Test: Freedom Fighters and Independence Facts - Class 1 MCQ

The Pakistan demand was formalised gradually. On 23 March 1940, the League moved a resolution demanding a measure of autonomy for the Muslim majority areas of the subcontinent. This ambiguous resolution never mentioned partition or Pakistan
The name Pakistan or Pak-stan (from Punjab, Afghan, Kashmir, Sind and Baluchistan) was coined by a Punjabi Muslim student at Cambridge, Choudhry Rehmat Ali, who, in pamphlets written in 1933 and 1935, desired a separate national status for this new entity.

Madam HP Blavatsky ,a Russian woman & Col. H.S Olcott ,an American ,founded the Theosophical Society in Newyork in 1875 . They advocated the revival & strengthening of ancient religions of Hinduism.

The Durand line was demarcated in 1892 by Sir Henry Mortimer Durand during the viceroyship of Lord Lansdowne. Abdur Rahman Khan was Emir of Afghanistan that time.

The Cabinet Mission felt that a separate state would contain larger proportion of Non-Muslim population and a sizable population of Muslims will be left in India, if two states are declared.

To end British rule in India, a secret revolutionary society “Abhinav Bharat” was founded by Ganesh Damodar Savarkar (elder brother of V. D. Savarkar) in 1904.

Woods Despatch of 1854 recommended:

• It recommended vernacular languages for primary education and English language for higher education
• The system of grants-in-aid was recommended to help private enterprises
• It recommended comprehensive system of Scholarship for higher education
• Female education to be encouraged
• Director of Public Instruction to be appointed in every province

In the year 1763, the British sent Major Adams to fight against Mir Kasim. Several battles were fought. Some of them are Battle of Katwah, Battle of Suti, Battle of Giria, Battle of Udaynala.

The battle of Bhopal was fought between the Maratha and the Nizam in the year 1737 (24th December). The nizam was assisted by some Mughal generals. The Maratha ruler Shahu was assisted by Bajirao I. Nizam was defeated in this battle.

The annexation of Berar took place in the year 1853. The Nizam of Berar failed to pay the money which was charged for the contingent forces to the British. That is why Berar was annexed by signing a treaty with the Nizam.

Lord Mountbatten was the last British Viceroy of India from 21st February 1947 to 15th August 1947. The post of the Viceroys was abolished and he served as a Governor-General of India till 21st June 1948.

In the year 1936, All India Kisan Sabha or Akhil Bharatiya Kisan Sabha was founded by Sahajanand Saraswati at the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress.

Several states rose to prominence during the later half of the 18th century to consolidate their power by the use of access to sea and ports. Principal among these were Travancore in Kerala and Mysore.

Partition of Bengal took place in the year 1905. Division of Bengal was carried out by the British viceroy in India, Lord Curzon. The step began a transformation of the Indian National Congress from a middle-class pressure group into a nationwide mass movement.

The princely states of Gwalior united with other princely states and created Madhya Bharat after India’s independence. A fresh Instrument of Accession was signed with the Indian dominion on 15 June 1948. Jivaji Rao Scindia became the first rajpramukh of Gwalior state.

The Berlin Committee, later known as the Indian Independence Committee after 1915, was an organisation formed in Germany in 1914 during World War I by Indian students and political activists residing in the country. The purpose of the Committee was to promote the cause of Indian Independence.
Berlin Committee was formed by CR Pillai and VN Chatterjee. Its members included students in Europe and members from India House. Some of them were Abhinash Bhattacharya, P Pillai, Abdul Hafiz, AR Pillai, MPT Acharya and Gopal Paranjape. German government supported them. They also had links with the revolutionary Jatin Mukherjee (Bagha Jatin).

Wahabi Movement was a Islamic revivalist movement founded by Syed Ahmed of Rai Bareilly. Syed Ahmed condemned the western influence on Islam and advocated a return to pure Islam and society.

Sawantwadi Revolt took place in the year 1844 in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. Their leader was Phond Sawant. He was a Maratha sardar. He captured forts with the help of other sardars.

Due to increase in land revenue by 22 %, the satyagraha was led by Vallabhbhai Patel at Bardoli, Gujarat. Under the leadership of Patel, the Bardoli peasants decided to refuse payments of the revised assessment until the Government appointed an independent tribunal or accepted the current amount as full payment. Those who opposed the movement had to faced a social boycott. The outcome of the satyagraha was British Government setup Maxwell-Broomfield commission, reduced land Revenue to 6.03% and returned confiscated land back to farmers. In this struggle, Vallabhbhai Patel got the title of “Sardar” by local farmers of Bardoli.

Sir Henry Cotton was a member of the Indian Civil Service. He supported Indian Home Rule and served as President of the Indian National Congress in 1904. He led the opposition to Curzon’s invasion of Tibet and the partition of Bengal.

Parvati Devi was daughter of Lala Lajpat Rai who is know for actively taking part in the Satyagraha Committee. Radha Devi Agrawal was the wife of Lala Lajpat Rai. He had two sons, Amrit Rai Agrawal and Pyarelal Agrawal, and a daughter, Parvati Agrawal.