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Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Class 7 MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test - Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century

Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century for Class 7 2024 is part of Class 7 preparation. The Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century questions and answers have been prepared according to the Class 7 exam syllabus.The Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century MCQs are made for Class 7 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century below.
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Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 1
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What was a significant feature of the 18th-century political and economic landscape in India?

Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 1
In the 18th century, the political and economic landscape of India witnessed the rise of various regional powers. These powers emerged in different parts of the country, challenging the authority of the declining Mughal Empire. This period marked a shift in power dynamics as regional entities began asserting their influence and control over different territories.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 2
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Which factor played a crucial role in the emergence of regional powers in 18th-century India?

Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 2
Economic stagnation in the Mughal Empire was a key factor that contributed to the emergence of regional powers in 18th-century India. The decline of the Mughal Empire's economy weakened its central authority and created opportunities for regional powers to assert themselves. This economic instability allowed regional rulers to strengthen their positions and establish independent domains.
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Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 3
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What major event contributed to the downfall of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century?

Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 3
The Battle of Plassey, fought in 1757, was a significant event that contributed to the decline of the Mughal Empire. It resulted in the British East India Company gaining significant control over Bengal, marking the beginning of British dominance in India. This battle weakened the Mughal Empire's authority and paved the way for further British expansion in the region.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 4
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How did the decline of the Mughal Empire impact the political landscape of India in the 18th century?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 4
The decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century resulted in increased political fragmentation and the rise of regional powers across India. With the weakening of Mughal authority, various regions began asserting their independence and autonomy, leading to a more decentralized political landscape. This fragmentation set the stage for the emergence of diverse regional powers that shaped the political dynamics of the time.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 5
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What was a significant consequence of the Mughal Empire's lack of a clear succession policy?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 5
The absence of a clear succession policy within the Mughal Empire resulted in wars of succession, leading to internal conflicts and power struggles among potential heirs. This lack of clarity on who would ascend to the throne often led to violence, with many rulers resorting to killing their relatives to secure their position. These wars of succession not only weakened the empire but also tarnished the reputation of the ruling elites, contributing to instability and a loss of centralized authority.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 6
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Why were Aurangzeb's successors considered weak and inefficient rulers?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 6
Aurangzeb's successors were deemed weak and inefficient rulers primarily because they struggled to effectively govern the vast Mughal Empire. This difficulty in management led to the emergence of independence declarations from distant governors. The inefficiency of these successors was largely attributed to the immense size of the empire, which made administration costly and challenging, ultimately contributing to their reputation as weak rulers.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 7
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How did the vastness of the Mughal Empire contribute to its governance challenges?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 7
The vastness of the Mughal Empire presented significant governance challenges as it made governing the empire a complex and arduous task. The sheer size of the empire made it difficult to effectively administer various regions, manage resources, and maintain control over distant territories. This challenge was further exacerbated by the high costs associated with governing such a vast expanse, including issues related to communication, infrastructure, and maintaining law and order.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 8
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What impact did the wars of succession have on the reputation of Mughal rulers?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 8
The wars of succession within the Mughal Empire had a detrimental effect on the reputation of the rulers. These internal conflicts, characterized by violence and power struggles among contenders for the throne, portrayed the ruling elite in a negative light. The practice of ascending to power by eliminating rivals not only undermined the legitimacy of the rulers but also created a perception of instability and lack of unity within the empire, ultimately damaging their reputation both domestically and internationally.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 9
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What was one of the significant outcomes of Aurangzeb's rigid religious policies during his rule?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 9
Aurangzeb's rigid religious policies during his rule led to revolts by various groups like the Rajputs, Sikhs, Jats, and Satnamis. These revolts were a consequence of Aurangzeb's strict imposition of Islamic laws and his intolerance towards other religions and practices. The resistance from these groups reflected the challenges and unrest caused by his policies.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 10
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During the Later Mughal period, what significant power shift occurred among the nobility?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 10
In the Later Mughal period, the nobles gained immense power and sought control over the administration. This power shift resulted in some nobles declaring independence and challenging the authority of the Mughal Emperor. The increased power of the nobility contributed to the weakening of the central authority and the stability of the empire.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 11
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What were some of the defects associated with the Mansabdari System during the Mughal era?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 11
One of the defects of the Mansabdari System during the Mughal era was the hereditary nature of jagirs (land grants), which often led to corruption and factionalism among the nobility. This hereditary aspect of land grants resulted in the concentration of power and wealth within specific families, undermining meritocracy and fairness in the distribution of resources.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 12
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Which significant event in 1739 had a lasting impact on the Mughal Empire and its stability?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 12
Nadir Shah's Invasion in 1739 had a profound impact on the Mughal Empire, leading to plunder, devastation, and the loss of significant wealth and resources. The invasion weakened the empire's economic and military strength, contributing to its further decline and instability. This event marked a turning point in the Later Mughal period, highlighting the vulnerability of the empire to external threats and conflicts.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 13
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What significant event led to Nadir Shah's invasion of Delhi, resulting in the looting of treasures like the Kohinoor diamond and the Peacock Throne?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 13
Nadir Shah's invasion of Delhi and the subsequent looting of treasures such as the Kohinoor diamond and the Peacock Throne was a consequence of the Battle of Karnal. This battle took place in 1739 between the forces of Nadir Shah and the Mughal Empire. The defeat of the Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah at the Battle of Karnal led to Nadir Shah's entry into Delhi, where he carried out one of the most significant plunderings in history.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 14
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Which Rajput ruler was renowned for establishing Jaipur and constructing advanced observatories known as Jantar Mantar?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 14
Sawai Raja Jai Singh, a prominent Rajput ruler, is celebrated for founding Jaipur and building advanced observatories called Jantar Mantar. These observatories were instrumental in astronomical observations and were significant contributions to the field of astronomy during that era.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 15
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What factor contributed significantly to the decline of the Rajputs, in addition to constant internal conflicts?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 15
The decline of the Rajputs was exacerbated by their subjugation by the Marathas in addition to internal conflicts. The Marathas, a powerful regional force, exerted pressure on the Rajput kingdoms, leading to a gradual weakening of the Rajputana states.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 16
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Which group played a notable role in the historical landscape by the time of the rise of regional powers, alongside the Rajputs and Mughals?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 16
The Marathas played a significant role in the historical landscape during the rise of regional powers, alongside the Rajputs and Mughals. Emerging as a powerful force in the Indian subcontinent, the Marathas expanded their influence and territories, challenging the authority of the Mughal Empire and impacting the dynamics of power in the region.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 17
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What was the key military organization formed by Guru Gobind Singh to unite the Sikhs?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 17
Guru Gobind Singh organized the Sikhs into a military brotherhood called the Khalsa. This military organization played a significant role in shaping Sikh identity and resistance against external powers. The Khalsa was known for its discipline, courage, and commitment to protect the Sikh community and their beliefs.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 18
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Who led the Sikhs in battles against the Mughals under Bahadur Shah I's reign?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 18
Banda Bahadur led the Sikhs in battles against the Mughals under Bahadur Shah I's reign. He played a crucial role in challenging Mughal authority and fighting for Sikh rights and sovereignty. Banda Bahadur's efforts inspired many Sikhs to join the resistance movement against the oppressive Mughal rule.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 19
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How did the first Nawab of Awadh, Saadat Khan, reform the administration of the region?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 19
The first Nawab of Awadh, Saadat Khan, reformed the administration by reducing the number of jagirdars and introducing revenue farmers known as ijaradars. This administrative reform aimed to streamline revenue collection and governance in Awadh, contributing to the region's economic stability and development.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 20
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Which Sikh leader successfully united the 12 Sikh groups and established a powerful Sikh kingdom?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 20
