CTET Paper-I Mock Test - 4 (Hindi) - CTET & State TET MCQ

शिक्षण करते समय छात्रों को सरलतापूर्वक समझाने के लिए शिक्षक को पाठ का सम्बन्ध जोड़ना चाहिए? 

वैयक्तिक विभिन्नताओं के सम्बन्ध में सर्वप्रथम किसने अध्ययन किया था ?

अधिगम स्थानांतरण के संबंध में असत्य कथन है:

निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखिए।
कौन नहीं चाहता कि उन्हें ज्यादा से ज्यादा लोग जानें। पर इसकी जो कीमत चुकानी होती है, उसके लिए कम ही लोग तैयार होते है। आप चर्चित हैं, तो आपकी सामाजिक जवाबदेही भी अधिक होती है। हर अनुकूल-प्रतिकूल स्थिति के लिए आपको बाकी लोगों से ज्यादा तैयारी करनी पड़ती है। चर्चित होने के बाद खुद के मुताबिक सामान्य जीवन जीना और भी कठिन होता है। चर्चित लोगों से अनौपचारिक बात करें, तो पाएंगे की ऐसे में वे जो बता रहे हैं, उससे वह अलग है, जो उन्होंने औपचारिक बातचीत के दौरान कही थी। चर्चित व्यक्तियों की बनी छवि प्रायः सच्चाई से अलग होती है। विडंबना यह है कि वे 'खुद भी उसी छवि को जीने में लग जाते है, जो गढ़ी गई है। अलबर्ट आइंस्टाइन ने, जिन्हें लोग सुपर मानव कहते हैं और जो जीवन काल में ही इस दुनिया के सर्वाधिक लोकप्रिय व्यक्ति थे, एक बार कहा था कि मेरी उपलब्धियों व क्षमताओं के बीच, जो लोगों द्वारा समझी गई है और वास्तव में जो मैं हूँ, एक विरोधाभास है। लोकप्रियता के सामाजिक - नैतिक पहलू पर अध्ययन करने वाले मनोविज्ञानी कहते हैं - टिकाऊ लोकप्रियता सही मायने में वही है, जो दिलों पर राज करवाए, न कि चर्चाओं में चर्चा में होना सरल है, पर इसकी प्रक्रिया है जटिल। इसीलिए लोकप्रिय व्यक्ति प्रायः बदनाम भी जल्दी होता है। उसके नकारात्मक पहलु भी जल्द सामने आते हैं। उन पर अहं भी जल्दी तारी हो जाता है। ऐसी लोकप्रियता अक्सर यह भ्रम देती है कि आप सामान्य से अलग हैं। यह सोच अपनों व दूसरों से बहुत दूर ले जाती है। इसे संतुलित तरीके से न लिया जाये, तो ज्यादातर चर्चित व्यक्तियों के लिए यह दुःखी करने वाली होती है। अंततः यह बात याद रखें कि प्रसिद्ध लोगों को गुमनामी का सामना करना और खुद को नैतिक बनाए रखना आना चाहिए। अन्यथा वक्त की हवा के बीच वे तिनके की तरह उड़ा दिए जाएँगे।

