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Judiciary Exams Exam  >  Judiciary Exams Tests  >  Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Judiciary Exams MCQ

Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Judiciary Exams MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts

Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts for Judiciary Exams 2024 is part of Judiciary Exams preparation. The Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts questions and answers have been prepared according to the Judiciary Exams exam syllabus.The Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts MCQs are made for Judiciary Exams 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts below.
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Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 1
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Why did the court in Rylands v. Fletcher (1868) justify imposing strict liability on the defendants?

Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 1
The court justified imposing strict liability in Rylands v. Fletcher (1868) based on the foreseeable risks linked to the hazardous activities undertaken by the defendants. This decision emphasized holding individuals accountable for potential harm resulting from activities with inherent dangers, regardless of their awareness or negligence.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 2
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What distinguishes tortious liability from other forms of legal liability?

Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 2
Tortious liability is distinct as it pertains to breaches of duty established by law that result in harm to others, necessitating compensation through legal action. Unlike criminal liability, which involves offenses against the state, tortious liability centers on civil wrongs causing harm to individuals or property and the corresponding legal consequences.
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Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 3
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What legal principle does strict liability primarily focus on in cases involving inherently dangerous activities?

Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 3
Strict liability primarily focuses on the legal principle of foreseeability in cases involving inherently dangerous activities. This doctrine places responsibility on individuals engaging in such activities, emphasizing the need to anticipate and address potential risks that could lead to harm or damages. By prioritizing foreseeability, strict liability aims to promote safety and accountability in activities with inherent hazards.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 4
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In the legal case of Rylands v. Fletcher, 1868, what significant legal concept was first established by the House of Lords?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 4
The House of Lords established the concept of strict liability in the case of Rylands v. Fletcher, 1868. This means that certain activities, even if conducted with care, can still render the person carrying them out liable for any resulting damage. In this case, the court emphasized that engaging in inherently dangerous activities imposes a duty to compensate for any harm caused, regardless of the level of care exercised.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 5
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What was the specific reason behind the flooding in the plaintiff's mines in the Rylands v. Fletcher case?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 5
The flooding in the plaintiff's mines was caused by the collapse of the defendant's reservoirs that were constructed on his land. This collapse resulted in the flooding of the plaintiff's mines, leading to the legal repercussions discussed in the case.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 6
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Why did the court rule the defendant liable for damages in the Rylands v. Fletcher case?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 6
The court held the defendant liable for damages in the Rylands v. Fletcher case because the construction of the reservoirs posed a risk that resulted in harm to the plaintiff. This risk, according to the court, made the defendant responsible for compensating for any damages caused by the escape of materials from the reservoirs.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 7
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In the case of Crowhurst v. Amersham Burial Board, 1878, what was the key factor that led the court to hold the defendant strictly liable under the principles established in Rylands v. Fletcher?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 7
The court held the defendant strictly liable in Crowhurst v. Amersham Burial Board, 1878 because the tree in question was poisonous and its branches extended onto the plaintiff's land. This made the potential harm foreseeable, leading to the defendant's liability.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 8
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What legal concept was central to determining liability in Crowhurst v. Amersham Burial Board, 1878, and Bolton v. Stone, 1951?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 8
The central legal concept in both Crowhurst v. Amersham Burial Board, 1878, and Bolton v. Stone, 1951 was strict liability. In the former case, the defendant was held strictly liable for the harm caused by the poisonous tree, while in the latter case, the cricket club was not found negligent due to the protective measures in place.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 9
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In the Indian Council for Enviro-Legal Action v. UOI case, what was the main reason behind the court holding the chemical plant absolutely liable?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 9
The court held the chemical plant absolutely liable because it was discharging untreated toxic wastewater and sludge, leading to soil and groundwater pollution that resulted in various diseases and fatalities among the local population.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 10
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What legal doctrine was established by the Supreme Court in the Oleum Gas Leak case in India?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 10
The Supreme Court in the Oleum Gas Leak case introduced the doctrine of Absolute Liability, which holds individuals engaged in inherently hazardous activities liable without exceptions in case of harm caused by accidents stemming from such activities.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 11
