Test: Amines - JAMB MCQ

Ethylamine is a primary amine because it has only one alkyl group (ethyl group) attached to the nitrogen atom. In primary amines, the nitrogen atom is bonded to one alkyl group and two hydrogen atoms.

The general formula of a primary amine is R-NH2, where R represents an alkyl or aryl group. This formula indicates that the nitrogen atom is bonded to one alkyl or aryl group and one hydrogen atom.

Diethylamine is a secondary amine because it has two alkyl groups (ethyl groups) attached to the nitrogen atom. In secondary amines, the nitrogen atom is bonded to two alkyl groups and one hydrogen atom.

In a tertiary amine, the nitrogen atom is bonded to three alkyl or aryl groups and does not have any hydrogen atoms directly attached to it. Tertiary amines have the general formula R₃N.

(CH₃)₃N is a tertiary amine because it has three methyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. It does not have any hydrogen atoms directly bonded to the nitrogen.

Amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH3) in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl groups. They are formed by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms in ammonia with alkyl or aryl groups.

The process of converting a primary amine to a secondary amine is called N-alkylation. It involves the substitution of an alkyl group for one of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the nitrogen atom.

Amines have higher boiling points than their corresponding alcohols of similar molecular weight. This is due to the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in amines, whereas alcohols can form both intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds.

Ethylamine is a strong base because it readily accepts a proton (H⁺) to form the ethylammonium ion (C₂H₅NH₃⁺). It has a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, which can easily accept a proton.

Hinsberg reagent (benzenesulfonyl chloride) can be used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. It reacts differently with each type of amine, forming distinct products that can be identified. Primary amines give N-alkylbenzenesulfonamide, secondary amines give N,N-dialkylbenzenesulfonamide, and tertiary amines do not react with Hinsberg reagent.