Q. प्रसिद्ध लोगों को क्या नहीं करना चाहिए?

निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखिए।
कौन नहीं चाहता कि उन्हें ज्यादा से ज्यादा लोग जानें। पर इसकी जो कीमत चुकानी होती है, उसके लिए कम ही लोग तैयार होते है। आप चर्चित हैं, तो आपकी सामाजिक जवाबदेही भी अधिक होती है। हर अनुकूल-प्रतिकूल स्थिति के लिए आपको बाकी लोगों से ज्यादा तैयारी करनी पड़ती है। चर्चित होने के बाद खुद के मुताबिक सामान्य जीवन जीना और भी कठिन होता है। चर्चित लोगों से अनौपचारिक बात करें, तो पाएंगे की ऐसे में वे जो बता रहे हैं, उससे वह अलग है, जो उन्होंने औपचारिक बातचीत के दौरान कही थी। चर्चित व्यक्तियों की बनी छवि प्रायः सच्चाई से अलग होती है। विडंबना यह है कि वे 'खुद भी उसी छवि को जीने में लग जाते है, जो गढ़ी गई है। अलबर्ट आइंस्टाइन ने, जिन्हें लोग सुपर मानव कहते हैं और जो जीवन काल में ही इस दुनिया के सर्वाधिक लोकप्रिय व्यक्ति थे, एक बार कहा था कि मेरी उपलब्धियों व क्षमताओं के बीच, जो लोगों द्वारा समझी गई है और वास्तव में जो मैं हूँ, एक विरोधाभास है। लोकप्रियता के सामाजिक - नैतिक पहलू पर अध्ययन करने वाले मनोविज्ञानी कहते हैं - टिकाऊ लोकप्रियता सही मायने में वही है, जो दिलों पर राज करवाए, न कि चर्चाओं में चर्चा में होना सरल है, पर इसकी प्रक्रिया है जटिल। इसीलिए लोकप्रिय व्यक्ति प्रायः बदनाम भी जल्दी होता है। उसके नकारात्मक पहलु भी जल्द सामने आते हैं। उन पर अहं भी जल्दी तारी हो जाता है। ऐसी लोकप्रियता अक्सर यह भ्रम देती है कि आप सामान्य से अलग हैं। यह सोच अपनों व दूसरों से बहुत दूर ले जाती है। इसे संतुलित तरीके से न लिया जाये, तो ज्यादातर चर्चित व्यक्तियों के लिए यह दुःखी करने वाली होती है। अंततः यह बात याद रखें कि प्रसिद्ध लोगों को गुमनामी का सामना करना और खुद को नैतिक बनाए रखना आना चाहिए। अन्यथा वक्त की हवा के बीच वे तिनके की तरह उड़ा दिए जाएँगे।

Q. गद्यांश की प्रथम पंक्ति में है:

निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखिए।
कौन नहीं चाहता कि उन्हें ज्यादा से ज्यादा लोग जानें। पर इसकी जो कीमत चुकानी होती है, उसके लिए कम ही लोग तैयार होते है। आप चर्चित हैं, तो आपकी सामाजिक जवाबदेही भी अधिक होती है। हर अनुकूल-प्रतिकूल स्थिति के लिए आपको बाकी लोगों से ज्यादा तैयारी करनी पड़ती है। चर्चित होने के बाद खुद के मुताबिक सामान्य जीवन जीना और भी कठिन होता है। चर्चित लोगों से अनौपचारिक बात करें, तो पाएंगे की ऐसे में वे जो बता रहे हैं, उससे वह अलग है, जो उन्होंने औपचारिक बातचीत के दौरान कही थी। चर्चित व्यक्तियों की बनी छवि प्रायः सच्चाई से अलग होती है। विडंबना यह है कि वे 'खुद भी उसी छवि को जीने में लग जाते है, जो गढ़ी गई है। अलबर्ट आइंस्टाइन ने, जिन्हें लोग सुपर मानव कहते हैं और जो जीवन काल में ही इस दुनिया के सर्वाधिक लोकप्रिय व्यक्ति थे, एक बार कहा था कि मेरी उपलब्धियों व क्षमताओं के बीच, जो लोगों द्वारा समझी गई है और वास्तव में जो मैं हूँ, एक विरोधाभास है। लोकप्रियता के सामाजिक - नैतिक पहलू पर अध्ययन करने वाले मनोविज्ञानी कहते हैं - टिकाऊ लोकप्रियता सही मायने में वही है, जो दिलों पर राज करवाए, न कि चर्चाओं में चर्चा में होना सरल है, पर इसकी प्रक्रिया है जटिल। इसीलिए लोकप्रिय व्यक्ति प्रायः बदनाम भी जल्दी होता है। उसके नकारात्मक पहलु भी जल्द सामने आते हैं। उन पर अहं भी जल्दी तारी हो जाता है। ऐसी लोकप्रियता अक्सर यह भ्रम देती है कि आप सामान्य से अलग हैं। यह सोच अपनों व दूसरों से बहुत दूर ले जाती है। इसे संतुलित तरीके से न लिया जाये, तो ज्यादातर चर्चित व्यक्तियों के लिए यह दुःखी करने वाली होती है। अंततः यह बात याद रखें कि प्रसिद्ध लोगों को गुमनामी का सामना करना और खुद को नैतिक बनाए रखना आना चाहिए। अन्यथा वक्त की हवा के बीच वे तिनके की तरह उड़ा दिए जाएँगे।

Q. " चर्चित व्यक्तियों की बनी छवि प्रायः सच्चाई से अलग होती है।" वाक्य में विशेष्य क्या है?

निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखिए।
कौन नहीं चाहता कि उन्हें ज्यादा से ज्यादा लोग जानें। पर इसकी जो कीमत चुकानी होती है, उसके लिए कम ही लोग तैयार होते है। आप चर्चित हैं, तो आपकी सामाजिक जवाबदेही भी अधिक होती है। हर अनुकूल-प्रतिकूल स्थिति के लिए आपको बाकी लोगों से ज्यादा तैयारी करनी पड़ती है। चर्चित होने के बाद खुद के मुताबिक सामान्य जीवन जीना और भी कठिन होता है। चर्चित लोगों से अनौपचारिक बात करें, तो पाएंगे की ऐसे में वे जो बता रहे हैं, उससे वह अलग है, जो उन्होंने औपचारिक बातचीत के दौरान कही थी। चर्चित व्यक्तियों की बनी छवि प्रायः सच्चाई से अलग होती है। विडंबना यह है कि वे 'खुद भी उसी छवि को जीने में लग जाते है, जो गढ़ी गई है। अलबर्ट आइंस्टाइन ने, जिन्हें लोग सुपर मानव कहते हैं और जो जीवन काल में ही इस दुनिया के सर्वाधिक लोकप्रिय व्यक्ति थे, एक बार कहा था कि मेरी उपलब्धियों व क्षमताओं के बीच, जो लोगों द्वारा समझी गई है और वास्तव में जो मैं हूँ, एक विरोधाभास है। लोकप्रियता के सामाजिक - नैतिक पहलू पर अध्ययन करने वाले मनोविज्ञानी कहते हैं - टिकाऊ लोकप्रियता सही मायने में वही है, जो दिलों पर राज करवाए, न कि चर्चाओं में चर्चा में होना सरल है, पर इसकी प्रक्रिया है जटिल। इसीलिए लोकप्रिय व्यक्ति प्रायः बदनाम भी जल्दी होता है। उसके नकारात्मक पहलु भी जल्द सामने आते हैं। उन पर अहं भी जल्दी तारी हो जाता है। ऐसी लोकप्रियता अक्सर यह भ्रम देती है कि आप सामान्य से अलग हैं। यह सोच अपनों व दूसरों से बहुत दूर ले जाती है। इसे संतुलित तरीके से न लिया जाये, तो ज्यादातर चर्चित व्यक्तियों के लिए यह दुःखी करने वाली होती है। अंततः यह बात याद रखें कि प्रसिद्ध लोगों को गुमनामी का सामना करना और खुद को नैतिक बनाए रखना आना चाहिए। अन्यथा वक्त की हवा के बीच वे तिनके की तरह उड़ा दिए जाएँगे।

Q. "हर अनुकूल-प्रतिकूल स्थिति के लिए आपको बाकी लोगों से ज्यादा तैयारी करनी पड़ती है।" वाक्य में अनुकूल-प्रतिकूल किस प्रकार का शब्द युग्म है?

तू न थकेगा कभी,
तू न रुकेगा कभी,
तू न मुड़ेगा कभी,
कर शपथ, कर शपथ, कर शपथ,
अग्निपथ अग्निपथ अग्निपथ।
यह महान दृश्य है,
चल रहा मनुष्य है,
अश्रु स्वेद रक्त से,
लथपथ लथपथ लथपथ,
अग्निपथ अग्निपथ अग्निपथ।
​उपर्युक्त पद्यांश को पढ़कर नीचे पूछे गए प्रश्न का उत्तर बताइये:

Q. प्रस्तुत कविता में कवि किस बात की शपथ खाता है?

माधवदास ने अपनी संगमरमर की नयी कोठी बनवाई है l उसके सामने बहुत सुहावना बगीचा भी लगवाया है l उनको कला से बहुत प्रेम है l धन की कमी नहीं है और व्यसन छू नहीं गया है l सुन्दर अभिरुचि के आदमी हैं l फूल-पौधे, रकाबियों से हौजों में लगे फव्वारों में उछलता हुआ पानी उन्हें बहुत अच्छा लगता है l समय भी उनके पास काफ़ी है l शाम को जब दिन की गर्मी ढल जाती है और आसमान कई रंग का हो जाता है तब कोठी के बाहर चबूतरे पर तख्त डलवाकर मसनद के सहारे वह गलीचे पर बैठते हैं और प्रकृति की छटा निहारते हैं l इनमें मानो उनके मन को तृप्ति मिलती है l मित्र हुए तो उनसे विनोद-चर्चा करते हैं, नहीं तो पास रखे हुए फर्शी हुक्के की सटक को मुँह में दिए खयाल ही खयाल में संध्या को स्वप्न की भांति गुज़ार देते हैं l 
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश को पढ़कर नीचे दिए गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर बताइये :

Q. माधवदास को किस चीज से प्रेम था?

माधवदास ने अपनी संगमरमर की नयी कोठी बनवाई है l उसके सामने बहुत सुहावना बगीचा भी लगवाया है l उनको कला से बहुत प्रेम है l धन की कमी नहीं है और व्यसन छू नहीं गया है l सुन्दर अभिरुचि के आदमी हैं l फूल-पौधे, रकाबियों से हौजों में लगे फव्वारों में उछलता हुआ पानी उन्हें बहुत अच्छा लगता है l समय भी उनके पास काफ़ी है l शाम को जब दिन की गर्मी ढल जाती है और आसमान कई रंग का हो जाता है तब कोठी के बाहर चबूतरे पर तख्त डलवाकर मसनद के सहारे वह गलीचे पर बैठते हैं और प्रकृति की छटा निहारते हैं l इनमें मानो उनके मन को तृप्ति मिलती है l मित्र हुए तो उनसे विनोद-चर्चा करते हैं, नहीं तो पास रखे हुए फर्शी हुक्के की सटक को मुँह में दिए खयाल ही खयाल में संध्या को स्वप्न की भांति गुज़ार देते हैं l 
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश को पढ़कर नीचे दिए गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर बताइये :

Q. अभिरुचि में अभी क्या है?

माधवदास ने अपनी संगमरमर की नयी कोठी बनवाई है l उसके सामने बहुत सुहावना बगीचा भी लगवाया है l उनको कला से बहुत प्रेम है l धन की कमी नहीं है और व्यसन छू नहीं गया है l सुन्दर अभिरुचि के आदमी हैं l फूल-पौधे, रकाबियों से हौजों में लगे फव्वारों में उछलता हुआ पानी उन्हें बहुत अच्छा लगता है l समय भी उनके पास काफ़ी है l शाम को जब दिन की गर्मी ढल जाती है और आसमान कई रंग का हो जाता है तब कोठी के बाहर चबूतरे पर तख्त डलवाकर मसनद के सहारे वह गलीचे पर बैठते हैं और प्रकृति की छटा निहारते हैं l इनमें मानो उनके मन को तृप्ति मिलती है l मित्र हुए तो उनसे विनोद-चर्चा करते हैं, नहीं तो पास रखे हुए फर्शी हुक्के की सटक को मुँह में दिए खयाल ही खयाल में संध्या को स्वप्न की भांति गुज़ार देते हैं l 
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश को पढ़कर नीचे दिए गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर बताइये :

Q. 'गलीचा' से क्या तात्पर्य है?

सुबह-शाम कंपनी बाग में आते हैं बहुत से सैलानी
उन्हें बताती है यह तोप
कि मैं बड़ी जबर
उड़ा दिए थे मैंने
अच्छे-अच्छे सूरमाओं के धज्जे
अपने ज़माने में
अब तो बहरहाल
छोटे लडकों की घुड़सवारी से अगर यह फारिग हो
तो उसके ऊपर बैठकर
चिडियाँ ही अकसर करती हैं गपशप
कभी-कभी शैतानी में वे इसके भीतर भी घुस जाती हैं
खास कर गौरैयें
वे बताती हैं कि दरअसल कितनी भी बड़ी हो तोप
एक दिन तो होना ही है उसका मुँह बंद।
उपर्युक्त पद्यांश को पढ़कर नीचे दिए गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर बताइए :

