Test: Methods of Teaching - 1 - CUET Humanities MCQ

Extrospection is a method of looking outside oneself. It is an important factor to be considered as compared to introspection which involves looking into oneself by the means of self-observation. In this case, the student is unable to cope up with the way one teacher is teaching while he can get along well with the other teacher. Thus, extrospection is the best method in this case.

Reflexive teaching helps the teacher to self-evaluate his/her own teaching abilities. This involves the participation of both the teacher and the students. It tells the teacher about the actions that he/she takes in the classroom and the reasons behind it. The main concept is to collect and analyse both classroom and teaching data, and evaluate methodologies to achieve the goals of teaching.

Herbart advocated five formal steps in teaching:

1. Preparation—a process of relating new material to be learned to relevant past ideas or memories in order to give the pupil a vital interest in the topic under consideration;
2. Presentation—presenting new material by means of concrete objects or actual experience;
3. Association—thorough assimilation of the new idea through comparison with former ideas and consideration of their similarities and differences in order to implant the new idea in the mind;
4. Generalisation—a procedure especially important to the instruction of adolescents and designed to develop the mind beyond the level of perception and the concrete;
5. Application—using acquired knowledge not in a purely utilitarian way but so that every learned idea becomes a part of the functional mind and an aid to a clear, vital interpretation of life. This step is presumed possible only if the student immediately applies the new idea, making it his own.

The teacher must exhibit a friendly behaviour with the students. A warm and cordial relationship with the students is always welcomed. The teacher can then understand the mentality and accordingly take necessary steps to eliminate undesired behaviour of the students.

Scaffolding process in education is a teaching strategy to expedite children's learning process. Using this method, teachers first demonstrate how to deal a problem, then go back and offer support as and when required. Once basic learning is done, they give prompts, ask questions, cues to make the child learn and build the concept on what he has already learned.

Z to A approach deals with explaining application of a particular concept first and its effects later on. This makes the concepts clear and students develop interest in the concept.

A teacher can be satisfied with his quality of teaching if he/she is able to get counter questions from students on the concepts which have been taught in class. This ensures that the student is able to understand the concept and shows interest in the subject.

Team teaching technique is also known as co-operative teaching technique. In this method, two or more teachers together set goals for a course, design a syllabus, prepare individual lesson plans, teach students, and evaluate the results.

The main purpose of teaching is to increase interest of all the students in the subject. The question-answer technique leads to motivation of students and increasing their self-confidence. This ensures active participation of all the students, while promoting thinking and originality.

As the teacher is following the principles of naturalism, she will not utilise project method. This is because project method is advocated by pragmatist and is focused mainly on child-in-society concept. The methods of teaching as per the naturalist include heuristic method, play-way method, observations and experiments.