Maharaja Ranjit Singh successfully united the 12 Sikh groups and established a powerful Sikh kingdom. His leadership and military prowess played a crucial role in consolidating Sikh power in the region and creating a formidable Sikh empire. Ranjit Singh's reign marked a significant period of Sikh political and cultural influence in South Asia.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 21
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What was the primary motivation behind Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah establishing the independent state of Hyderabad in 1724?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 21
Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah's establishment of the independent state of Hyderabad in 1724 was primarily driven by the need to resist the growing power of the Marathas in the region. This move allowed him to assert control and oppose the influence of the Marathas effectively.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 22
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How did the Nawabs of Bengal contribute to the region's development during their rule?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 22
The Nawabs of Bengal played a significant role in the region's development by restructuring administration, tackling corruption, and promoting activities such as agriculture, trade, and revenue collection. These efforts helped in fostering economic growth and stability in Bengal during their rule.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 23
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What was the primary economic activity of the Jats under Churaman's leadership?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 23
Agriculture was the primary source of income for the Jats under Churaman's leadership. Their focus on agriculture as a livelihood contributed to their economic stability and the emergence of Bharatpur as a strong kingdom in the region.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 24
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What distinguished the Marathas in terms of their territorial control and administration during this period?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 24
The Marathas were known for delegating power to local chieftains and administrators, allowing for a decentralized form of governance in their territories. This approach enabled them to effectively manage their vast territorial holdings and maintain control over a diverse set of regions.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 25
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What title did Shivaji assume and utilize guerrilla warfare tactics against the Mughals?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 25
Shivaji assumed the title of Chhatrapati and employed guerrilla warfare strategies against the Mughals. This title signified his authority as a military leader and ruler. Guerrilla warfare involved unconventional tactics such as ambushes, raids, and surprise attacks, which Shivaji effectively used to combat the superior forces of the Mughal Empire.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 26
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Who played a crucial role in civil and military affairs as the prime minister in the Maratha state?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 26
The Peshwa held the position of prime minister in the Maratha state and was responsible for overseeing both civil administration and military affairs. This role was vital in governing the empire and ensuring the smooth functioning of the government. The Peshwa's influence extended across various aspects of governance, making it a pivotal position within the Maratha administration.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 27
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Under whose leadership did the Maratha Empire expand significantly, including notable figures like Balaji Vishwanath, Baji Rao I, and Balaji Baji Rao?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 27
The Maratha Empire expanded under the leadership of Shivaji, who laid the foundation for its growth and success. Later leaders like Balaji Vishwanath, Baji Rao I, and Balaji Baji Rao continued this expansion through their strategic efforts and military campaigns. Their leadership played a crucial role in shaping the Maratha Empire's territorial reach and influence.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 28
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Which regional power did not support the Marathas in the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, leading to their decline?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 28
The Rajputs did not support the Marathas in the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, contributing to their decline during this significant conflict. The lack of support from regional powers weakened the Maratha forces, making them more vulnerable to their adversaries. This event marked a turning point in the history of the Maratha Empire, highlighting the challenges they faced in maintaining their dominance in the region.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 29
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What was the main source of income for the Marathas, and how was it assessed?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 29
The main source of income for the Marathas was land revenue, which was assessed regularly and based on the quality and yield of the land. This revenue system helped sustain the Maratha administration and military. Additionally, the Marathas imposed two specific taxes, chauth and sardeshmukhi, on Mughal lands, further bolstering their financial resources.
Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 30
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What were the two main taxes imposed by the Marathas on Mughlai lands?
Detailed Solution for Test: New Political Formation in the 18th Century - Question 30
The Marathas imposed two taxes, namely chauth and sardeshmukhi, on Mughlai lands. Chauth was an additional tax amounting to one-fourth of the land's revenue, while sardeshmukhi was a tax equivalent to one-tenth of the land's produce. These taxes were significant sources of revenue for the Maratha administration, contributing to their economic stability and military campaigns.
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