AP TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 6 (Social Science) - AP TET MCQ

An inclusive classroom includes each and every category of children in the educational system, regardless of their differences and disabilities. In an inclusive classroom, all creative, gifted, intelligent, backward, mentally retarded children study together.

• Creativity is a cognitive ability to produce something original by offering a fresh perspective. It is the ability possessed by people who are creative, persistent, and imaginative.

• Individuals who have the ability to understand the motives, feelings and behaviours of others to bond with them are high on interpersonal Intelligence in Howard Gardner’s theory.
• Interpersonal intelligence: In this type of intelligence people have the ability to understand others' feelings, wishes, expectations, and needs & others' behavior.
• These people have better social communication skills and have the ability to relate well with others and manage relationships.

Thus, people having interpersonal intelligence have the ability to interact with others in society.

Thinking is a higher cognitive process. In the literature, it has been defined primarily in two ways; one category of definition considers thinking as a problem-solving activity. While the other class of definition considers it as a mechanism of an internal representation of the external world.

Jean Piaget, a swiss psychologist, is famous for his work on child development. He made a systematic study of cognitive development in his theory that is categorized in four stages.

भाषा ज्ञान को विकसित करने के लिए शिक्षक द्वारा कई विधिया अपनाई जाती है।
संश्लेषण विधि: संश्लेषण का अर्थ है उस वस्तु को जिसको छोटे - छोटे टुकड़ों में विभाजित कर देना तथा, उसे पुन: एकत्रित कर देना है।

• इस विधि में किसी समस्या का हल एकत्रित करने के लिए उस समस्या से संबंधित पूर्व ज्ञात सूचनाओं को एक साथ मिलाकर समस्या को हल करने का प्रयत्न किया जाता है।
• प्राथमिक स्तर पर बच्चों में पठन कौशल विकसित करने के लिए यह विधि काम में लायी जाती है।
• बालको को सबसे पहले वर्णों की ध्वनि उच्चारण का अभ्यास कराया जाता है।
• ध्वनि उच्चारण के बाद वर्णों की ध्वनियों को संयुक्त करके शब्द बनाने का अभ्यास कराया जाता है।
• शब्दों को संयुक्त करने का अभ्यास दो वर्णों के जोड़े जाने से आरम्भ होता है, जो मात्राओं के संश्लेषण पर पूर्ण होता है।
• इसके साथ ही बालको को शब्दों से वाक्य बनाने का अभ्यास भी कराया जाता है।
• संश्लेषण विधि का प्रयोग पठन के साथ-साथ लेखन कौशल के विकास में भी किया जाता है और इस प्रकार कक्षा तीन तक बालकों में चारों कौशलों का विकास पूर्ण हो जाता है।

हिन्दी भाषा में 'कटि' शब्द का अर्थ कमर है।

• कमर शब्द के पर्यायवाची -कमर, कमरिया, प्रोथ, शंपा, शम्पा।
  उदाहरण : उसकी कमर बहुत ही पतली है।

आत्मसंस्कार के लिए आवश्यक है - 'मानसिक स्वतंत्रता'
गद्यांश के अनुसार:-

• विनम्रता का यह कथन बहुत ठीक है कि विनम्रता के बिना स्वतंत्रता का कोई अर्थ नहीं ।
• इस बात को सब लोग मानते हैं कि आत्मसंस्कार के लिए थोड़ी बहुत मानसिक स्वतंत्रता परमावश्यक है –
• चाहे उस स्वतंत्रता में अभिमान और नम्रता दोनों का मेल हो और चाहे वह नम्रता ही से उत्पन्न हो । 

एक पाठ्य-पुस्तक शिक्षण प्रक्रिया में प्रभावी शिक्षण की सुविधा के लिए उपयोग किया जाने वाला एक आवश्यक उपकरण है। सामूहिक शिक्षण व्यवस्था में पाठ्य-पुस्तक बहुत ही आवश्यक एवं उत्तम शैक्षिक साधन है।

