Test: Sodium Hydroxide - JAMB MCQ

Sodium hydroxide is represented by the chemical formula NaOH, where Na represents sodium and OH represents the hydroxide ion. It is an ionic compound consisting of sodium cations (Na⁺) and hydroxide anions (OH^-).

Sodium hydroxide is produced by the neutralization reaction between sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The reaction can be represented as follows:
Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂
In this reaction, sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide gas. Sodium hydroxide is not directly produced by the other options listed.

 When sodium hydroxide reacts with aluminum ions (Al³⁺), it forms sodium aluminate (NaAlO₂). This reaction is commonly used in the preparation of certain dyes and pigments.

Sodium hydroxide can be used to neutralize acidic soils by raising their pH levels. It helps to reduce the acidity of the soil, making it suitable for plant growth. The other options listed are not typical uses of sodium hydroxide.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base. It dissociates completely in water, releasing hydroxide ions (OH^-) and sodium ions (Na⁺). It is highly alkaline and is commonly used in various industries for its strong basic properties.

The process of using sodium hydroxide to remove unwanted substances, such as free fatty acids, in the production of vegetable oils is called saponification. It involves the reaction of sodium hydroxide with the triglycerides present in the oils, resulting in the formation of soap molecules.

Sodium hydroxide is commonly known as lye. It is a strong alkaline compound and is widely used in soap making, cleaning products, and other industrial applications.

A sodium hydroxide solution has a pH of 14. It is highly basic or alkaline. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral, values below 7 acidic, and values above 7 alkaline.

Sodium hydroxide is used in the production of glass, fertilizers, and detergents. It has various industrial applications due to its ability to react with different substances and its alkaline properties.

The decomposition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) into sodium oxide (Na₂O) and water (H₂O) is an example of a decomposition reaction. It involves the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances.