man ... he was a wonderful man.”
1. That afternoon, I found myself standing in front of the chest with my grandmother by my side.
2. Grandma had been putting off opening the chest, (2) which was sure to be an emotional experience.
3. She knew better than anyone else that vast memories were stored in this (3) treasure, trove, and the mere opening of its lid would stir up a flood of happiness and grief, spinning and growing like a hurricane out of control.
4. (4) Truth be told, the kind of help my grandmother needed when opening the chest was more likely emotional than physical.
5. I was ready and eager, and with my help as a buffer, Grandma was ready, too. (5)
The moment the air hit the (6) wooden box interior, a strong waft of cedar scent made its way to our noses. My grandmother (7) having explained that the source of this forest-like aroma made it possible for the artifacts inside the chest to remain intact, with no moth holes or tattered fabric. Sure enough, as my grandmother lifted the first item out of its tomb, I could see that the garment was very old, but at the same time it appeared very new. It was my grandfather’s wool flying jacket from World War II. Grandma hugged it to her chest for several moments before holding it out in front of her, as if she could see my grandfather wearing it. I simply sat and watched, waiting for her to tell me about it and about him.
Grandpa had been a pilot during the (8) war, flying what was known as a Stinson L-5 Sentinel. (9) Besides, when Grandpa first decided to fly, his dream had been to man bomber planes; he desperately wanted to be on the frontline of the air defense. After taking the appropriate instruction, he was removed from the bombing corps because of his imperfect eyesight, and his dream was shattered. For Grandma, this was her dream come true; Grandpa’s chances of returning home safely to his (10) new wife, and, daughter were much higher io with (11) their new designation as a liaison pilot. (12)
As my grandmother told my grandfather’s story, she mindlessly examined his jacket, putting her hand down one sleeve, turning to see its back, and sticking her fingers into each lined pocket. Tucked into the breast pocket of my grandfather’s heavy flight jacket was a small black and white photo. It was my grandfather standing in front of his (13) large plane, his “Lil’ Lou,” which was painted on the plane’s nose, along with a happy little pink rabbit with a bright orange carrot. I knew instantly that the L-5’s nickname was a loving reference to my grandmother, (14) whose given name was Louise.

Q. Question asks about the preceding passage as a whole.
Suppose the writer’s goal had been to write a brief essay on the historical significance of air support in World War II. Would this essay successfully accomplish this goal?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (1) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (2)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (3) If the writer were to delete the phrase “With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season” from the preceding sentence, the paragraph would primarily lose:

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (4)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (5) Given that all the choices are true, which one provides the best transition by providing specific information?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (6)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (7)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (8)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (9)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (10) Given that all the choices are true, which one concludes this paragraph with a point most consistent with other points made in this paragraph?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (11)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (12)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (13) The writer is considering revising the phrase “which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich” in the preceding sentence to read:
which tomatoes should be prepared or cooked in a salsa or sauce and which should be left in their natural raw state, but sliced in a salad or sandwich.

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. (14)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Fruit of the Vine
It is difficult to imagine a human diet without tomatoes in some form, whether a fresh tomato right off the vine or in a spaghetti sauce over pasta. (1) Having become a staple of the American kitchen, tomatoes are even when out of season and of inferior quality.
During the growing season, tomatoes of every variety abound in (2) grocery stores, roadside stands, and even on tables in front of peoples’ homes. With tomatoes so readily available during the growing season, it’s easy to run out of things to do with them.  (3) Luckily, there are (4) some plenty ways to use and enjoy this surplus of fresh tomatoes. (5) While all are delicious, recipes for using fresh tomatoes range from a basic tomato salad (sliced tomatoes with oil and vinegar) to complicated sauces
requiring hours to simmer and stew. Many cooks prefer to peel and deseed the (6) tomatoes, while using them in a cooking recipe. Peeling can be (7) easily accomplished by first scoring one end of the tomato with a sharp knife, making a small crosshatch, and then dropping the fruit into boiling water for approximately 30 seconds. (8) Whomever chooses this method should be careful not to splash the hot water when placing the tomato into the pot. After the time is up, the cook can use tongs to remove the tomato from the boiling water and set it (9) aside. Waiting until it is cool enough to handle. The skin can then be easily removed with a sharp kitchen knife, and the tomato’s seeds can be collected in a strainer. This is an important step, (10) as the tomato may still be very hot.
Even green tomatoes harvested before the first frost can be ripened indoors or used in a green tomato (11) recipe, green tomatoes placed on a kitchen shelf will ripen nicely in just a short amount of time. Once a tomato is (12) a bright red color, it can be used for cooking or stored for later use. A fresh tomato won’t last long, even in the refrigerator, so it’s best to decide early on which tomatoes should become salsa or sauce and which should be served raw in a salad or sandwich. (13)
There is truly only one way to eat a fresh tomato and experience its ultimate taste. Go into a garden, pluck a tomato off the vine, brush off any dirt, and then eat it like an apple. The Italians may have rejected the tomato when it was first introduced to their diets, believing it to be poisonous, but it certainly didn’t take (14) one long to incorporate this delicious fruit into nearly every homemade dish. Biting into a freshly picked, red tomato irrefutably explains why.

Q. Question asks about the preceding passage as a whole.
Suppose the writer’s goal had been to describe the many ways tomatoes can be used in modern cuisine.
Does this essay successfully accomplish this goal?