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What power did the court grant to the Central government in the Indian Council for Enviro-Legal Action v. UOI case?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 11
The court empowered the Central government to determine and retrieve the compensation amount from responsible parties following a comprehensive assessment of the damages caused by the hazardous activities of the chemical plant.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 12
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What legal principle was applied by the court in the case discussed to hold the plant accountable for the harm caused to individuals and the environment?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 12
In this case, the court applied the principle of Absolute Liability to hold the plant responsible for engaging in a hazardous activity that caused harm to numerous individuals. Absolute Liability imposes responsibility on a party regardless of fault or negligence, emphasizing the accountability of activities that are inherently dangerous or harmful.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 13
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What was the key environmental issue highlighted in the court case involving the chemical plant and the village of Bichhari in Udaipur, Rajasthan?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 13
The key environmental issue highlighted in the court case was Water Pollution. The plant was discharging untreated toxic wastewater and sludge into the open fields of the village, leading to soil and groundwater contamination. This pollution resulted in various diseases and fatalities among the local population, underscoring the severe impact of water pollution on the environment and public health.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 14
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What action did the court empower the Central government to take in the aftermath of the ruling against the plant owners?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 14
Following the court's ruling, the Central government was empowered to determine the compensation amount and retrieve it from the responsible parties. This measure aimed to ensure that the impacted communities received appropriate compensation for the harm caused by the hazardous activities of the plant owners, demonstrating a commitment to accountability and justice.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 15
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What was the primary reason behind the court delegating the authority to the Central government in the environmental pollution case discussed?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 15
The court entrusted the Central government with the task of assessing and recovering compensation from the plant owners to ensure that the affected communities received fair compensation for the damage caused by the plant's hazardous activities. This decision aimed to provide relief and hold the responsible parties accountable for the harm inflicted.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 16
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What key legal concept guided the court's decision to grant immunity to the government servants in the P & O Steam Navigation Co. case?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 16
The court's decision to grant immunity to the government servants in the P & O Steam Navigation Co. case was guided by the legal principle of sovereign immunity. This doctrine shields government officials from personal liability when carrying out official duties under the authority of the state, emphasizing the protection of sovereign functions from legal challenges.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 17
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What was the key ruling in the pre-constitution case that involved the doctrine of "King can do no wrong" and the East India Company?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 17
The pre-constitution case ruling highlighted that under the doctrine of "King can do no wrong," individuals could not be held accountable for harm caused by actions performed under sovereign authority. This legal principle extended to the East India Company, granting immunity from liability in such circumstances.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 18
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What differentiated the court's decision in the State of Rajasthan v. Vidyawati case from the pre-constitution case regarding sovereign immunity?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 18
The court's decision in the State of Rajasthan v. Vidyawati case stood out from the pre-constitution case by explicitly rejecting the defense of sovereign immunity. This rejection was based on the understanding that the mere act of driving a government vehicle did not automatically grant immunity, emphasizing the importance of justice and accountability.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 19
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In which legal case discussed the concept of vicarious liability where a master can be held responsible for the actions of their servant during employment?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 19
The legal case Cassidy v. Minister of Health (1951) delves into the concept of vicarious liability, emphasizing how an employer can be held responsible for the actions of their employee during the course of employment. This case underscores the importance of accountability and oversight in the workplace, particularly in scenarios where negligence or harm occurs due to an employee's actions.
Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 20
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What legal principle was illustrated in the case where a plaintiff sued the Government for the misappropriation of seized gold by a head constable?
Detailed Solution for Test: Top 9 important case laws on “Liability” under the law of torts - Question 20
The legal principle exemplified in the case where the plaintiff sued the Government for the misappropriation of seized gold by a government employee is the concept of employee misconduct leading to government liability. This case underscores the need for accountability and oversight within governmental institutions to prevent and address instances of employee wrongdoing that may result in liability for the organization.
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