Test: Psychology and Sociology - 8 - MCAT MCQ

Consciousness refers to the state of being aware of and able to think and perceive one's surroundings, thoughts, and feelings.

Dissociation is a psychological phenomenon where individuals experience a disconnection or detachment from their thoughts, memories, and identity. It can be a coping mechanism in response to psychological trauma.

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the unconscious mind contains repressed memories, desires, and impulses that are not directly accessible to conscious awareness.

Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or shallow breaths during sleep, leading to disruptions in sleep patterns and excessive daytime sleepiness.

REM (rapid eye movement) sleep is primarily associated with vivid dreaming. It is characterized by rapid eye movements and increased brain activity.

Alcohol is a depressant that slows down the activity of the central nervous system. It can lead to altered states of consciousness, such as impaired judgment and coordination.

Delta waves are the slowest brain waves and are associated with deep sleep. They have high amplitude and are typically observed during the deepest stages of non-REM sleep.

Marijuana is classified as a hallucinogen and can cause profound alterations in perception, mood, and thought processes.

Waking consciousness refers to the state of consciousness when an individual is awake and alert, aware of their surroundings and capable of thinking, perceiving, and interacting with the environment.

According to the activation-synthesis theory, dreams are the result of the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural activity that occurs during sleep.

Various factors, including hormonal fluctuations, genetic predisposition, and environmental stimuli, can influence an individual's level of consciousness.

Hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness that involves increased suggestibility and responsiveness to the hypnotist's suggestions. It is not a state of unconsciousness.

Sleep paralysis is a phenomenon characterized by temporary paralysis and the inability to move or speak when waking up or falling asleep. It is often accompanied by hallucinations and a sense of pressure on the chest.

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of sleep-wake cycles, mood, and arousal. Imbalances in serotonin levels can contribute to sleep disorders and mood disturbances.

The global workspace theory suggests that consciousness arises from the interaction of multiple brain regions and neural networks, where information is processed and integrated in a global workspace for conscious awareness.