Test: Morphology of Flowering Plants - 2 - NEET MCQ

In some plants, like grass,Monsteraand the banyan tree, roots arisefrom parts of the plant other than theradicle and are called adventitious roots

Topic in NCERT: THE ROOT

Line in NCERT: "In some plants, like grass, Monstera and the banyan tree, roots arise from parts of the plant other than the radicle and are called adventitious roots."

The outer seed coat (testa) of a seed is produced from outer integument of ovule. The inner integument forms tegmen (inner seed coat). Ovary wall forms pericarp (fruit wall).
Line in NCERT: The seed coat has two layers, the outer testa and the inner tegmen.

In parietal placentation, the ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part. Ovary is one-chambered but it becomes two chambered due to the formation of the false septum, e.g., mustard and Argemone.

Topic in NCERT: placentation

Line in NCERT: "In parietal placentation, the ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part. Ovary is one-chambered but it becomes two-chambered due to the formation of the false septum, e.g., mustard and Argemone."

The arrangement of leaves on a stem is called phyllotaxy. There are three types of phyllotaxy
Topic in NCERT: Phyllotaxy
Line in NCERT: "Phyllotaxy is the pattern of arrangement of leaves on the stem or branch."

The root is covered at the apex by a thimble-like structure called the root cap.

Topic in NCERT: Regions of the Root

Line in NCERT: "The root is covered at the apex by a thimble-like structure called the root cap."

Tap roots :-From primary root developing from radical.

Fibrous roots :-As a replacement of primary root.

Adventitious roots:-Through parts other than radical.

Hence (C) is the correct answer.

Topic in NCERT: THE ROOT

Line in NCERT: "In some plants, like grass, Monstera and the banyan tree, roots arise from parts of the plant other than the radicle and are called adventitious roots."

Hypogynous: Flowers in which the sepals, petals, and stamens are attached below the ovary are called hypogynous, and the ovaries of such flowers are said to be superior. 

Eg: Tomato, Tulip, and Snapdragon.

Topic in NCERT: Position of floral parts on thalamus

Line in NCERT: "In the hypogynous flower the gynoecium occupies the highest position while the other parts are situated below it."

The stem develops from the plumule of the embryo of a germinating seed.

Topic in NCERT: THE STEM

Line in NCERT: "The part that develops from the plumule of the embryo of a germinating seed is the stem."

• A. Epipetalous correctly matches with III. Stamens attached to the petals.
• B. Epiphyllous correctly matches with IV. Stamens attached to the perianth.
• C. Monoadelphous correctly matches with I. Stamens united into one bundle.
• D. Diadelphous correctly matches with II. Stamens united into two bundles.
  These matches are based on the botanical definitions of each term.

When sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping, as in Calotropis, it is said to be valvate.

Topic in NCERT: Aestivation

Line in NCERT: "When sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping, as in Calotropis, it is said to be valvate."

Placentation in a syncarpous, unilocular ovary bearing two or more placentae longitudinallyalong the wall is called parietal placentation.

Topic in NCERT: placentation
Line in NCERT: "In parietal placentation, the ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part."

The correct option is D Polyandrous

Polyandrous flowers are flowers that have many stamens in them, all of which are free from each other.
Example: Flame lily
Monoadelphous stamens are where anthers are free but filaments are united to form a single tube.
Diadelphous stamens are united to form two groups whereas polyadelphous staments are united to form more than two groups.

Topic in NCERT: Androecium

Line in NCERT: "The stamens in a flower may either remain free (polyandrous) or may be united in varying degrees."

The floral formula for the Solanaceae family typically includes the symbol ⊕ indicating actinomorphic flowers, followed by numbers in parentheses that denote united floral parts. Here, the formula '⊕ K5 C5 A5 G(2)' indicates five united sepals (K), five united petals (C), five epipetalous stamens (A), and a bicarpellary, syncarpous gynoecium with a superior ovary (G).
 

The Assertion is false because a flower that can be divided into two similar halves in only one particular vertical plane is described as zygomorphic, not actinomorphic. The Reason is true, correctly describing actinomorphic flowers as those that exhibit radial symmetry and can be divided into two equal halves along any radial plane.
Topic in NCERT: The Flower
Line in NCERT: When a flower can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial plane passing through the centre, it is said to be actinomorphic, e.g., mustard, datura, chilli. When it can be divided into two similar halves only in one particular vertical plane, it is zygomorphic, e.g., pea, gulmohur, bean, Cassia. A flower is asymmetric (irregular) if it cannot be divided into two similar halves by any vertical plane passing through the centre, as in canna

A typical stamen, which is the male reproductive part of a flowering plant, consists of two main components:
Filament: This is the stalk part of the stamen that supports the anther.
Anther: This part is usually bilobed, and each lobe contains two chambers known as pollen-sacs or microsporangia, where pollen grains are produced.
Thus, Option B is correct as it accurately describes the structure of a stamen with both its major components and the details of the anther's internal structure.
Line in NCERT : Androecium is composed of stamens. Each stamen which represents the male reproductive organ consists of a stalk or a filament and an anther. Each anther is usually bilobed and each lobe has two chambers, the pollen-sacs. The pollen grains are produced in pollen-sacs. A sterile stamen is called staminode.