CTET (Central Teacher Eligibility Test) Paper 1 Mock Test - 10 Free Online

Dramatisation process is a great way of learning as it involves the students in the teaching learning method.

The word environment is derived from the French word “environner” which means to encircle or surround.

Key Points

Environmental Studies at the primary level possess some special characteristics that other subjects do not possess. It is somewhat different from other subjects in the following manner:

• EVS is a Composite Area: EVS at the primary stage is a single study area. It is visualized as a composite study area drawing learning experiences/contents from physical, biological, chemical, social, cultural, and other dimensions of study.
• EVS is Contextual: The context for EVS is the environment. EVS orients children to this. Since the environment differs from place to place, the examples, events, and practices used to teach environmental understanding will differ.
• EVS is Learner Centered: EVS is Learner-centred and not teacher-centered. It means that children’s learning forms the core of the classroom transaction rather than teaching.
• No Right, No Wrong: It is also important for a teacher to help your learners understand that there are no absolute ‘rights and wrongs’ in EVS and that an ‘action’ that seems very positive today may be discovered to be very environment-unfriendly in a different place, location, and context.
• ‘Values’ are an Integral Component of EVS: Respect for all life forms, appreciation of diversity (biological, social, cultural and religious, etc.), accepting differences, openness to multiple viewpoints, peace, compassion, tolerance, etc. are the values integral to EVS.

Hence, the environment is teacher-centered is a wrong statement.

Hurricanes occur in the Atlantic Ocean and Typhoons in the North-West Pacific Ocean. Cyclones mainly occur in the Indian Ocean region. Ring of Fire surrounds the Pacific Ocean, so option A is correct.

Environmental studies describe the interrelationships among organisms, the environment and all the factors, which influence life on earth, including atmospheric conditions, food chains, the water cycle, etc. It is a basic science about our earth and its daily activities, and therefore, this science is important for everyone.

Pedagogical principles in teaching-learning of EVS :

• Active participation of children is important in constructing knowledge. Opportunities should be given for observations using a variety of learning resources such as visits to parks, museums, water bodies, and various places in the community. If learning occurs beyond the walls of classrooms, the quality of learning is better.
• Efforts should be made by teachers to relate the child’s local knowledge to the school knowledge - this would discourage rote memorization and encourage developmentally age-appropriate learning in EVS.
• Children in early grades learn through a variety of ways, therefore opportunities should be given to explore, observe, draw, categorise, discuss/ speak, ask questions and enlist, etc. to develop various skills /processes.
• Pictures /illustrations play a very important role in EVS learning as these support the written material.
• Activities and questions play an important role as these provide opportunities for children to express themselves.
• Each child learns at his /her own pace. The challenge before the teacher is to handle multilevel groups so as to address the needs of children including the differently challenged group of children. Teachers should design activities for these children in such a manner so that they can be engaged meaningfully while doing activities with their peer group.
• Assessment for learning (formative assessment), should be used as an inbuilt part of the teaching-learning process so as to identify and address learning gaps in a timely manner.
• The real purpose of assessment of learning (summative assessment) is not to compare the progress of children but to track the progress of each child regularly. This assessment should be done periodically by using a variety of modes (not restricted to the written mode only).
• The teacher should maintain a portfolio of each child and this document should be used as an ‘assessment tool’ to know the progress of each child over a period of time.
• Teachers must understand that learning is a mutual process. Children learn from each other and a teacher also learns from children, particularly to understand their needs.
• EVS learning is also concerned with the inculcation of important values/ attitudes and appreciation. It fosters an appreciation of the interrelationship between all living organisms and their environments and encourages children to become active agents in the conservation of the environment.
• EVS learning cultivates respect for cultural diversity and sensitizes children regarding minorities and people with special needs. Prejudices and discrimination are challenged, while respect and mutual understanding are promoted.

Hence, we conclude that one of the important pedagogical principle of environmental studies is ​the use of the environment as a learning resource.

Campos grasslands are found in Brazil and Lanos in Venezuela. Velds are in South Africa and Downs are in Australia. Hence correct matching code is 4, 3, 1, 2.

Igloo entry door is very small, not wide, to block cold air. Animal skins are used mainly to keep warm, not for decoration. Eskimos live in igloos, so only III is correct.