Q. प्रस्तुत कविता में किस स्थल का जिक्र हुआ है?

Directions: Go through the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
Summer break was fast approaching, and all Ram wanted to do was to go to a hill station. Unfortunately, Ram’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise. Ram hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could he could go to any hill station with his buddies. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spend the summer break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Ram continued to mumble his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Ram’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Ram still couldn’t stop thinking about all the hill stations he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Ram had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole new ball game. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat fun at a hill station.
Ram climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how extravagant the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship’s deck had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Ram saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool, but it had big waves, and the girl who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
Ram asked his parents if he could go put his swim shorts on so that he could try surfing. They said, “Of course.” They wanted to put their swim suits on as well, and, much to Ram’s surprise, they wanted to try surfing too.
They enjoyed themselves, and by the time the week-long cruise was over, Ram had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning and told them that it was his best vacation ever.

Q. Where were Ram's parents going?

Directions: Go through the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
Summer break was fast approaching, and all Ram wanted to do was to go to a hill station. Unfortunately, Ram’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise. Ram hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could he could go to any hill station with his buddies. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spend the summer break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Ram continued to mumble his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Ram’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Ram still couldn’t stop thinking about all the hill stations he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Ram had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole new ball game. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat fun at a hill station.
Ram climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how extravagant the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship’s deck had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Ram saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool, but it had big waves, and the girl who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
Ram asked his parents if he could go put his swim shorts on so that he could try surfing. They said, “Of course.” They wanted to put their swim suits on as well, and, much to Ram’s surprise, they wanted to try surfing too.
They enjoyed themselves, and by the time the week-long cruise was over, Ram had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning and told them that it was his best vacation ever.

Q. Why was Ram mumbling and complaining?

Directions: Go through the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
Summer break was fast approaching, and all Ram wanted to do was to go to a hill station. Unfortunately, Ram’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise. Ram hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could he could go to any hill station with his buddies. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spend the summer break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Ram continued to mumble his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Ram’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Ram still couldn’t stop thinking about all the hill stations he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Ram had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole new ball game. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat fun at a hill station.
Ram climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how extravagant the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship’s deck had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Ram saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool, but it had big waves, and the girl who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
Ram asked his parents if he could go put his swim shorts on so that he could try surfing. They said, “Of course.” They wanted to put their swim suits on as well, and, much to Ram’s surprise, they wanted to try surfing too.
They enjoyed themselves, and by the time the week-long cruise was over, Ram had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning and told them that it was his best vacation ever.

Q. What gained the interest of Ram?

Directions: Go through the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
Summer break was fast approaching, and all Ram wanted to do was to go to a hill station. Unfortunately, Ram’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise. Ram hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could he could go to any hill station with his buddies. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spend the summer break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Ram continued to mumble his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Ram’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Ram still couldn’t stop thinking about all the hill stations he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Ram had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole new ball game. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat fun at a hill station.
Ram climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how extravagant the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship’s deck had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Ram saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool, but it had big waves, and the girl who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
Ram asked his parents if he could go put his swim shorts on so that he could try surfing. They said, “Of course.” They wanted to put their swim suits on as well, and, much to Ram’s surprise, they wanted to try surfing too.
They enjoyed themselves, and by the time the week-long cruise was over, Ram had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning and told them that it was his best vacation ever.

Q. What is meant by "ton of fun" in the passage?

Directions: Go through the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
Summer break was fast approaching, and all Ram wanted to do was to go to a hill station. Unfortunately, Ram’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise. Ram hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could he could go to any hill station with his buddies. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spend the summer break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Ram continued to mumble his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Ram’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Ram still couldn’t stop thinking about all the hill stations he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Ram had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole new ball game. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat fun at a hill station.
Ram climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how extravagant the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship’s deck had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Ram saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool, but it had big waves, and the girl who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
Ram asked his parents if he could go put his swim shorts on so that he could try surfing. They said, “Of course.” They wanted to put their swim suits on as well, and, much to Ram’s surprise, they wanted to try surfing too.
They enjoyed themselves, and by the time the week-long cruise was over, Ram had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning and told them that it was his best vacation ever.

Q. Why did Ram get surprised when he asked his parents for surfing?

Directions: Go through the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
Summer break was fast approaching, and all Ram wanted to do was to go to a hill station. Unfortunately, Ram’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise. Ram hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could he could go to any hill station with his buddies. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spend the summer break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Ram continued to mumble his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Ram’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Ram still couldn’t stop thinking about all the hill stations he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Ram had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole new ball game. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat fun at a hill station.
Ram climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how extravagant the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship’s deck had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Ram saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool, but it had big waves, and the girl who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
Ram asked his parents if he could go put his swim shorts on so that he could try surfing. They said, “Of course.” They wanted to put their swim suits on as well, and, much to Ram’s surprise, they wanted to try surfing too.
They enjoyed themselves, and by the time the week-long cruise was over, Ram had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning and told them that it was his best vacation ever.

Q. For how long were Ram and his parents out for the cruise?

Directions: Go through the passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
Summer break was fast approaching, and all Ram wanted to do was to go to a hill station. Unfortunately, Ram’s parents had different plans. They had booked a week-long tropical cruise. Ram hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend’s house so he could he could go to any hill station with his buddies. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept debating with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spend the summer break together.
The week of the cruise arrived, and Ram continued to mumble his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Ram’s dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn’t change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Ram still couldn’t stop thinking about all the hill stations he was leaving behind.
When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Ram had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole new ball game. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat fun at a hill station.
Ram climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn’t believe how extravagant the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship’s deck had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Ram saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn’t a big pool, but it had big waves, and the girl who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun.
Ram asked his parents if he could go put his swim shorts on so that he could try surfing. They said, “Of course.” They wanted to put their swim suits on as well, and, much to Ram’s surprise, they wanted to try surfing too.
They enjoyed themselves, and by the time the week-long cruise was over, Ram had new friends he planned to keep in touch with, a new hobby, and great memories. He apologized to his parents for initial moaning and groaning and told them that it was his best vacation ever.

Q. Why did Ram apologize to his parents in the end?

The teacher's cues for activities are given in the first language, in a second language class.
This _____ exploits the communication potential of a given structure.

Some parents of students with learning difficulties may have unrealistic expectations from their children. The teacher can support such students by:

Directions: ​Read the given passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:-
Everything that men do or think concerns either the satisfaction of the needs they feel or the need to escape from pain. This must be kept in mind when we seek to understand spiritual or intellectual movements and the way in which they develop, for feeling and longing are the motive forces of all human striving and productivity – however nobly these latter may display themselves to us.
What, then, are the feelings and the needs which have brought mankind to religious thought and to faith in the widest sense? A moment’s consideration shows that the most varied emotions stand at the cradle of religious thought and experience. In primitive people, it is, first of all, fear that awakens religious ideas – fear of hunger, of wild animals, of illness, and of death. Since the understanding of causal connections is usually limited on this level of existence, the human soul forges a being, more or less like itself, on whose will and activities depend the experiences which it fears. One hopes to win the favor of this being, by deeds and sacrifices, which according to the tradition of the race are supposed to appease the being or to make him well disposed to man. I call this the religion of fear.
This religion is considerably established, though not caused, by the formation of priestly caste which claims to mediate between the people and the being they fear and so attains a position of power. Often a leader or despot will combine the function of the priesthood with its own temporal rule for the sake of greater security, or an alliance may exist between the interests of political power and the priestly caste.

Q. What motivates man’s actions or thinking?

Directions: ​Read the given passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:-
Everything that men do or think concerns either the satisfaction of the needs they feel or the need to escape from pain. This must be kept in mind when we seek to understand spiritual or intellectual movements and the way in which they develop, for feeling and longing are the motive forces of all human striving and productivity – however nobly these latter may display themselves to us.
What, then, are the feelings and the needs which have brought mankind to religious thought and to faith in the widest sense? A moment’s consideration shows that the most varied emotions stand at the cradle of religious thought and experience. In primitive people, it is, first of all, fear that awakens religious ideas – fear of hunger, of wild animals, of illness, and of death. Since the understanding of causal connections is usually limited on this level of existence, the human soul forges a being, more or less like itself, on whose will and activities depend the experiences which it fears. One hopes to win the favor of this being, by deeds and sacrifices, which according to the tradition of the race are supposed to appease the being or to make him well disposed to man. I call this the religion of fear.
This religion is considerably established, though not caused, by the formation of priestly caste which claims to mediate between the people and the being they fear and so attains a position of power. Often a leader or despot will combine the function of the priesthood with its own temporal rule for the sake of greater security, or an alliance may exist between the interests of political power and the priestly caste.

