BPSC Practice Test- 9 - BPSC (Bihar) MCQ

He is a fast bowler of South Africa
ICC T20 WORLD cup 
2024 - HOST  - US/ West Indeis
2026 -  HOST  - India, Srilanka
2028 - HOST  - Australia , New Zealand 
2030 - HOST  -  England , Ireland, Scotland 
50 OVER
202 - INDIA 
2027 - South Africa , Zimbabwe, Namibia 
2031 - India and Bangladesh
Champions Trophy
2025 - Pakistan 
2029 - India 

• More recently, two adult, one-horned rhinos have been shifted from Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary to Manas National Park.
• The one horned rhinoceros or the Indian rhinoceros is classified as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
• It has been included in Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

 National Parks in Assam

• Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park.
• Kaziranga National Park.
• Pobitora and Manas National Park.

Schedule I:

• It covers endangered species that need rigorous protection. 
• The species are granted protection from poaching, killing, trading etc.
• A person is liable to the harshest penalties for violation of the law under this Schedule.

• Ravi Mittal took over the charge as the Chairman of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) on 9 February 2022.
• The post of the Chairman was vacant when the first Chairman of the IBBI, MS Sahoo completed his five year term on 30 September 2021.

• Former Japan Prime Minister Shinzo Abe was conferred with the Netaji Award 2022 by Netaji Research Bureau, Kolkata. 
• Consul General of Japan in Kolkata Nakamura Yutaka received the honour on behalf of Mr. Abe at a function at the Elgin Road residence of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose on his 125th birth anniversary.
• In January 2021, Government of India bestowed the country’s second-highest civilian honour “Padma Vibhushan” on former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.

• The Annamayya Project is built on the Cheyyeru river which is a tributary of  the Pennar river.
• The Cheyyeru project comprising the 409 metre long Annamayya earthen dam that provides irrigation facilities to its catchment zone is on this river in the Rajampet mandal of Kadapa district.
• Recently there was flooding in the region after heavy rain caused a breach in the dam .

Swarnamukhi river:

• Swarnamukhi is an east-flowing river having a total length of 130 km. It rises at an elevation of 300 m in the eastern Ghats ranges near Pakala village in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh.

• It   is an annual  competition between golf teams  from  the United States  and  Europe .
• The United States team defeated the European team 19–9 to win the Ryder Cup.
• This is the biggest victory margin since 1967.

Additional Information:

• The Ryder Cup, a golf team competition, 2021 (43rd edition) was held at Haven, Wisconsin, United States from 24-26 September 2021.
• American players  won  8 out of 12 singles matches .
• The captain of the American golf team was Steve Stricker.
• Padraig Harrington was the captain of the European golf team.

On August 02, 2021, Uttarakhand Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami duly launched the 'Mukhyamantri Vatsalya Yojana'for the destitute children during the Covid-19 period.
Important facts:-

• In a program organized at the Janta Darshan Hall located at the Chief Minister's residence, the Chief Minister transferred an assistance amount of Rs 3,000 to the bank accounts of the children identified in the scheme by DBT.
• Under this scheme, financial assistance of Rs 3 thousand per month has been allowed to the children covered from July 01, 2021, till the age of 21 years. Along with this, arrangements for free ration, free education are also being made for them.
• The DMs of the districts will protect the property of these children. Uttarakhand is the first state to introduce five percent horizontal reservation in jobs for orphans. The government will also focus on the skill development of these children.
• MIS portal is being made for the operation of 'Mukhyamantri Vatsalya Yojana',in which the details of all the children will be filled online by the districts.

Static aspects:-
Madhya Pradesh:-

• Madhya Pradesh meaning “Central Province” is a state in central India. Nicknamed the “Heart of India” due to its geographical location, Madhya Pradesh is the second largest Indian state by area.
• Dewas is famous for Bank Note Press.
• Madhya Pradesh has the only working diamond mine in India.

Waterfalls:-

• Dhuandhar Jabalpur, 
• Bee fall, 
• Patalpani

National Parks:-    

• Bandhavgarh National Park & Tiger Reserve
• Kanha National Park & Tiger Reserve
• Satpura National Park & Tiger Reserve
• Sanjay National Park & Tiger Reserve
• Madhav National Park
• Panna National Park & Tiger Reserve
• Pench National Park & Tiger Reserve

HARYANA:-

• Haryana came into existence on 1st November 1966.
• Haryana is a state in Northern India. 
• The state shares its boundaries with Rajasthan in the south and west, Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in the north, and the territory of Delhi in the east.
• The word “Haryana” literary means “the Forest Land of Hari.”
• Chandigarh is common capital to Haryana and Punjab.
• Surajkund International Crafts Mela (Faridabad)- is the largest crafts fair in the world.

National Parks:-

• Sultanpur National Park
• Kalesar National Park

Wildlife Sanctuaries:-    

• Abubshehar  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Bhindawas  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Bir Shikargarh  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Chinchilla  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Kalesar  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Khaparwas  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Morni Hills (Khol-Hi-Raritan) Wildlife Sanctuary
• Nahar  Wildlife Sanctuary

West Central Railway Zone of Indian Railways has become the first fully Electrified Railway Zone in the country.

• The railway line of 3012 km falling under the zone has been electrified.
  

• Vaidehi Dongre of Michigan has won the title of Miss India USA 2021.
• Runner-up - Arshi Lalani (Georgia)
• Miss India USA is a   beauty pageant for young women of Indian descent who are residents of the United States.

Most of India's exports are to America.
Important facts:-

• Bilateral trade between the US and India stood at US$ 88.75 billion in the year 2019-20.
• Estimated exports (goods and services) from India in April-March 2020-21 at US$ 493.19 billion.
• The 'India-US Clean Energy Agenda 2030' partnership was launched at the Leaders Climate Summit 2021.
• India's largest import :- China > America > UAE > Hong Kong.
• India's largest export :- America > China > UAE > Hong Kong.

Current aspects 2022:-

• COP26 was the 26th UN Climate change conference held in Glasgow, the United Kingdom in 2021. 
• The COP26 summit brought parties together to accelerate action toward the goals of the Paris Agreement and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

India's 5 point pledge or Panchamrit:-

• Net-zero by 2070
• To increase its non-fossil fuel energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030.
• Increase the share of renewables in the energy mix to 50% by 2030.
• Reduce the emissions intensity of its economy by 45%.
• Reduce emissions by 1 billion tonnes of CO₂.

• The symbol Hg comes from the name hydrargyrum, which means "water-silver" The name mercury comes from the Roman god Mercury, known for his swiftness.
• Mercury is the only metal that is a liquid at standard temperature and pressure.
• The only other liquid element under standard conditions is bromine (a halogen), although the metals rubidium, cesium, and gallium melt at a temperature just above room temperature.
• Mercury has a very high surface tension, so it forms rounded beads of liquid.
• Mercury is a shiny, silvery, liquid metal, sometimes called quicksilver.
• Element Symbol: Hg
• Atomic number: 80
• State of Matter: Liquid
• Classification: Transition Metal or Post-Transition Metal
• Although mercury and all its compounds are known to be highly toxic, it was considered therapeutic throughout much of history.

Uses of Hg-

• Mercury is used in fluorescent lamps, thermometers, float valves, dental amalgams, in medicine, for the production of other chemicals, and to make liquid mirrors.
• Mercury(II) fulminate is an explosive used as a primer in firearms. 
• The disinfectant mercury compound thimerosal is an organomercury compound found in vaccines, tattoo inks, contact lens solutions, and cosmetics. 

Magnesium is the constituent metal of chlorophyll.
IMPORTANT FACTS -

• Chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment that is involved in absorbing electromagnetic radiation and aids in the conversion of light energy to chemical energy.
• Chlorophyll is a green compound found in leaves and green stems of plants.
• Chlorophyll consists of two forms, a and b. In both cases the magnesium atom is central in the molecule.
• Due to the green color of chlorophyll, it has many uses as dyes and pigments. It is used in colouring soaps, oils, waxes and confectionary.
• Chlorophyll mostly absorbs the blue portion of the electromagnetic radiation with some radiation from the red portion. It doesn’t, however, absorbs the green portions and instead reflects it, producing the characteristic green color.

Calcium Carbide is the most commonly used chemical for the ripening mangoes in India.
IMPORTANT FACTS
Calcium carbide

• It liberates a gas called acetylene (C₂H₂) which helps in ripening the fruit.
• It is used as a reducing agent, and in steel manufacturing and metal cutting. 
• Chemical formula – CaC2
• To remove sulfur from iron, it is used. Removing sulfur from any material is known as desulphurization.
• Calcium Carbide is used in carbide lamps. It was used as automobile headlights in the early days.
• It is used as a ripening agent like ethylene.
• Calcium Carbide is also used as a deoxidizer i.e., during the manufacturing of steel, it helps to remove oxygen.

