A person cuts in line at the movie theater. We observe this action, and believe that the person cut in line because he or she is rude, disrespectful, and selfish. This is an example of:
John’s car breaks down in the middle of the highway. He believes that the breakdown of his car can be explained by the fact that his car is old. This is an example of:
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In one study, researchers compared attributions made by students from an individualist society (valuing individual achievement) and students from a collectivist society (valuing group welfare over individual interests). The researchers hypothesized that individualist cultures focus on the individual, and thus its members are predisposed to use dispositional attribution to explain behavior. The students were asked to assign responsibility for the outcomes of 8 different situations. If the findings were consistent with the hypothesis, which of the following study result is accurate?
At work, you witness an employee getting yelled at by the boss. In your mind you come up with at least three potential causes for the yelling: the boss’ (actor) bad temper, the laziness of the employee (object), and the especially hot and humid day (context or setting). This judgment process is referred to as:
An NBA basketball coach expects his rookie players to be unprepared for professional ball, so he does not play them often. When he does they are rusty and do not perform well. This is an example of:
Which of the following demonstrates a self-fulfilling prophecy?
“The labels we learn affect the ways we perceive people”. Such a statement is stressed by the following sociological approach:
In a survey of 1,500 adults, researchers found that the most commonly held belief was that people with mental health problems were dangerous. They also found that people believed that some mental health problems were self inflicted, and they found people with mental health problems hard to talk to. Such prejudiced attitudes are demonstrations of:
“What is beautiful is good”. This tendency for our liking of a beautiful person to influence our subsequent assessment of that person--therefore he/she must be good!--is called:
Two stories are told to an audience about an interaction between a man and woman. Both stories were exactly the same, except for the final outcome. In Story A, the woman is dumped by the man, and in Story B, the man proposes marriage. In Stories A and B, the audience directly linked the two different outcomes to the woman's good or bad actions. This is an example of: