Mock Test - 9 - ACT MCQ

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (4)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (5)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (6) Which of the following sentences, if inserted here, would be the best example of how yellow fever seemed to be spread differently than other communicable diseases?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (7)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (8)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (9) The writer wants to emphasize how quickly yellow fever was infecting the troops in the Spanish American War. Which choice does that best?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (10)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (11)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (12)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (13)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (14) Which choice, assuming they are all true, would most logically introduce the final paragraph?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
Walter Reed’s Medical Breakthrough
Just over 100 years ago, one of the most important medical (1) discoveries, in modern times relieved the suffering and saved the lives of untold thousands. This major breakthrough was the identification of the cause and spread of the disease yellow fever. For several centuries, yellow fever (2) was a scourge upon societies in various parts of the world, striking towns and killing thousands of people.
(3) Thanks to the efforts of Major Walter Reed and many courageous volunteers, the mechanisms for contracting and spreading yellow fever were uncovered.
During Reed’s lifetime, it was (4) a common acceptance that yellow fever was spread by contact with infected (5) items; such as the clothing or blankets of a person with yellow fever. Some doctors, however, questioned this notion, as the spread of yellow fever was not consistent with the spread of other communicable diseases. (6)
Doubts about the accepted (7) theory’s of the fever’s spread prompted the U.S. Army to assign Reed and several doctors to the problem. They studied yellow fever in Cuba, where (8) they were infecting soldiers fighting in the Spanish American War at (9) a discouraging rate. Acting on a hunch, several doctors volunteered to be bitten by mosquitoes; the volunteers developed yellow fever. This was enough information to spur General Reed to conduct more comprehensive (10) experiments, so helping his cause. American and Spanish soldiers were paid to participate in these experiments, but some participants wanted only to advance science and refused the money.
The experiments began with the construction of a building in which men who did not have yellow fever were housed. These men were placed in contact with clothing that (11) have been worn by yellow fever victims. Not one of it these men contracted the (12) fever. A second building was constructed with two sides separated by a screen. An infected volunteer lived on one side, and more volunteers lived on the other side, where they were completely protected from mosquitoes. This experiment was (13) repeatable many times, and the volunteers who were protected from mosquitoes never contracted the fever.
(14) As a result of his findings and of the bravery of the volunteers, measures were taken to control the mosquito population and to keep the insects away from people. Eventually a vaccine was developed, (15) which reduced further the outbreaks of yellow fever incidences.

Q. (15)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (1)

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (2) Which of the choices would be most appropriate here?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (3) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (4) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (5) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (6) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (7) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (8) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (9) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (10) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (11) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (12) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (13) 

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (14) Which of the following offers the best introduction to Paragraph 4?

Directions: In the passages that follow, some words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In the answer column, you will find alternatives for the words and phrases that are underlined. If you think that the original version is best, choose “NO CHANGE,”. You will also find questions about a particular section of the passage, or about the entire passage. These questions will be identified either by an underlined portion or by a number in a box. Look for the answer that clearly expresses the idea, is consistent with the style and tone of the passage, and makes the correct use of standard written English. Read the passage through once before answering the questions. For some questions, you should read beyond the indicated portion before you answer.

Passage
The Giant Panda
1. The Giant Panda is one of the best-known and most adored animals in the world. It is a very rare creature and is protected by law in (1) it’s native China, where it lives in the bamboo forests and on the mountain slopes. (2) At one time, Giant Pandas lived at lower altitudes, but farming and land development (3) will have pushed the animals high into the mountains. We really know very little about how wild Pandas live, since so few people have seen them in their natural habitat.
2. In fact, Giant Pandas (4) are by, nature extremely solitary animals, usually avoiding direct contact with other animals and even going out of their way to avoid other Giant Pandas. In (5) there dense habitat, the black and white coat of the Giant Pandas may help make them more conspicuous to each other, which keeps them from (6) encroaching on their neighbor’s territory. Even in captivity where there may be as many as ten to twelve of the animals occupying the same caged area, rarely will you see them play with or acknowledge each other. They will find an unoccupied place in the area and (7) sit down. Content to munch on bamboo or other food items, seemingly totally oblivious of each other. However, at crucial stages in their lives, Giant Pandas must give up being loners for a short time. In the spring, males and females must seek each other out in order to mate.
3. Giant Pandas are known to begin mating when they reach (8) an age of about six years of age. Mating usually takes place sometime between the months of (9) March, and May. During this brief courtship period, Giant Pandas are highly vocal animals. The males (10) bark, and roar as they try  to intimidate each other. The female (11) in a tree perches while the male remains on the ground fending off any (12) potentially rivals. Female Giant Pandas give birth between 95 and 160 days after mating. Their cubs are born in dens that (13) they dig in the ground.
4. (14) Therefore, the Giant Panda is always a favorite at any zoo fortunate enough to have one. Its furry white and black body makes the Giant Panda appear cuddly and soft. It has a large, round head and a white face with black patches around the eyes. Giant Pandas have very thick, oily, woolly fur (15) that kept them warm in their natural cold, wet mountain habitat. Their fur is composed of two types of hairs: the top layer contains long, thick, coarse hairs, and a shorter, fine, dense, waterproof fur lies beneath. While Giant Panda cubs weigh just a few ounces when they are born, an adult Giant Panda can weigh 200 to 300 pounds and stand five to six feet tall.

Q. (15)