Widal test is a serological test that is accomplished for the analysis of typhoid fever. This test identifies the ''0 ''and '' H'' antigen of Salmonella typhi.
Historical background-

• In 1896 and named after its creator, Georges-Fernand Widal, is a backhanded agglutination test for enteric fever or undulant fever whereby microbes causing typhoid fever are blended in with a serum containing explicit antibodies acquired from a contaminated person.
• Typhoid fever, likewise referred to just as typhoid, is a bacterial disease because of a particular kind of Salmonella that causes manifestations.
• In instances of Salmonella contamination, it is a show of the presence of O-soma bogus positive outcome.
• The conventional Widal test- estimates antibodies against flagellar (H) and physical (O) antigens of the causative living being.
• In intense disease, O neutralizer shows up first, rising logically, later falling and frequently vanishing inside a couple of months.
• H immune response seems somewhat later however perseveres for more. Ascending or high O immunizer titer for the most part demonstrates intense contamination, though raised H neutralizer assists with recognizing the sort of enteric fever.

The primary rule of Widal-

• the test is that if the homologous immune response is available in patients serum, it will respond with individual antigen in the reagent and gives noticeable bunching on the test card and agglutination in the cylinder.
• The antigens utilized in the test are "H" and "O" antigens of Salmonella Typhi and "H" antigen of S.

Mechanisms of this test-

• the serum is blended in with a dead bacterial suspension of salmonella having explicit antigens on it.
• On the off chance that the patient's serum is conveying antibodies against those antigens, at that point they get connected to them framing clustering which shows the energy of the test.
• In the event that agglutination doesn't happen, at that point the test is negative.

Important things-

• Widal test is a type of agglutination reaction and works on the principle of Antigen-Antibody interaction.
• The primary rule of the Widal test is that if the homologous immune response is available in patient serum, it will respond with individual antigen in the reagent and gives noticeable bunching on the test card and agglutination in the cylinder.

Zirconium is not a radioactive element
IMPORTANT FACTS -
Radioactive elements :

• Radioactive elements are the elements containing unstable atoms that emit ionizing radiation as it decays.
• Example: Uranium, Polonium, Radium, thorium
• Uranium is a radioactive element that can be found in soil, air, water, rocks, plants and food. Uranium decays or breaks down very slowly into other elements including radium and radon.
• Radium is a radioactive metal that can be found at varying levels throughout Vermont and the entire Earth—in soil, water, rocks, plants and food.
• Thorium is a weakly radioactive metallic chemical element with the symbol Th and atomic number 90.

• Blood plasma is the liquid component of whole blood and makes up approximately 55% of the total blood volume. It is composed primarily of water with small amounts of minerals, salts, ions, nutrients, and proteins in solution. In whole blood, red blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets are suspended within the plasma.
• Blood is a constantly circulating fluid providing the body with nutrition, oxygen, and waste removal. Blood is mostly liquid, with numerous cells and proteins suspended in it, making blood "thicker" than pure water.
• The average person has about 5 liters (more than a gallon) of blood.
• A liquid called plasma makes up about half of the content of the blood.
• Plasma contains proteins that help the blood to clot, transport substances through the blood, and perform other functions.
• Blood plasma also contains glucose and other dissolved nutrients.

About half of blood volume is composed of blood cells:

• Red blood cells, which carry oxygen to the tissues
• White blood cells, which fight infections
• Platelets, smaller cells that help the blood to clot
  • Blood is conducted through blood vessels (arteries and veins).
  • Blood is prevented from clotting in the blood vessels by their smoothness, and the finely tuned balance of clotting factors.

Blood type: 

• A test for compatibility before receiving a blood transfusion. The major blood types (A, B, AB, and O) are determined by the protein markers (antigens) present on the surface of red blood cells.

