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Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - MCAT MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 for MCAT 2024 is part of MCAT preparation. The Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 questions and answers have been prepared according to the MCAT exam syllabus.The Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 MCQs are made for MCAT 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 below.
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Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 1
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. According to the passage, some twentieth-century scholars have written at length about

Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 1

The passage mentions that twentieth-century scholars have written lengthy essays analyzing the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 2
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. The primary purpose of the passage is to

Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 2

The passage primarily aims to argue that some twentieth-century scholars have misapplied the concept of "poetic justice" when analyzing certain works of medieval and Elizabethan literature.

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Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 3
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. It can be inferred from the passage that the author consider Chaucer's Grisselda to be

Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 3

The passage describes Griselda in the Clerk's Tale as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This implies that the author considers her an innocent victim.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 4
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. The author's tone in her discussion of the conclusion's reached by the "school of twentieth-centuryscholars" (line 4) is best described as
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 4

The passage describes Griselda in the Clerk's Tale as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This implies that the author considers her an innocent victim.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 5
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes that most people respond to intendedinstances of poetic justice in medieval and Elizabethan literature with
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 5

The passage states that examples of poetic justice in medieval and Elizabethan literature are meant to evoke a sense of protest and sympathy in readers. Therefore, it can be inferred that the author believes most people respond to such instances with gratification.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 6
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. As described in the passage, the process by which some twentieth-century scholars havereached their conclusions about the blameworthiness of victims in medieval and Elizabethanliterary works is mot similar to which of the following?
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 6

The passage describes how some twentieth-century scholars have forced victimized characters into a moral framework by justifying the injustices inflicted upon them. This process can be compared to the establishment of a theory, applying the theory to data that may not fit well, and drawing unwarranted conclusions based on that data.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 7
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. The author's paraphrase of a statement by Samuel Johnson serves which of the following functionsin the passage?
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 7

The author paraphrases Samuel Johnson's statement to articulate a general conclusion about how readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, can best judge these works. The paraphrase supports the author's argument.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 8
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 8

The passage is primarily concerned with advocating an alternative interpretation of the concept of "poetic justice" in analyzing medieval and Elizabethan literary works. The author argues against the conclusions of some twentieth-century scholars and promotes a different perspective.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 9
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Directions: Passage For Question 1 to 9

Certain examples of poetic justice found in medieval and Elizabethan literature have inspired twentieth-century scholars to seek out additional instances. However, these scholars have merely imposed a moral framework on victimized characters, justifying the injustices inflicted upon them in one way or another. They deny the innocence of the sufferers in a tragedy and hold them responsible for their tragic fates. Any wrongdoing on the part of a character is enough to subject them to critical scrutiny. For instance, there are lengthy essays analyzing the wrongdoings of Webster's Duchess of Malfi, who defied her brothers, and the behavior of Shakespeare's Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.

Yet it is worth remembering that Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly objected to the unjustly severe punishments imposed on women for acts of disobedience, while men could commit similar acts with virtual impunity. Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Webster often enlist their readers to sympathize with their tragic heroines by portraying cruel injustices that evoke a sense of protest. Chaucer, in the Clerk's Tale, presents Griselda as a meek and gentle victim who does not criticize or rebel against her oppressive husband, Walter. This portrayal incites readers to support Griselda against Walter's tyranny. Thus, attempts to justify Walter's persecutions with historical and theological arguments contradict the intended effect on readers' sympathies in Chaucer's fable. Similarly, asserting that Webster's Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and bear their children aligns with her tyrannical brothers and confuses the concept of poetic justice, which readers should endorse, with social injustices that Webster clearly condemns. In fact, Webster depicts his heroine as a courageous leader in resistance against tyranny, inspiring the audience to join her in opposing the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers. In their own distinct ways, both Chaucer and Webster challenge injustice, advocate for the victims, and denounce the oppressors. The readers serve as a court of appeal for them, remaining free to render judgments based on evidence and common humanity. As the esteemed eighteenth-century scholar Samuel Johnson paraphrased, it is through the common sense and compassion of readers, uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, that these works, like any other literature, can be best evaluated.

Q. According to the passage, the "school of twentieth-century scholars" mentioned in line 4 has a tendency to:
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 9

The passage states that these scholars "forced victimized characters into a moral framework by which the injustices inflicted on them are, somehow or other, justified."

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 10
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Directions: Passage For Question 10 to 15

Woodrow Wilson referred to the liberal concept of the economic market and expressed the belief that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. According to Wilson, maximum freedom leads to maximum productivity, and the measure of our stability lies in our openness. This fascination with the ideal of maximum freedom has caused Americans to reject the traditional categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the desire to retain versus the desire to seize, and the defense or attack of the status quo. In the United States, there is no status quo ante; our only "station" is the constant turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. Our system is not based on property but on opportunity, which means it is rooted in mobility rather than stability. The more things change, the more rapidly the wheel turns, the more steadfast we become.

The conventional understanding of class politics consists of the Haves, who seek stability to preserve their possessions, and the Have-Nots, who desire a touch of instability and change to scramble for what they lack. However, Americans envision a condition where speculators, self-made individuals, and runners constantly seize the new opportunities provided by our land. These economic leaders, or front-runners, are seen as agents of change. On the other hand, those who are left behind, the nonstarters, seek stability and a strong referee to secure their position in the race, a regulating force to calm manic speculation, and an authority that can reset things from staggered starting lines. "Reform" in America has been ineffective because it can only imagine change through the extension of the metaphor of the race, including wider inclusion of competitors and giving a "piece of the action" to the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race, as our only stability comes from constant change.

According to the passage, the American legends do not honor the quiet work that fosters social interdependence and stability. There is no heroism attributed to office clerks or a stable industrial workforce, the people who actually make the system function. Being an employee is not a source of pride (Wilson called for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). Social workers are not praised or boasted about; they are viewed as a necessity. The empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, pushing us to try to forget or deny them, to distance ourselves. In this wonderland race we all must run, there is no honor, as everyone strives to win but no one ultimately succeeds because there is no end.

Q. According to the passage, "Old World" values were based on
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 10

The passage mentions that the "Old World" categories were based on settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, which implies a focus on property ownership.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 11
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Directions: Passage For Question 10 to 15

Woodrow Wilson referred to the liberal concept of the economic market and expressed the belief that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. According to Wilson, maximum freedom leads to maximum productivity, and the measure of our stability lies in our openness. This fascination with the ideal of maximum freedom has caused Americans to reject the traditional categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the desire to retain versus the desire to seize, and the defense or attack of the status quo. In the United States, there is no status quo ante; our only "station" is the constant turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. Our system is not based on property but on opportunity, which means it is rooted in mobility rather than stability. The more things change, the more rapidly the wheel turns, the more steadfast we become.

The conventional understanding of class politics consists of the Haves, who seek stability to preserve their possessions, and the Have-Nots, who desire a touch of instability and change to scramble for what they lack. However, Americans envision a condition where speculators, self-made individuals, and runners constantly seize the new opportunities provided by our land. These economic leaders, or front-runners, are seen as agents of change. On the other hand, those who are left behind, the nonstarters, seek stability and a strong referee to secure their position in the race, a regulating force to calm manic speculation, and an authority that can reset things from staggered starting lines. "Reform" in America has been ineffective because it can only imagine change through the extension of the metaphor of the race, including wider inclusion of competitors and giving a "piece of the action" to the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race, as our only stability comes from constant change.

According to the passage, the American legends do not honor the quiet work that fosters social interdependence and stability. There is no heroism attributed to office clerks or a stable industrial workforce, the people who actually make the system function. Being an employee is not a source of pride (Wilson called for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). Social workers are not praised or boasted about; they are viewed as a necessity. The empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, pushing us to try to forget or deny them, to distance ourselves. In this wonderland race we all must run, there is no honor, as everyone strives to win but no one ultimately succeeds because there is no end.

Q. In the context of the author's discussion of regulating change, which of the following could most probably be regarded as a "strong referee" (line 30) in the United States?
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 11

In the context of regulating change, a federal court judge is most likely to act as a "strong referee" who can ensure fairness and enforce regulations.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 12
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Directions: Passage For Question 10 to 15

Woodrow Wilson referred to the liberal concept of the economic market and expressed the belief that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. According to Wilson, maximum freedom leads to maximum productivity, and the measure of our stability lies in our openness. This fascination with the ideal of maximum freedom has caused Americans to reject the traditional categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the desire to retain versus the desire to seize, and the defense or attack of the status quo. In the United States, there is no status quo ante; our only "station" is the constant turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. Our system is not based on property but on opportunity, which means it is rooted in mobility rather than stability. The more things change, the more rapidly the wheel turns, the more steadfast we become.

The conventional understanding of class politics consists of the Haves, who seek stability to preserve their possessions, and the Have-Nots, who desire a touch of instability and change to scramble for what they lack. However, Americans envision a condition where speculators, self-made individuals, and runners constantly seize the new opportunities provided by our land. These economic leaders, or front-runners, are seen as agents of change. On the other hand, those who are left behind, the nonstarters, seek stability and a strong referee to secure their position in the race, a regulating force to calm manic speculation, and an authority that can reset things from staggered starting lines. "Reform" in America has been ineffective because it can only imagine change through the extension of the metaphor of the race, including wider inclusion of competitors and giving a "piece of the action" to the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race, as our only stability comes from constant change.

According to the passage, the American legends do not honor the quiet work that fosters social interdependence and stability. There is no heroism attributed to office clerks or a stable industrial workforce, the people who actually make the system function. Being an employee is not a source of pride (Wilson called for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). Social workers are not praised or boasted about; they are viewed as a necessity. The empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, pushing us to try to forget or deny them, to distance ourselves. In this wonderland race we all must run, there is no honor, as everyone strives to win but no one ultimately succeeds because there is no end.

Q. The author sets off the word "Reform" with quotation marks in order to
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 12

By using quotation marks around the word "Reform," the author indicates that reform in the United States has not been fundamental or transformative, as implied by the passage.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 13
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Directions: Passage For Question 10 to 15

Woodrow Wilson referred to the liberal concept of the economic market and expressed the belief that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. According to Wilson, maximum freedom leads to maximum productivity, and the measure of our stability lies in our openness. This fascination with the ideal of maximum freedom has caused Americans to reject the traditional categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the desire to retain versus the desire to seize, and the defense or attack of the status quo. In the United States, there is no status quo ante; our only "station" is the constant turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. Our system is not based on property but on opportunity, which means it is rooted in mobility rather than stability. The more things change, the more rapidly the wheel turns, the more steadfast we become.

The conventional understanding of class politics consists of the Haves, who seek stability to preserve their possessions, and the Have-Nots, who desire a touch of instability and change to scramble for what they lack. However, Americans envision a condition where speculators, self-made individuals, and runners constantly seize the new opportunities provided by our land. These economic leaders, or front-runners, are seen as agents of change. On the other hand, those who are left behind, the nonstarters, seek stability and a strong referee to secure their position in the race, a regulating force to calm manic speculation, and an authority that can reset things from staggered starting lines. "Reform" in America has been ineffective because it can only imagine change through the extension of the metaphor of the race, including wider inclusion of competitors and giving a "piece of the action" to the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race, as our only stability comes from constant change.

According to the passage, the American legends do not honor the quiet work that fosters social interdependence and stability. There is no heroism attributed to office clerks or a stable industrial workforce, the people who actually make the system function. Being an employee is not a source of pride (Wilson called for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). Social workers are not praised or boasted about; they are viewed as a necessity. The empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, pushing us to try to forget or deny them, to distance ourselves. In this wonderland race we all must run, there is no honor, as everyone strives to win but no one ultimately succeeds because there is no end.

Q. It can be inferred from the passage that the author most probably thinks that giving the disenfranchised "a piece of action" is
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 13

The passage suggests that the author views giving the disenfranchised "a piece of action" as an example of American resistance to profound social change, as it extends the metaphor of the race rather than fundamentally addressing social ills.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 14
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Directions: Passage For Question 10 to 15

Woodrow Wilson referred to the liberal concept of the economic market and expressed the belief that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. According to Wilson, maximum freedom leads to maximum productivity, and the measure of our stability lies in our openness. This fascination with the ideal of maximum freedom has caused Americans to reject the traditional categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the desire to retain versus the desire to seize, and the defense or attack of the status quo. In the United States, there is no status quo ante; our only "station" is the constant turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. Our system is not based on property but on opportunity, which means it is rooted in mobility rather than stability. The more things change, the more rapidly the wheel turns, the more steadfast we become.

The conventional understanding of class politics consists of the Haves, who seek stability to preserve their possessions, and the Have-Nots, who desire a touch of instability and change to scramble for what they lack. However, Americans envision a condition where speculators, self-made individuals, and runners constantly seize the new opportunities provided by our land. These economic leaders, or front-runners, are seen as agents of change. On the other hand, those who are left behind, the nonstarters, seek stability and a strong referee to secure their position in the race, a regulating force to calm manic speculation, and an authority that can reset things from staggered starting lines. "Reform" in America has been ineffective because it can only imagine change through the extension of the metaphor of the race, including wider inclusion of competitors and giving a "piece of the action" to the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race, as our only stability comes from constant change.

According to the passage, the American legends do not honor the quiet work that fosters social interdependence and stability. There is no heroism attributed to office clerks or a stable industrial workforce, the people who actually make the system function. Being an employee is not a source of pride (Wilson called for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). Social workers are not praised or boasted about; they are viewed as a necessity. The empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, pushing us to try to forget or deny them, to distance ourselves. In this wonderland race we all must run, there is no honor, as everyone strives to win but no one ultimately succeeds because there is no end.

Q. Which of the following metaphors could the author most appropriately use to summarize his own assessment of the American economic system?
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 14

The author's assessment of the American economic system, as implied in the passage, can be summarized using the metaphor of a "treadmill," suggesting a constant cycle of running in the race without reaching a definitive end.

Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 15
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Directions: Passage For Question 10 to 15

Woodrow Wilson referred to the liberal concept of the economic market and expressed the belief that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. According to Wilson, maximum freedom leads to maximum productivity, and the measure of our stability lies in our openness. This fascination with the ideal of maximum freedom has caused Americans to reject the traditional categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the desire to retain versus the desire to seize, and the defense or attack of the status quo. In the United States, there is no status quo ante; our only "station" is the constant turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. Our system is not based on property but on opportunity, which means it is rooted in mobility rather than stability. The more things change, the more rapidly the wheel turns, the more steadfast we become.

The conventional understanding of class politics consists of the Haves, who seek stability to preserve their possessions, and the Have-Nots, who desire a touch of instability and change to scramble for what they lack. However, Americans envision a condition where speculators, self-made individuals, and runners constantly seize the new opportunities provided by our land. These economic leaders, or front-runners, are seen as agents of change. On the other hand, those who are left behind, the nonstarters, seek stability and a strong referee to secure their position in the race, a regulating force to calm manic speculation, and an authority that can reset things from staggered starting lines. "Reform" in America has been ineffective because it can only imagine change through the extension of the metaphor of the race, including wider inclusion of competitors and giving a "piece of the action" to the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race, as our only stability comes from constant change.

According to the passage, the American legends do not honor the quiet work that fosters social interdependence and stability. There is no heroism attributed to office clerks or a stable industrial workforce, the people who actually make the system function. Being an employee is not a source of pride (Wilson called for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). Social workers are not praised or boasted about; they are viewed as a necessity. The empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, pushing us to try to forget or deny them, to distance ourselves. In this wonderland race we all must run, there is no honor, as everyone strives to win but no one ultimately succeeds because there is no end.

Q. It can be inferred from the passage that Woodrow Wilson's ideas about the economic market
Detailed Solution for Test: Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) - 5 - Question 15

The passage implies that Woodrow Wilson's ideas about the economic market perpetuated traditional legends about America rather than promoting the interests of those who "make the system work."

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