Q. How did religion become firmly established?

Directions: ​Read the given passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:-
Everything that men do or think concerns either the satisfaction of the needs they feel or the need to escape from pain. This must be kept in mind when we seek to understand spiritual or intellectual movements and the way in which they develop, for feeling and longing are the motive forces of all human striving and productivity – however nobly these latter may display themselves to us.
What, then, are the feelings and the needs which have brought mankind to religious thought and to faith in the widest sense? A moment’s consideration shows that the most varied emotions stand at the cradle of religious thought and experience. In primitive people, it is, first of all, fear that awakens religious ideas – fear of hunger, of wild animals, of illness, and of death. Since the understanding of causal connections is usually limited on this level of existence, the human soul forges a being, more or less like itself, on whose will and activities depend the experiences which it fears. One hopes to win the favor of this being, by deeds and sacrifices, which according to the tradition of the race are supposed to appease the being or to make him well disposed to man. I call this the religion of fear.
This religion is considerably established, though not caused, by the formation of priestly caste which claims to mediate between the people and the being they fear and so attains a position of power. Often a leader or despot will combine the function of the priesthood with its own temporal rule for the sake of greater security, or an alliance may exist between the interests of political power and the priestly caste.

Q. How did the priests come to acquire political power?

Directions: ​Read the given passages carefully and answer the questions that follow:-
Everything that men do or think concerns either the satisfaction of the needs they feel or the need to escape from pain. This must be kept in mind when we seek to understand spiritual or intellectual movements and the way in which they develop, for feeling and longing are the motive forces of all human striving and productivity – however nobly these latter may display themselves to us.
What, then, are the feelings and the needs which have brought mankind to religious thought and to faith in the widest sense? A moment’s consideration shows that the most varied emotions stand at the cradle of religious thought and experience. In primitive people, it is, first of all, fear that awakens religious ideas – fear of hunger, of wild animals, of illness, and of death. Since the understanding of causal connections is usually limited on this level of existence, the human soul forges a being, more or less like itself, on whose will and activities depend the experiences which it fears. One hopes to win the favor of this being, by deeds and sacrifices, which according to the tradition of the race are supposed to appease the being or to make him well disposed to man. I call this the religion of fear.
This religion is considerably established, though not caused, by the formation of priestly caste which claims to mediate between the people and the being they fear and so attains a position of power. Often a leader or despot will combine the function of the priesthood with its own temporal rule for the sake of greater security, or an alliance may exist between the interests of political power and the priestly caste.

Q. Choose the type of sentence.
I call this the religion of fear.

Identify the part of speech of the underlined word:
I call this the religion of fear.

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Mount Vesuvius, a volcano located between the ancient Italian cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, has received much attention because of its frequent and destructive eruptions. The most famous of these eruptions occurred in A.D. 79. The volcano had been inactive for centuries. There was little warning of the coming eruption, although one account unearthed by archaeologists says that a hard rain and a strong wind had disturbed the celestial calm during the preceding night. Early the next morning, the volcano poured a huge river of molten rock down upon Herculaneum, completely burying the city and filling the harbor with coagulated lava.
Meanwhile, on the other side of the mountain, cinders, stone and ash rained down on Pompeii. Sparks from the burning ash ignited the combustible rooftops quickly. Large portions of the city were destroyed in the conflagration. Fire, however, was not the only cause of destruction. Poisonous sulfuric gases saturated the air. These heavy gases were not buoyant in the atmosphere and therefore sank toward the earth and suffocated people.
Over the years, excavations of Pompeii and Herculaneum have revealed a great deal about the behavior of the volcano. By analyzing data, much as a zoologist dissects an animal specimen, scientists have concluded that the eruption changed large portions of the area’s geography. For instance, it turned the Sarno River from its course and raised the level of the beach along the Bay of Naples. Meteorologists studying these events have also concluded that Vesuvius caused a huge tidal wave that affected the world’s climate.

Q. Mount Vesuvius has drawn a lot of interest because of which phenomena?