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Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - NEET MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 below.
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Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 1

The specialised patch of modified heart muscles from where contraction initiates is/are :

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 1

  • The nodal musculature has the ability to generate action potentials without any external stimuli.
  • The number of action potentials that could be generated in a minute varies at different parts of the nodal system.
  • The SAN can generate the maximum number of action potentials and is responsible for initiating and maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of the heart.
  • Therefore, it is called the pacemaker.

Topic in NCERT: Nodal Tissue and Pacemaker Activity

Line in NCERT: "The SAN can generate the maximum number of action potentials, i.e., 70-75 min⁻¹, and is responsible for initiating and maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of the heart. Therefore, it is called the pacemaker."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 2

In the systemic circulation, the blood vessel that carries blood from the intestine to the liver is named:

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 2

The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the intestine to the liver before it is delivered to the systemic circulation.

Topic in NCERT: CIRCULATORY PATHWAYS

Line in NCERT: "A unique vascular connection exists between the digestive tract and liver called hepatic portal system. The hepatic portal vein carries blood from intestine to the liver before it is delivered to the systemic circulation."

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Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 3

Rh incompatibility develops when:

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 3

A special case of Rh incompatibility (mismatching) has been observed between the Rh-ve blood of a pregnant mother with Rh+ve blood of the foetus.

Topic in NCERT: Rh incompatibility in pregnancy

Line in NCERT: "Rh incompatibility (mismatching) has been observed between the Rh-ve blood of a pregnant mother with Rh+ve blood of the foetus."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 4

Match Column 1 with Column 2.

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 4

  • In ECG, P-Wave represents depolarization of atria.
  • The QRS complex represents the depolarization of ventricles.
  • T-wave represents repolarization of ventricles i.e., returns from excited to the normal state.
  • Reduction in the size of T-wave i.e., if the T-Wave represents the insufficient supply of Oxygen i.e. coronary ischemia.
  • Hence,
    (a) – (iv)
    (b) – (i)
    (c) – (ii)
    (d) – (iii)

Topic in NCERT: Blood Groups

Line in NCERT: "Persons with ‘AB' group can accept blood from persons with AB as well as the other groups of blood. Therefore, such persons are called 'universal recipients'."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 5

Read the following and choose the correct option:
(i) Blood vessels include arteries and veins. Arteries carry blood from the heart to body parts and veins bring back blood from the body parts to the heart. 
(ii) The blood vessel which carries blood from the heart to the lungs is a pulmonary artery and it carries oxygenated blood.

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 5

  • The arteries carry blood from the heart to all over body parts. Hence, statement (i) is correct.
  • The vessels which carry blood from the heart to the lungs is the pulmonary artery but it carries deoxygenated blood. Hence, statement (ii) is correct.

Topic in NCERT: DOUBLE CIRCULATION

Line in NCERT: "The deoxygenated blood pumped into the pulmonary artery is passed on to the lungs from where the oxygenated blood is carried by the pulmonary veins into the left atrium."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 6

The given figure shows schematic plan of blood circulation in humans with labels A to D. Identify the labels and select the correct option.

The given figure shows the schematic plan of blood circulation in humans  with labels A to D. Identify the label and give its function?

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 6

A- Pulmonary vein
B- Dorsal aorta
C- Vena cava
D- Pulmonary artery

Figure shows schematic plant of blood circulation in humans ...

Topic in NCERT: CIRCULATION SYSTEM

Line in NCERT: "Pulmonary artery" "Pulmonary Vein" "Dorsal aorta" "Vena cava"

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 7

Read the following and choose the correct option:
(i) The instrument used for recording the heart’s electrical events is named electrocardiograph.
(ii) In any ECG the part of the baseline between any two deflections is called interval.
(iii) Abnormality in the working of heart changes wave pattern of ECG.

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 7


- Statement (i): The instrument used for recording the heart's electrical events is indeed named an electrocardiograph.

- Statement (ii): In any ECG, the part of the baseline between any two deflections is actually called a segment, not an interval. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

- Statement (iii): Abnormalities in the working of the heart can indeed change the wave pattern of an ECG. This is because different heart conditions can affect the electrical activity of the heart, leading to changes in the ECG wave pattern.

Therefore, the correct option is C

Topic in NCERT: Electrocardiograph (ECG)

Line in NCERT: "this type of machine (electro-cardiograph) is used to obtain an electrocardiogram (ECG)."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 8

In which organisms is an open circulatory system typically found?

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 8

An open circulatory system is commonly found in arthropods and molluscs. In this system, the blood pumped by the heart flows through large vessels into open spaces or body cavities called sinuses. This system contrasts with closed circulatory systems found in annelids and chordates, where blood is circulated through a closed network of blood vessels. The open circulatory system allows for the flow of fluid to be less precisely regulated compared to closed systems.

Topic in NCERT: CIRCULATORY PATHWAYS

Line in NCERT: "Open circulatory system is present in arthropods and molluscs in which blood pumped by the heart passes through large vessels into open spaces or body cavities called sinuses."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 9

Which type of heart structure is present in amphibians and reptiles, except crocodiles?

