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NEET Exam  >  NEET Test  >  Biology Class 11  >  Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - NEET MCQ

Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Free MCQ Practice Test


MCQ Practice Test & Solutions: Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 (15 Questions)

You can prepare effectively for NEET Biology Class 11 with this dedicated MCQ Practice Test (available with solutions) on the important topic of "Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2". These 15 questions have been designed by the experts with the latest curriculum of NEET 2026, to help you master the concept.

Test Highlights:

  • - Format: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
  • - Duration: 15 minutes
  • - Number of Questions: 15

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Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 1
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The part of a nephron which adds HCO-3 to the filtrate is :

Detailed Solution: Question 1

The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) plays an important role in maintaining the acid-base balance of the body. It can secrete hydrogen ions (H+) and add bicarbonate ions (HCO₃-) to the filtrate or reabsorb them into the blood as needed. Thus, it helps regulate the pH of blood and urine.

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 2
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In which part of nephron, reabsorption of glucose is maximum from filtrate?

Detailed Solution: Question 2

Sodium reabsorption occurs through tubular reabsorption in proximal and distal convoluted tubules only. The proximal convoluted tubule is involved in active reabsorption of sodium into the peritubular capillary network and passive flow of water flows. It accounts for 67% of sodium reabsorption. DCT reabsorption of sodium is also an active process but is under hormonal regulation i.e., conditional response. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Topic in NCERT: Proximal convoluted tubule

Line in NCERT: "Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT): PCT is lined by simple cuboidal brush border epithelium which increases the surface area for reabsorption. Nearly all of the essential nutrients, and 70-80 per cent of electrolytes and water are reabsorbed by this segment."

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Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 3
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Reema is on dialysis and she is unable to conceive due to high levels of waste products in her body fluids. Her doctor can suggest her

Detailed Solution: Question 3

When both and kidney of a person get damaged and not able to filter the blood, dialysis is used to remove nitrogenous wastes. High wastes accumulation unable a woman to conceive. The ultimate solution to this problem is kidney transplant.

Topic in NCERT: Kidney transplantation

Line in NCERT: "Kidney transplantation is the ultimate method in the correction of acute renal failures (kidney failure)."

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 4
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Vasa recta is absent or reduced in:

Detailed Solution: Question 4

Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons.

Topic in NCERT: Vasa recta in cortical nephrons

Line in NCERT: "Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons."

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 5
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The hormone with enzymatic action which catalyses conversion of angiotensinogen into angiotensin is :

Detailed Solution: Question 5

A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to releasereninwhich converts angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin I and further to angiotensin II.

Topic in NCERT: Renin-angiotensin mechanism

Line in NCERT: "The JGA plays a complex regulatory role. A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which converts angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin I and further to angiotensin II."

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 6
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

Detailed Solution: Question 6

The kidneys are responsible for regulating blood pressure, maintaining electrolyte balance, and producing erythropoietin, which stimulates the production of red blood cells. However, the detoxification of blood—specifically the breakdown and removal of toxins and drugs—is mainly performed by the liver, not the kidneys. Thus, option a) Detoxification of blood is NOT a primary function of the kidneys.

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 7
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Towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is a notchcalled:

Detailed Solution: Question 7

Towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is a notch called hilum through which ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter.

Topic in NCERT: Hilum

Line in NCERT: "Towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is a notch called hilum through which ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter."

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 8
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Which of the following substances is/are secreted by the active transport into the filtrate in the distal convoluted tubule?

a. K+ ions
b. Creatinine
c. H+
d. HCO3- ions
e. Hippuric acid

Detailed Solution: Question 8

K+ and HCO3- ions are secreted by active transport into the filtrate in the distal convoluted tubule.

Topic in NCERT: Distal convoluted tubule

Line in NCERT: "the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is also capable of reabsorption of HCO3 and selective secretion of hydrogen and potassium ions"

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 9
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Which blood vessel takes blood away from the kidney? 

Detailed Solution: Question 9

The renal vein takes blood away from the kidney. The process starts with renal artery which enters the kidney as afferent arteriole. It carries the urea loaded blood into the glomerulus of the kidney. The blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule and runs parallel to the loop of Henle. The urea is absorbed into the nephric filtrate by the process of tubular secretion in the loop of Henle, distal convulated tubule and collecting duct. The process of tubular secretion helps to secrete the urea from the blood to the collecting duct which is finally excreted in form of urine. The purified blood comes from the kidney through the renal vein and drained into vena cava outside kidney.
So, the correct answer is 'Renal vein'.

Topic in NCERT: Efferent arteriole

Line in NCERT: "Blood from the glomerulus is carried away by an efferent arteriole."

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 10
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Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. The collecting duct extends from the cortex of the kidney to the inner parts of the medulla.
b. Each human kidney has nearly one million complex tubular structures called Columns of Bertini.
c. The collecting duct can reabsorb large amounts of water to produce a concentrated urine.

Detailed Solution: Question 10

  • Nephrons are the functional unit of the kidney.
  • These are the structures which actually produce urine in the process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood.
  • There are about 10,00,000 nephrons in each human kidney.
  • Each human kidney has nearly one million complex tubular structures called Nephrons.

Topic in NCERT: Collecting duct

Line in NCERT: "Collecting Duct: This long duct extends from the cortex of the kidney to the inner parts of the medulla. Large amounts of water could be reabsorbed from this region to produce a concentrated urine."

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 11
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In human excretory system :

i. kidneys and ureters are paired structures but urinary bladder is single.
ii. Kidneys are situated between the levels of last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra.

Detailed Solution: Question 11

The excretory system in human consistsof a pair of kidneys, one pair of ureters, aurinary bladder and a urethra. Kidneys are reddish brown, bean shaped structures situated between the levels of last thoracic and third lumbarvertebra close to the dorsal inner wall of the abdominal cavity.

Topic in NCERT: Human excretory system

Line in NCERT: "In humans, the excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, one pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra." "Kidneys are reddish brown, bean shaped structures situated between the levels of last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra close to the dorsal inner wall of the abdominal cavity."

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 12
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The greater the number of blood vessels dilated, the ________.

Detailed Solution: Question 12

The dilation of blood vessels leads to a decrease in peripheral resistance and a decrease in blood pressure, while constriction of blood vessels leads to an increase in peripheral resistance and an increase in blood pressure.

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 13
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How does the counter current mechanism contribute to the concentration of urine in mammals?

Detailed Solution: Question 13

The counter current mechanism, established by the flow of filtrate in opposite directions in the Henle's loop and the vasa recta, plays a crucial role in the concentration of urine in mammals. This mechanism allows for the exchange of NaCl and urea between the ascending limb of Henle's loop and the descending limb of vasa recta, contributing to the increasing osmolarity towards the inner medullary interstitium. This process aids in the maintenance of a concentration gradient necessary for the reabsorption of water and essential substances in the nephron, thereby enabling the production of concentrated urine.

Topic in NCERT: Counter current mechanism

Line in NCERT: "The flow of filtrate in the two limbs of Henle's loop is in opposite directions and thus forms a counter current."

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 14
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What is the name of the mechanism that helps in the concentration of filtrate in mammals' urine production?

Detailed Solution: Question 14

The mechanism that aids in the concentration of filtrate in mammals' urine production is known as the counter current mechanism. This mechanism involves the flow of filtrate in opposite directions in the two limbs of Henle's loop, as well as the counter current flow of blood through the two limbs of vasa recta. This specialized arrangement, along with the proximity between the Henle's loop and vasa recta, plays a crucial role in maintaining an increasing osmolarity towards the inner medullary interstitium.

Topic in NCERT: Mechanism of concentration of the filtrate

Line in NCERT: "the above described transport of substances facilitated by the special arrangement of Henle's loop and vasa recta is called the counter current mechanism"

Test: Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 - Question 15
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What is the defining characteristic of renal calculi?

Detailed Solution: Question 15

Renal calculi are characterized by the presence of an insoluble mass of crystallized salts within the kidney. These formations can vary in size and composition, often leading to symptoms such as severe pain, hematuria (blood in urine), and urinary obstruction. It is crucial to manage these calculi through dietary changes, hydration, and medical interventions to prevent complications like kidney damage or recurrent stone formation.

Topic in NCERT: Renal calculi

Line in NCERT: "Renal calculi: Stone or insoluble mass of crystallised salts (oxalates, etc.) formed within the kidney."

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About this NEET Practice Test

This test contains 15 MCQs on Excretory Products & their Elimination - 2 with detailed solutions for each question. It is part of the Biology Class 11 course on EduRev, designed to align with the current NEET syllabus. Each solution explains not just the correct answer but also gives you an understanding of the topic — not just to attempt the question but also help you prepare for the exam with practice.

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