JKPSC Prelims Paper 2 Mock Test - 6 - JKPSC KAS (Jammu and Kashmir) MCQ
30 Questions MCQ Test - JKPSC Prelims Paper 2 Mock Test - 6
Directions (Q.1-10) for the following 10 items:
Read the following three passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on these passages only.
Passage 1
There's been a change in the weather. Extreme events like the Nashville flood - described by officials as a once - in - a - millennium occurrence - are happening more frequently than they used to. A month before Nashville, torrential downpours dumped 11 inches of rain on Rio de janeiro in 24 hours, triggering mud slides that buried hundreds. About three months after Nashville, record rain in Pakistan caused flooding that affected more than 20 million people. In late 2011, floods in Thailand submerged hundreds of factories near Bangkok, creating a worldwide shortage of computer hard drives.
And it is not just heavy rains that are making headlines. During the past decade we have also been severe droughts in places like Texas, Australia and Russia as well as in East Africa, where tens of thousands have taken refuge in camps. Deadly heat waves hit Europe, and record numbers of tornadoes have ripped across the United States. Losses from such events helped push the cost of whether disasters in 2011 to an estimated $150 billion worldwide, a roughly 25% jump from the previous year. In the USA, last year, a record 14 events caused a billion dollars or more of damage each, far exceeding the previous record of 9 such disasters in 2008.
What is going on? Are these extreme events signals of a dangerous, human made shift in Earth's climate? Or are we just going through a natural stretch of bad luck?
The short answer is: probably both. The primary forces driving recent disasters have been natural climate cycles, especially El Nino and La Nina. Scientists have learned a lot during the past few decades about how that strange seesaw in the equatorial Pacific affects weather worldwide. During an El Nino, a giant pool of warm water that normally sits in the central Pacific surges east all the way to South America; during a La Nina, it shrinks and retreats into the Western Pacific. Heat and water vapour coming off the warm pool generate thunderstorms so powerful and towering that their influence extends out of the tropics to the jet streams that blow across the middle altitudes. As the warm pool shifts back and forth along the equator, the wavy paths of the jet streams shift north and south- which changes the tracks that storms follow across the continents. An El Nino tends to push directing storms over the southern USA and Peru while visiting drought and fire on Australia. In a La Nina, the rains flood Australia and fail in the American Southwest and Texas - and in even more distant places like East Africa.
Q. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
Passage 1
There's been a change in the weather. Extreme events like the Nashville flood - described by officials as a once - in - a - millennium occurrence - are happening more frequently than they used to. A month before Nashville, torrential downpours dumped 11 inches of rain on Rio de janeiro in 24 hours, triggering mud slides that buried hundreds. About three months after Nashville, record rain in Pakistan caused flooding that affected more than 20 million people. In late 2011, floods in Thailand submerged hundreds of factories near Bangkok, creating a worldwide shortage of computer hard drives.
And it is not just heavy rains that are making headlines. During the past decade we have also been severe droughts in places like Texas, Australia and Russia as well as in East Africa, where tens of thousands have taken refuge in camps. Deadly heat waves hit Europe, and record numbers of tornadoes have ripped across the United States. Losses from such events helped push the cost of whether disasters in 2011 to an estimated $150 billion worldwide, a roughly 25% jump from the previous year. In the USA, last year, a record 14 events caused a billion dollars or more of damage each, far exceeding the previous record of 9 such disasters in 2008.
What is going on? Are these extreme events signals of a dangerous, human made shift in Earth's climate? Or are we just going through a natural stretch of bad luck?
The short answer is: probably both. The primary forces driving recent disasters have been natural climate cycles, especially El Nino and La Nina. Scientists have learned a lot during the past few decades about how that strange seesaw in the equatorial Pacific affects weather worldwide. During an El Nino, a giant pool of warm water that normally sits in the central Pacific surges east all the way to South America; during a La Nina, it shrinks and retreats into the Western Pacific. Heat and water vapour coming off the warm pool generate thunderstorms so powerful and towering that their influence extends out of the tropics to the jet streams that blow across the middle altitudes. As the warm pool shifts back and forth along the equator, the wavy paths of the jet streams shift north and south- which changes the tracks that storms follow across the continents. An El Nino tends to push directing storms over the southern USA and Peru while visiting drought and fire on Australia. In a La Nina, the rains flood Australia and fail in the American Southwest and Texas - and in even more distant places like East Africa.
Q. The passage attempts to describe which of the following...
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Passage 1
There's been a change in the weather. Extreme events like the Nashville flood - described by officials as a once - in - a - millennium occurrence - are happening more frequently than they used to. A month before Nashville, torrential downpours dumped 11 inches of rain on Rio de janeiro in 24 hours, triggering mud slides that buried hundreds. About three months after Nashville, record rain in Pakistan caused flooding that affected more than 20 million people. In late 2011, floods in Thailand submerged hundreds of factories near Bangkok, creating a worldwide shortage of computer hard drives.
