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Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Year 11 MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Alkanes & Alkenes

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Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 1
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What is the general formula for alkanes?

Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 1
The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2. This formula signifies that for each carbon atom in an alkane molecule, there are two times that number of hydrogen atoms, plus two additional hydrogen atoms. This pattern is consistent across all alkane molecules, helping in determining their molecular structure and properties.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 2
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Which reaction can alkanes undergo when exposed to light and halogens?

Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 2
Alkanes can undergo substitution reactions with halogens when exposed to light. In this process, one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkane molecule are replaced by halogen atoms. This reaction is a characteristic feature of the reactivity of alkanes and is significant in organic chemistry transformations.
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Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 3
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What products are produced when methane undergoes complete combustion?

Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 3
When methane undergoes complete combustion, it reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). This reaction is highly exothermic and is a common process in the utilization of methane as a fuel source, releasing energy in the form of heat.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 4
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How do substitution reactions involving alkanes and halogens typically occur?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 4
In substitution reactions between alkanes and halogens under ultraviolet light, hydrogen atoms in alkanes are replaced by halogen atoms. This process occurs due to the activation energy provided by ultraviolet light, leading to the substitution of hydrogen with halogen. This reaction is crucial in organic chemistry for functional group transformations and compound synthesis.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 5
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What role does ultraviolet light play in the substitution reaction between alkanes and halogens?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 5
Ultraviolet light plays a critical role in the substitution reaction between alkanes and halogens by serving as the activation energy required for the reaction to proceed. Without this energy input, the reaction may not occur efficiently. Ultraviolet light activates the reaction by providing the necessary energy for the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, facilitating the substitution of hydrogen atoms with halogen atoms.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 6
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How does the intensity of ultraviolet radiation impact the extent of substitution in alkane-halogen reactions?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 6
The intensity of ultraviolet radiation directly affects the extent of substitution in alkane-halogen reactions. Higher intensity ultraviolet radiation typically results in a higher degree of substitution, as more energy is available to facilitate the reaction. This means that under stronger ultraviolet light, more hydrogen atoms in alkanes are replaced by halogen atoms, leading to a more significant impact on the overall reaction outcome.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 7
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What is the key driving force behind alkane-halogen substitution reactions under ultraviolet light?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 7
The key driving force behind alkane-halogen substitution reactions under ultraviolet light is the formation of radicals induced by ultraviolet radiation. When alkanes are exposed to ultraviolet light, radicals are generated, which then react with halogens to substitute hydrogen atoms in the alkane molecules. This radical-based mechanism is essential in understanding how these substitution reactions take place in the presence of ultraviolet light.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 8
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What characteristic differentiates alkenes from alkanes in terms of reactivity?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 8
The unique reactivity of alkenes stems from the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) in their structure. This double bond allows alkenes to engage in additional bonding with other atoms, making them significantly more reactive compared to alkanes. When the double bond is broken, each carbon atom in the functional group can form four single bonds, enhancing their bonding capability and chemical reactivity.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 9
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What is the general formula for alkenes in terms of the number of carbon atoms in the molecule?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 9
Alkenes are characterized by the general formula CnH2n, where "n" represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. This formula signifies that for every carbon atom present, there are two hydrogen atoms, reflecting the unsaturated nature of alkenes due to the presence of carbon-carbon double bonds.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 10
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How do alkenes differ from alkanes in terms of bonding capability?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 10
Alkenes exhibit a higher bonding capability compared to alkanes because of the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond. This double bond can be broken to allow incoming atoms to form single bonds with each carbon atom of the functional group, enabling alkenes to engage in additional bonding and reactivity.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 11
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Why are alkenes considered more reactive than alkanes?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 11
The increased reactivity of alkenes in comparison to alkanes can be attributed to the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) in their structure. This double bond enables alkenes to form additional bonds with other atoms, leading to a higher level of reactivity. As a result, alkenes can undergo various chemical reactions more readily than alkanes due to their enhanced bonding capability.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 12
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What happens when hydrocarbon molecules are heated to temperatures ranging from 600 to 700°C during cracking?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 12
Heating hydrocarbon molecules to temperatures between 600 and 700°C causes them to vaporize, which is a crucial step in the catalytic cracking process. Vaporization allows the hydrocarbon molecules to interact with the catalyst for breaking down their chemical structure into smaller, more useful components like alkanes and alkenes.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 13
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What is the role of alumina or silica in the process of catalytic cracking?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 13
Alumina or silica serves as a catalyst in catalytic cracking by facilitating the breaking of covalent bonds within hydrocarbon molecules. When hydrocarbon vapors pass over these powdered catalysts at high temperatures, the catalyst's surface helps disrupt the bonds, initiating thermal decomposition reactions that lead to the formation of smaller alkanes and alkenes.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 14
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What chemical property distinguishes alkenes from alkanes, enabling a straightforward differentiation between the two using bromine water?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 14
Alkenes are differentiated from alkanes by the presence of carbon-carbon double bonds (C=C). This characteristic allows bromine water to decolorize when it reacts with alkenes due to the addition of bromine atoms across the double bond, a process known as an addition reaction. This reaction causes the orange color of bromine water to disappear, providing a visual indicator to distinguish alkenes from alkanes.
Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 15
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How do alkanes and alkenes differ in terms of saturation based on their molecular structures?
Detailed Solution for Test: Alkanes & Alkenes - Question 15
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they contain only single carbon-carbon bonds and are saturated with hydrogen atoms. On the other hand, alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons due to the presence of at least one carbon-carbon double bond, which results in fewer hydrogen atoms compared to alkanes. This unsaturation allows alkenes to participate in addition reactions, distinguishing them from alkanes.
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