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 9

Amphibians and reptiles, except crocodiles, possess a 3-chambered heart with two atria and a single ventricle. This heart structure allows for a degree of separation between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, although there is some mixing in the single ventricle before circulation. This setup contrasts with the more efficient 4-chambered heart found in crocodiles, birds, and mammals.

Topic in NCERT: CIRCULATORY PATHWAYS

Line in NCERT: "Amphibians and the reptiles (except crocodiles) have a 3-chambered heart with two atria and a single ventricle."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 10

Where is the human heart located in the body?

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 10

The human heart is situated in the thoracic cavity, between the two lungs, slightly tilted towards the left. It occupies a position in the chest that is protected by the pericardium, a double-walled membranous bag. This positioning is crucial for its function in pumping blood throughout the body.

Topic in NCERT: Human Circulatory System

Line in NCERT: "Heart, the mesodermally derived organ, is situated in the thoracic cavity, in between the two lungs, slightly tilted to the left."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 11

Which structure separates the right and left atria of the heart?

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 11

The right and left atria of the heart are separated by a thin, muscular wall called the interatrial septum. This partition ensures that blood from the systemic and pulmonary circulations does not mix within the heart, allowing for efficient oxygenation and circulation of blood throughout the body.

Topic in NCERT: Human Circulatory System

Line in NCERT: "A thin, muscular wall called the inter-atrial septum separates the right and the left atria."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 12

Where does the atrioventricular bundle (AV bundle) emerge from after passing through the atrioventricular septa?

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 12

The atrioventricular bundle (AV bundle) is a bundle of nodal fibers that continues from the atrioventricular node (AVN) and passes through the atrioventricular septa. It emerges on the top of the interventricular septum, where it immediately divides into a right and left bundle. These branches further propagate into minute fibers throughout the ventricular musculature of the respective sides, playing a crucial role in coordinating the electrical impulses that regulate the contraction of the ventricles.

Topic in NCERT: Cardiac Conduction System

Line in NCERT: "A bundle of nodal fibres, atrio-ventricular bundle (AV bundle) continues from the AVN which passes through the atrio-ventricular septa to emerge on the top of the inter-ventricular septum and immediately divides into a right and left bundle."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 13

What distinguishes the circulatory pathways in birds and mammals from those in fishes and amphibians?

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 13

2. Double circulation system

Birds and mammals have a double circulation system, meaning their heart has two separate circuits: the pulmonary circuit (for oxygenating blood) and the systemic circuit (for distributing oxygenated blood to the rest of the body). This system ensures that oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix, providing more efficient oxygen delivery to tissues.

In contrast:

  • Fishes have a single circulation system with a two-chambered heart, where blood passes through the heart only once before going to the gills and then to the rest of the body.
  • Amphibians typically have a three-chambered heart (two atria and one ventricle), leading to some mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, and also have a single circulation system.

 

 

 

 

Topic in NCERT: DOUBLE CIRCULATION

Line in NCERT: "In birds and mammals, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood received by the left and right atria respectively passes on to the ventricles of the same sides. The ventricles pump it out without any mixing up, i.e., two separate circulatory pathways are present in these organisms, hence, these animals have double circulation."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 14

What is the primary role of thrombin in the blood coagulation process?

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 14

Thrombin plays a crucial role in the coagulation process by converting fibrinogen, an inactive plasma protein, into fibrin, which forms the meshwork that constitutes a blood clot. This conversion is essential for the formation of a stable clot that traps blood cells and prevents further bleeding. An interesting fact about thrombin is that it not only aids in clot formation but also has roles in wound healing and inflammation, showcasing its importance beyond just coagulation.

Topic in NCERT: Coagulation of Blood

Line in NCERT: "Fibrins are formed by the conversion of inactive fibrinogens in the plasma by the enzyme thrombin."

Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 15

Assertion (A): Coronary artery disease is primarily caused by a buildup of calcium, fat, cholesterol, and fibrous tissues in the arteries.

Reason (R): This accumulation leads to the narrowing of the arterial lumen, which reduces blood flow to the heart muscle.

Detailed Solution for Test: Body Fluids & Circulation - 1 - Question 15

 

  • Assertion Analysis: The assertion is true as coronary artery disease (CAD) is indeed caused by the buildup of substances such as calcium, fat, and cholesterol in the arterial walls.
  • Reason Analysis: The reason is also true because the described accumulation does lead to the narrowing of the arteries, which is a key characteristic of CAD.
  • Explanation Relation: The reason directly explains the assertion as it describes the process through which CAD occurs. Thus, both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason accurately explains the assertion.

 

Topic in NCERT: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Line in NCERT: "Coronary Artery Disease, often referred to as atherosclerosis, affects the vessels that supply blood to the heart muscle. It is caused by deposits of calcium, fat, cholesterol and fibrous tissues, which makes the lumen of arteries narrower."

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