Blood Imbalance conditions

• Hemorrhage (bleeding): Blood leaking out of blood vessels may be obvious, as from a wound penetrating the skin. Internal bleeding (such as into the intestines, or after a car accident) may not be immediately apparent.
• Hematoma: A collection of blood inside the body tissues. Internal bleeding often causes a hematoma.
• Leukemia: A form of blood cancer, in which white blood cells multiply abnormally and circulate through the blood. The abnormal white blood cells make getting sick from infections easier than normal.
• Multiple myeloma: A form of blood cancer of plasma cells similar to leukemia. Anemia, kidney failure and high blood calcium levels are common in multiple myeloma.
• Lymphoma: A form of blood cancer, in which white blood cells multiply abnormally inside lymph nodes and other tissues. The enlarging tissues, and disruption of blood's functions, can eventually cause organ failure.
• Anemia: An abnormally low number of red blood cells in the blood. Fatigue and breathlessness can result, although anemia often causes no noticeable symptoms.

• Fuels are materials that react with other substances to release heat by way of chemical or nuclear energy-
• Substances that react with other proximate substances to release energy, through the process of combustion, are known as chemical fuels.
• These are divided both by their physical properties (as a solid, liquid, or gas), and by how they occur (as a primary or natural fuel, or as a secondary or artificial fuel).
• Substances that can release nuclear energy by fission or fusion, are known as nuclear fuels.
• Humans first used wood as a fuel for combustion nearly 2 million years ago. The most common fuel sources today are hydrocarbons.

Solid fuel-

• Solid materials can be used as fuel to burn and release energy through combustion, which provides heat and light.

The most common examples of solid fuels are:

• Wood: Includes firewood, charcoal, woodchips, pellets, sawdust, and so on.
• Charcoal- produced by heating wood in the absence of oxygen.
• Biomass- Natural plant materials, such as wheat, straw and other fibrous material.
• Peat- Organic matter and decayed vegetation that can be burned when dry.
• Coal- Combustible sedimentary rock.
• Coke- High-carbon material derived from coal.
• Waste- Everyday waste can be converted to a fuel source as long as it does not contain toxic materials.

Liquid fuel-

• Liquids can be used to create mechanical energy, although it is the fumes rather than the fluid of liquid fuels that are flammable. Fossil fuels account for the majority of liquid fuels.

Petroleums-

• The most common type of liquid fuel is petroleum, formed from dead plants and animals. Examples of petroleum include-
• Gasoline/petrol- Produced by removing crude oil from petroleum and distilling it in refineries.
• Diesel- A mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons extracted from petroleum, and processed to reduce the sulphur level.
• Kerosene- Extracted from petroleum.

Natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas

• Natural gas can be compressed into a liquid and is much 'cleaner' than other hydrocarbon fuels. However, maintaining the fuel in a liquid state requires constant high pressure.
• Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a mixture of propane and butane and is more easily compressed than natural gas.

Biodiesel-

• This is a diesel fuel based on vegetable oil or animal fat, although it yields around 10% less energy than conventional diesel.

Alcohols-
The most common types of alcohol fuels are:

• Methanol- produced from methane, methanol is the lightest and simplest form of alcohol.
• Ethanol- Most commonly found in drinks, but can be combined with gasoline for use as a fuel.
• Butanol- Usually produced by fermenting biomass using bacteria, butanol has a high energy content.

Hydrogen-

• Liquefied hydrogen is commonly used as liquid rocket fuel. Large volumes of hydrogen are required for successful combustion.

Synfuels-

• ‘Hydrocarbon liquid fuels produced synthesizing hydrogen from water, carbon dioxide and electricity. They can be zero-carbon if the electricity input is zero-carbon and the CO2 from direct air capture.' 

Gaseous fuel-

• Gaseous fuels are distributed through pipes from point of origin to point of use, although some are liquefied for storage. Odorizers are often added to fuel gases so that they can be detected since an undetected build-up of gas can lead to an explosion.
• Natural gas (composed mainly of methane) is the most commonly used type, but there are numerous manufactured fuel gases, such as-
• Coal gas- Derived from coal.
• Water-gas- A mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced from synthetic gas.
• Syngas- Synthetic gas consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and often carbon dioxide.
• Biogas- A mixture of gases derived from organic matter breaking down in the absence of oxygen.
• Blast furnace gas- Derived from the manufacture of metallic iron in blast furnaces.

• The unit of X-rays is roentgen.
• The roentgen is a unit of radiation exposure in air.
• 1 R means the amount of X-rays or γ-radiation that is required to liberate positive and negative charges of one electrostatic unit of charge (esu) in 1 cm³ of dry air at standard temperature and pressure (STP).

