What was the main objective of the Public Distribution System (PDS) in India?

To provide essential goods at market prices

To distribute foodgrains at government-controlled prices to vulnerable sections

To promote agricultural exports

To reduce the overall production of foodgrains

What were the three aspects of the food problem in India mentioned in the text?

High prices, low production, and poor distribution

Quantitative inadequacy, qualitative deficiency, and high prices

Shortages, wastage, and urban bias

Poverty, malnutrition, and overpopulation

What is the primary factor responsible for the quantitative inadequacy of foodgrains in India, as mentioned in the text?

Slow rise in domestic production

Lack of proper storage facilities

Inadequate marketing facilities

What is the main objective of the buffer stock operations mentioned in the text?

To stabilize foodgrains prices in the open market

To prevent the government from purchasing foodgrains

To encourage hoarding by private traders

To reduce foodgrains production

What is the primary aim of the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) in India?

To provide foodgrains to all citizens at subsidized prices

To provide foodgrains to families living below the poverty line (BPL)

To increase the prices of foodgrains in the open market

To reduce the overall production of foodgrains

What is the economic cost of foodgrains composed of, as mentioned in the text?

MSP, procurement incidentals, and distribution costs

Distribution costs and storage costs

What is the significance of the High Level Committee (HLC) mentioned in the text?

It focuses on reducing the economic cost of foodgrains.

It examines the impact of foodgrains production on prices.

It suggests measures to improve the operational efficiency of the Food Corporation of India (FCI).

It promotes the export of foodgrains from India.

What were the drawbacks associated with the Revamped Public Distribution System (RPDS), as mentioned in the text?

Proliferation of bogus cards and inadequate storage facilities

High economic cost and low procurement prices

Discrimination against urban populations and low-income levels of fair price shopkeepers

Ineffective functioning of village committees and failure to issue ration cards to all eligible households

What is the primary reason for the urban bias in the Public Distribution System (PDS), as stated in the text?

Limited availability of foodgrains in urban areas

High prices of foodgrains in urban areas

Discriminatory policies favoring urban populations

Greater focus on rural areas in PDS

What is the self-targeting feature of employment programs like the Employment Guarantee Scheme mentioned in the text?

These programs provide purchasing power to all citizens.

These programs focus on providing employment to skilled workers.

These programs target unskilled manual workers who face high poverty and unemployment.

These programs exclude all workers from participating.

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