And it is not just heavy rains that are making headlines. During the past decade we have also been severe droughts in places like Texas, Australia and Russia as well as in East Africa, where tens of thousands have taken refuge in camps. Deadly heat waves hit Europe, and record numbers of tornadoes have ripped across the United States. Losses from such events helped push the cost of whether disasters in 2011 to an estimated $150 billion worldwide, a roughly 25% jump from the previous year. In the USA, last year, a record 14 events caused a billion dollars or more of damage each, far exceeding the previous record of 9 such disasters in 2008.
What is going on? Are these extreme events signals of a dangerous, human made shift in Earth's climate? Or are we just going through a natural stretch of bad luck?
The short answer is: probably both. The primary forces driving recent disasters have been natural climate cycles, especially El Nino and La Nina. Scientists have learned a lot during the past few decades about how that strange seesaw in the equatorial Pacific affects weather worldwide. During an El Nino, a giant pool of warm water that normally sits in the central Pacific surges east all the way to South America; during a La Nina, it shrinks and retreats into the Western Pacific. Heat and water vapour coming off the warm pool generate thunderstorms so powerful and towering that their influence extends out of the tropics to the jet streams that blow across the middle altitudes. As the warm pool shifts back and forth along the equator, the wavy paths of the jet streams shift north and south- which changes the tracks that storms follow across the continents. An El Nino tends to push directing storms over the southern USA and Peru while visiting drought and fire on Australia. In a La Nina, the rains flood Australia and fail in the American Southwest and Texas - and in even more distant places like East Africa.
Consider the following statements:
1. Natural weather cycles can be the reason for instances of extreme weather
2. Bangkok, Thailand is the biggest producer of computer hard drives in the world With reference to the passage, which of the following statements is/are valid
Passage 1
There's been a change in the weather. Extreme events like the Nashville flood - described by officials as a once - in - a - millennium occurrence - are happening more frequently than they used to. A month before Nashville, torrential downpours dumped 11 inches of rain on Rio de janeiro in 24 hours, triggering mud slides that buried hundreds. About three months after Nashville, record rain in Pakistan caused flooding that affected more than 20 million people. In late 2011, floods in Thailand submerged hundreds of factories near Bangkok, creating a worldwide shortage of computer hard drives.
And it is not just heavy rains that are making headlines. During the past decade we have also been severe droughts in places like Texas, Australia and Russia as well as in East Africa, where tens of thousands have taken refuge in camps. Deadly heat waves hit Europe, and record numbers of tornadoes have ripped across the United States. Losses from such events helped push the cost of whether disasters in 2011 to an estimated $150 billion worldwide, a roughly 25% jump from the previous year. In the USA, last year, a record 14 events caused a billion dollars or more of damage each, far exceeding the previous record of 9 such disasters in 2008.
What is going on? Are these extreme events signals of a dangerous, human made shift in Earth's climate? Or are we just going through a natural stretch of bad luck?
The short answer is: probably both. The primary forces driving recent disasters have been natural climate cycles, especially El Nino and La Nina. Scientists have learned a lot during the past few decades about how that strange seesaw in the equatorial Pacific affects weather worldwide. During an El Nino, a giant pool of warm water that normally sits in the central Pacific surges east all the way to South America; during a La Nina, it shrinks and retreats into the Western Pacific. Heat and water vapour coming off the warm pool generate thunderstorms so powerful and towering that their influence extends out of the tropics to the jet streams that blow across the middle altitudes. As the warm pool shifts back and forth along the equator, the wavy paths of the jet streams shift north and south- which changes the tracks that storms follow across the continents. An El Nino tends to push directing storms over the southern USA and Peru while visiting drought and fire on Australia. In a La Nina, the rains flood Australia and fail in the American Southwest and Texas - and in even more distant places like East Africa.
Consider the following statements:
1. Both heavy rains and droughts have affected the world
2. Events in the Pacific can cause changes in the weather of areas like East Africa With reference to the passage, which of the following statements is/are valid?
Passage 2
Focus should be on raising land productivity and water use efficiency. State specific strategies are needed. Dry areas need to focus on livestock. Most importantly, markets must be reformed. An important beginning has been made by granting statutory status to warehouse receipts. However, the real benefits from this measure can accrue only when the appropriate warehouse infrastructure and supporting backward linkages have been created and a nationwide trading platform has been put in place. Consideration should be given to extending infrastructure status to a wider range of agricultural market facilities in the same manner as for warehouses. States must modify the Essential Commodities Act (ECA) and the APMC Act (perhaps exclude horticulture and perishables entirely from the ambit of APMC), rebuild the extension system, increase the involvement of the private sector in marketing, and also facilitate leasing in/out of land by farmers. State agricultural universities and extension networks are in a bad shape and need strengthening.
