Movements of Earth- 2 - Free MCQ Practice Test with solutions, Class 5

On 22nd December, the Tropic of Capricorn receives direct rays of the sun as the South Pole tilts towards it. This is the southern hemisphere's summer solstice, marking the point when the South Pole is tilted at its maximum angle away from the Sun. The Tropic of Capricorn is the latitude line located at approximately 23.5 degrees south of the equator, and on this specific date, the Sun's direct rays reach the southernmost point on Earth along this line.

The longest day and the shortest night occur on 21st June. This date marks the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere. During the summer solstice, the North Pole is tilted towards the Sun at its maximum angle, resulting in the longest period of daylight and the shortest period of darkness for locations in the Northern Hemisphere. It is worth noting that the situation is reversed in the Southern Hemisphere, where 21st June marks the winter solstice, with the shortest day and the longest night.

On 21st June, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun. This date marks the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, when the North Pole is tilted at its maximum angle towards the Sun. As a result, locations in the Northern Hemisphere experience the longest day and the shortest night of the year. It is during this time that the Sun reaches its highest point in the sky and the days are the warmest.

One extra day is added to the month of February. This extra day, known as a leap day, is added to the calendar every four years to account for the slight discrepancy between the solar year and the calendar year. This is called a leap year. In a leap year, February has 29 days instead of its usual 28 days. The last leap year was 2020, and the next leap year will be 2024.

A leap year consists of 366 days. In a leap year, an extra day, known as a leap day, is added to the calendar, making the total number of days in that year 366 instead of the usual 365 days. This extra day is added to ensure that the calendar year stays synchronized with the solar year, which is approximately 365.25 days long. Leap years occur every four years, except for years that are divisible by 100 but not divisible by 400.

Leap years repeat after every 4 years. This means that every 4th year is a leap year, with an extra day added to the month of February. The purpose of adding this extra day is to account for the approximately 0.25-day discrepancy between the calendar year (365 days) and the time it takes for the Earth to orbit the Sun (approximately 365.25 days). By adding a leap day every 4 years, the calendar can stay synchronized with the solar year to a reasonable degree.

The Earth takes approximately 365 days to complete one revolution around the Sun. This duration is known as a year. The concept of a year is important for keeping track of time and organizing our calendar. A year consists of 12 months, and each month can have varying numbers of days. Additionally, every four years, we have a leap year with an extra day added to February to account for the slight discrepancy between the calendar year and the time it takes for the Earth to orbit the Sun.

The circle that divides day from night on the globe is called the Circle of Illumination. It is the boundary where sunlight is currently reaching the Earth's surface, creating daylight on one side and darkness on the other side. As the Earth rotates on its axis, the Circle of Illumination moves and determines which parts of the Earth are experiencing day or night at any given time.

The Earth takes approximately 24 hours to complete one rotation around its axis. This 24-hour period is commonly referred to as a day. This rotation of the Earth on its axis is what causes the cycle of day and night on our planet.

The plane formed by the axis of the Earth and its orbit around the Sun is known as the orbital plane. The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees with respect to its orbital plane. This tilt is responsible for the changing seasons on Earth as different parts of the planet receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year.