IMPORTANT FACTS -
X-rays :

• X-rays cannot be deflected by electric field or magnetic field.
• They are propagated in straight lines with the velocity of light.
• X-rays have a high penetrating power.
• Photographic film is blackened by X-rays.
• Fluorescent materials glow when X-rays are directed at them.
• Photoelectric emission can be produced by X-rays.
• Ionization of a gas results when an X-ray beam is passed through it.
• X rays kill the diseased tissue of the body. Hence they are used to cure intractable skin diseases, malignant tumors etc.
• Because of high penetrating power they are used to investigate the structure of metals, and gas pockets causes of weakness in structure and to detect cracks and below holes in metal plates.
• They are of extensive use in surgery to detect fractures, foreign bodies, diseased organs etc.

Amoeba is a single-celled protozoan.

• False feet of Amoeba is known as pseudopodia.
• Amoeba is a single-celled eukaryotic organism.
• All the body functions are carried out by one cell.
• It has no shape.

A pseudopod  or  pseudopodia- is a temporary arm-like projection of a eukaryotic cell membrane that is developed in the direction of movement.
Filled with cytoplasm, pseudopodia primarily consist of actin filaments and may also contain microtubules and intermediate filaments.

• Amoeba uses pseudopodia for ingestion also. 
• Amoeba uses pseudopodia for locomotion also.
• Amoeba uses false feet for the capture of food and movement.

Functions of Amoeba-
Pseudopodia are the extensions of their cytoplasm which helps them to capture food and move.

• In the detection of food, they extend the false foot and surround the food molecule.
• This form a membrane-surrounded sac called a food vacuole around the food.
• The food is then processed by digestive enzymes inside the cell.
• Amoeba can move in all directions using these false feet.

The cell content/cytoplasm flows to the direction of travel as false feet. Pseudopodia get structural stability with the help of actin and myosin.
Morphologically, pseudopodia are classified into four types-

• Filopodia (thin and thread-like),
• Lobopodia (finger-shaped),
• Reticulopodia (network like) and 
• Axopodia (supported by microtubules and used for ingestion of food)

Boiling point of heavy water is lower than that or ordinary water is not a property of heavy water.
IMPORTANT FACTS-

• Heavy water is water that contains heavy hydrogen - also known as deuterium (one of the isotopes of hydrogen) - in place of regular hydrogen.
• It can also be written as  D2O.
• Heavy water actually freezes at 3.8°C (39°F) rather than 0°C.
• The boiling point of heavy water is about 101.4°C.
• The density of heavy water is about 1.107 g/mL.
• Heavy water is a type of coolant.
• Heavy water is used as a  moderator in nuclear reactors.

• Pancreas acts both as an endocrine (ductless) and exocrine (with duct) gland.
• The pancreas is an organ that serves two vital purposes.
• It aids food digestion by producing enzyme-laden pancreatic juice and contributes to sugar metabolism by producing hormones like insulin and glucagon.
• A gland is an organ which produces and releases substances that perform a specific function in the body.

There are two types of Gland.

• Endocrine Glands are ductless glands and release the substances that they make (hormones) directly into the bloodstream. These glands form part of the endocrine system,
• Endocrine Glands, such as the pancreas and thyroid gland, use the bloodstream to monitor the body’s internal environment and to communicate with each other through substances called hormones, which are released into the bloodstream.
• There is another type of gland called an exocrine gland (e.g. sweat glands, lymph nodes). These are not considered part of the endocrine system as they do not produce hormones and they release their product through a duct.

Camphor is scientifically known as Cinnamomum Camphor.

• It is a combustible translucent white solid which has a piquant smell and sour taste.
• Camphor belongs to a group of organic compounds defined as terpenoid ketones.
• Potassium Chloride is an important metal halide. Which is an essential electrolyte source for our body.
• Each KCl molecule contains one potassium cation and one chloride anion.
• Camphor is a white waxy solid which melts about 178°C−179 °C. Whereas KCl is an odorless white crystalline solid with a melting point of 770 °C.
• Usually, we know that when we heat a solid they melt first to become a liquid. On further heating, the liquid boils and enters into the vapour phase. But some solid substances will directly change into gases from solid-state on heating.

For example camphor, Naphthalene substances are called sublime.