MGNREGS has helped generate employment and income in rural areas but it can do much more to increase land productivity, particularly in rainfed areas. In addition, MGNREGS has transformed rural labour relations, which is bound to affect the production decisions of farmers, both in terms of crops as well as technologies. The agricultural support systems must facilitate this transition, which requires greater flexibility and responsiveness.
Q. Consider the following statements:
1. Currently the land productivity is quite low.
2. Appropriate warehouse infrastructure is potentially beneficial.
As per the above passage, which of the given statements is/are valid?
Passage 2
Focus should be on raising land productivity and water use efficiency. State specific strategies are needed. Dry areas need to focus on livestock. Most importantly, markets must be reformed. An important beginning has been made by granting statutory status to warehouse receipts. However, the real benefits from this measure can accrue only when the appropriate warehouse infrastructure and supporting backward linkages have been created and a nationwide trading platform has been put in place. Consideration should be given to extending infrastructure status to a wider range of agricultural market facilities in the same manner as for warehouses. States must modify the Essential Commodities Act (ECA) and the APMC Act (perhaps exclude horticulture and perishables entirely from the ambit of APMC), rebuild the extension system, increase the involvement of the private sector in marketing, and also facilitate leasing in/out of land by farmers. State agricultural universities and extension networks are in a bad shape and need strengthening.
MGNREGS has helped generate employment and income in rural areas but it can do much more to increase land productivity, particularly in rainfed areas. In addition, MGNREGS has transformed rural labour relations, which is bound to affect the production decisions of farmers, both in terms of crops as well as technologies. The agricultural support systems must facilitate this transition, which requires greater flexibility and responsiveness.
Q. Consider the following assumptions:
1. State agricultural universities have a room for improvement.
2. The current problem can be solved through market reforms alone.
With reference to the passage, which of the following assumptions is/are valid?
Passage 2
Focus should be on raising land productivity and water use efficiency. State specific strategies are needed. Dry areas need to focus on livestock. Most importantly, markets must be reformed. An important beginning has been made by granting statutory status to warehouse receipts. However, the real benefits from this measure can accrue only when the appropriate warehouse infrastructure and supporting backward linkages have been created and a nationwide trading platform has been put in place. Consideration should be given to extending infrastructure status to a wider range of agricultural market facilities in the same manner as for warehouses. States must modify the Essential Commodities Act (ECA) and the APMC Act (perhaps exclude horticulture and perishables entirely from the ambit of APMC), rebuild the extension system, increase the involvement of the private sector in marketing, and also facilitate leasing in/out of land by farmers. State agricultural universities and extension networks are in a bad shape and need strengthening.
MGNREGS has helped generate employment and income in rural areas but it can do much more to increase land productivity, particularly in rainfed areas. In addition, MGNREGS has transformed rural labour relations, which is bound to affect the production decisions of farmers, both in terms of crops as well as technologies. The agricultural support systems must facilitate this transition, which requires greater flexibility and responsiveness.
Q. Consider the following statements:
1. MGNREGS has not done much to increase land productivity
2. Transformation of rural labour relations influences production decisions of farmers With reference to the passage, which of the following statements is/are valid?
Directions for the following (one) item:
Read the following passage and answer the item that follow. Your answer to this item should be based on the passage only.
The impact of environmental disasters is immense but unequal. Houses in poorer areas will often be less stable, storm barriers may be weaker, sanitation is often a problem, emergency services will be poorly resourced - and preventing disease outbreaks may be hindered by the poor state of public health services.
Q. Which among the following is the most logical and essential message conveyed by the above passage?
Three taps A, B and C can fill a tank in 12, 15 and 20 hours respectively. If A is opened all the time and B and C are opened one hour each alternatively , the tank will be full in :
If a pipe A can fill a tank 3 times faster than pipe B. If both the pipes can fill the tank in 32 minutes, then the slower pipe alone will be able to fill the tank in?
A, B and C together earn Rs.300 per day, while A and C together earn Rs.188 and B and C together earn Rs.152. The daily earning of C is?
A alone can do a piece of work in 6 days and B alone in 8 days. A and B undertook to do it for Rs.3200. With the help of C, they completed the work in 3 days. How much is to be paid to C?
A and B together can complete a work in 12 days. A alone can complete it in 20 days. If B does the work only for half a day daily, then in how many days A and B together will complete the work?
Directions for the following (one) item:
Read the following passage and answer the item that follow. Your answer to this item should be based on the passage only.
As the planet warms, we need to be able to predict what populations will be at risk for infectious diseases because prevention is always superior to reaction. The researchers are now working on a map to pin point future changes in the distribution of vector-borne diseases.
Q. Which among the following is the most critical and rational inference that can be drawn from the above passage?
A, B and C can do a piece of work in 11 days, 20 days and 55 days respectively, working alone. How soon can the work be done if A is assisted by B on odd days and C on even days?
9 kids can finish a bit of work in 360 days. 18 men can finish the same work of piece in 72 days and 12 ladies can finish it in 162 days. In how long can 4 men, 12 ladies and 10 kids together finish the bit of work?
4 men and 6 women complete a piece of work in 8 days while 3 men and 7 women complete it in 10 days. In how many days 10 women can finish the work?
A works twice as fast as B. If two can together complete a bit of work in 12 days, then B alone can do it in:
In one minute 3/7 of a tank is filled. How much time will it take to fill the remaining part of the tank?
Read the information given below carefully and answer the following question.
The whole biosphere, like the individual organisms that live inside it, exists in a chemically dynamic state. In this homeostatic system, a great number of organic compounds are synthesized, transformed, and decomposed continuously; together, these processes constitute the major parts of the carbon cycle. For the smooth operation of this cycle, degradation is just as important as synthesis: the green plants produce great quantities of polymers, such as cellulose, and innumerable other compounds like alkaloids, terpenes, and flavonoids, that green plants cannot use as sources of energy during respiration. The release of the carbon in these compounds for recycling depends almost entirely on the action of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and certain types of fungi. Some bacteria and fungi possess the unique and extremely important biochemical asset of being able to catalyse the oxidation of numerous inert products, thereby initiating reaction sequences that produce carbon dioxide and so return much carbon to a form that actively enters into life cycles once again.
Q. The passage contains information that would answer which of the following questions about the carbon cycle?
1. What are some of the compounds that are broken down in the carbon cycle?
2. Why are some compounds that are involved in the carbon cycle less reactive than others? 3. What role do bacteria and fungi play in the carbon cycle?
Read the information given below carefully and answer the following question.
The whole biosphere, like the individual organisms that live inside it, exists in a chemically dynamic state. In this homeostatic system, a great number of organic compounds are synthesized, transformed, and decomposed continuously; together, these processes constitute the major parts of the carbon cycle. For the smooth operation of this cycle, degradation is just as important as synthesis: the green plants produce great quantities of polymers, such as cellulose, and innumerable other compounds like alkaloids, terpenes, and flavonoids, that green plants cannot use as sources of energy during respiration. The release of the carbon in these compounds for recycling depends almost entirely on the action of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and certain types of fungi. Some bacteria and fungi possess the unique and extremely important biochemical asset of being able to catalyse the oxidation of numerous inert products, thereby initiating reaction sequences that produce carbon dioxide and so return much carbon to a form that actively enters into life cycles once again.
Q. The author implies that which of the following is the primary reason that degradation is as important as synthesis to the smooth operation of the carbon cycle?
Based on the following bar graph. (Number of Industrial Townships in 1978 is 160000)
Which was the first year when people were employed in private enterprises?
Based on the following bar graph. (Number of Industrial Townships in 1978 is 160000)
If it is known that the total work force in India increases at a simple rate of 10% per annum, then by what per cent does the number of people employed in the Urban Collectives change?
Directions
A book is divided into 6 chapters. The following pie chart denotes the percentage of the total pages devoted to each chapter.
If Chapter 1 contains 60 pages, the number of pages in chapter 5 is?
Directions
A book is divided into 6 chapters. The following pie chart denotes the percentage of the total pages devoted to each chapter.
The central angle for Chapter 6 is x degrees more than that of chapter 5. The value of x is
Amit can row 8 km/hr in still water. If the river is flowing at 4 km/hr, it takes 1.5 hours to row to a place and back. How far is the place?
A train passes two persons walking in opposite directions to the train at a speed of 5 m/s and 10 m/s and crosses them in 6 seconds and 5 seconds respectively. Find the length of the train?
A man covers a distance via auto driving at 70 km/hr and returns back to the beginning point riding on a bike at 55km/hr. What is his average speed for the entire trip?
How much time will a train 171 m long take to cross a bridge 229 m long, if it is running ^at a speed of 45 kmph?
Read the following passage and answer the item that follow.
Your answer to this item should be based on the passage only.
Agriculture in India needs to become more sustainable even as small and marginal farmers struggle to build resilience against many threats. First, they remain price-takers and economically vulnerable, beholden to traders who set prices, and with limited opportunities to sell at a time of their choice (due to poor storage). Further, decades of intensive agriculture have added to water stress and declining soil health. Farmers rely on groundwater for more than 60% of irrigation needs. Chemical fertilizers, once a boon to boost soil nutrients, have been applied so intensively (particularly urea) that the long-term health of soils is now of deep concern.
Q. Which among the following is the most logical, rational and critical inference that can be made from the above passage?
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