• So this process of conversion is known as sublimation.
• Sublimation occurs because we know that all substances are made of atoms and molecules. These particles are held together by a force of attraction. If the force of attraction between the particles is weak then the particles can separate easily.
• So in camphor, the molecules are held together by weaker force so they can simply evaporate on heating without melting.
• In camphor, the molecules are held together by weak attractive force, which means that even at moderate temperature the molecule of camphor can escape and spread everywhere.
• Here given is camphor and KCl mixture, in which camphor is a solid sublimate component and KCl is a non-sublimate component. To separate these mixtures we can use the sublimation process. The vapours of camphor can be collected and cooled down.

Note-

• The changing of solid directly into vapours on heating, and vapours directly into solid on cooling is called sublimation.
• The solid substance which undergoes sublimation is called sublime.
• And the solid substance obtained by cooling the vapor is known as sublimate.

• Bowman’s capsule is a part of the nephron that forms a cup-like sack surrounding the glomerulus. Bowman’s capsule encloses a space called “Bowman’s space,” which represents the beginning of the urinary space and is contiguous with the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron.
• Bowman’s capsule, Bowman’s space, and the glomerular capillary network and its supporting architecture can collectively be thought of as composing the glomerulus. There are an estimated 900000 glomeruli within the cortex of a mature human kidney.

Structure and Function

• In the kidney, the glomerulus represents the initial location of the renal filtration of blood.
• Blood enters the glomerulus through the afferent arteriole at the vascular pole, undergoes filtration in the glomerular capillaries, and exits the glomerulus through the efferent arteriole at the vascular pole.
• Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerular capillary loops and participates in the filtration of blood from the glomerular capillaries.
• Bowman’s capsule also has a structural function and creates a urinary space through which filtrate can enter the nephron and pass to the proximal convoluted tubule.
• The liquid and solutes of the blood must pass through multiple layers to move from the glomerular capillaries into Bowman’s space to ultimately become filtrate within the nephron’s lumen.

The relative strength of the magnetic field is shown by the degree of closeness of the field lines.
Magnetic Fields-

• There are two types of magnetic fields,
  • Natural and 
  • Artificial
• Naturally occuring magnetic fields are generated both by the spinning outer core of the Earth and by the alignment of crystals in magnetite.
• Artificial magnets can be created by causing the dipoles in metal to align, as well as by using electric current.

Magnetic field strength- also called magnetic intensity or magnetic field intensity, the part of the magnetic field in a material that arises from an external current and is not intrinsic to the material itself.
It is expressed as the vector H and is measured in unitsof amperes per metre.
H = B/μ − M
where B is the magnetic flux density, a measure of the actual magnetic field within a material considered as a concentration of magnetic field lines, orflux, per unit cross-sectional area; μ is the magnetic permeability; andM is the magnetization.

• The magnetic field H might be thought of as the magnetic field produced by the flow of current in wires and the magnetic field B as the total magnetic field including also the contribution M made by the magnetic properties of the materials in the field.
• When a current flows in a wire wrapped on a soft-iron cylinder, the magnetizing field H is quite weak, but the actual average magnetic field (B) within the iron may be thousands of times stronger because B is greatly enhanced by the alignment of the iron’s myriad tiny natural atomic magnets in the direction of the field.

Characteristics of magnetic field lines are-

• Magnetic lines of force start from the North Pole and end at the South Pole.
• They are continuous through the body of magnet
• Two magnetic lines of force cannot intersect each other.
• Right hand thumb rule determines the direction of the magnetic field associated with a current carrying conductor. It states that imagine that you are holding a current-carrying straight conductor in your right hand such that the thumb points towards the direction of current. Then your fingers will wrap around the conductor in the direction of the field lines of the magnetic field.

3 minutes 20 seconds in seconds = 3 × 60 + 20 = 200 seconds
2 minutes 30 second in seconds = 2 × 60 + 30 = 150 seconds
Telephone bill cost for 150 sec = Rs. 11
= Telephone bill cost for 1sec = 11/150
= Telephone bill cost for 200sec = (11/150)×200 = 14.667
Required cost is 14.7

Let n bricks can be painted out by the paint of the container.
Area of n bricks = 

n = 100
Therefore, 100 bricks can be painted out by the paint of the container.

Time Required by A alone to finish the work = 96/1 = 96 days

Let speed of the stream = y km/h
ATQ,

By option (c)
Speed of stream  y=10 km/h

verified option (c) 10 km/h