दिए गए शब्द उद्यान का सही वर्ण विच्छेद होगा उ + द् + य् + आ + न् + अ। अत: विकल्प 3 "उ + द् + य् + आ + न् + अ" सही है। 

• वर्ण-विच्छेद यानी वर्णों को अलग-अलग करना।
• किसी शब्द (वर्णों का समूह ) को अलग-अलग करके लिखने की प्रक्रिया को वर्ण विच्छेद कहते हैं। 
• वर्ण-विच्छेद करते समय हमें स्वरों की मात्राओं को पहचानना पड़ता है और
• उस मात्रा के स्थान पर उस स्वर (अ, आ, इ, ई आदि) को प्रयोग में लाया जाता है जिसकी वह मात्रा होती है।
• उदाहरण - निधि शब्द का वर्ण विच्छेद होगा - न् + इ + ध् + इ

लोकल तथा वोकल से क्या अभिप्राय है "सीमा के अंदर होने वाला तथा वाणी युक्त"।
उपर्युक्त पद्यांश के अनुसार लोकल तथा वोकल का अर्थ सीमा के अंदर होने वाला तथा वाणी युक्त है।
अर्थात देश में उत्पादित होने वाले पदार्थ का उपयोग करना तथा उसके लिए अपनी वाणी को मुखर करना है।

'प्राथमिक स्तर की शिक्षा मुख्यतः भाषा-शिक्षा है। भाषा और विचार का अटूट संबंध होता है। विचार से भाषा का जन्म होता है और भाषा विचार को जन्म देती है। बौद्धिक व मानसिक विकास के लिए विचार शक्ति की आवश्यकता होती है, जिसके लिए बच्चों के भाषा-विकास पर विशेष ध्यान दिया जाना आवश्यक है।

• भाषा शिक्षण में भाषा का नए संदर्भों/परिस्थितियों में प्रयोग करना सीखाया जाता है।
• भाषा शिक्षण, भाषा साहित्य को समझते हुए सामाजिक परिवेश के प्रति जागरूक करते हुए सोच का दायरा बढ़ाता है।
• भाषा शिक्षण का उद्देश्य दैनिक जीवन में तार्किक एवं वैज्ञानिक सोच को बढ़ाना है।
• भाषा विकास के लिए, स्तरानुसार कहानी, कवीता को सुनने में रूची लेना और उन्हे मजे से सुनना और सुनाना चाहिए।
• चित्रों और संदर्भ के अनुसार अनुमान लगाते हुए पढ़ना चाहिए। इससे बच्चों की कल्पनाशक्ति का विकास होता है।
• बच्चों को समृद्ध भाषिक परिवेश उपलब्ध कराया जाए, जिसमें उन्हे सुनने-बोलने, पढ़ने-लिखने के अधिक से अधिक अवसर हों।

अतः निष्कर्ष निकलता है कि 'प्राथमिक स्तर की शिक्षा मुख्यतः भाषा-शिक्षा है।' इस कथन का निहितार्थ यह है कि'प्राथमिक स्तर की शिक्षा मुख्यतः भाषा-शिक्षा है।' इस कथन का निहितार्थ यह है कि बच्चों भाषा-विकास पर विशेष ध्यान दिया जाए।

कहानी किसी सच या काल्पनिक घटना के बारे में बताती है। इसे इस तरह से बताया जाता है कि श्रोता अनुभव करे और कुछ सीखे। जब बच्चे कहानियाँ-पढ़ते है, तो वे अन्य लोगों के अनुभवों में प्रवेश करते हैं। यह हिंदी भाषा शिक्षण से सम्बन्धित एक प्रभावी उपकरण है इसलिए इसका प्रयोग शिक्षण की एक विधि के रूप में भी किया जाता है।
कहानी में कथानक का होना आवश्यक होता है क्योंकि कथानक से तात्पर्य किसी कहानी की पृष्ठभूमि तथा सार से है। कहानी में उचित कथानक कहानी को सरल, सहज और औचित्यपूर्ण बनाता है।

• बच्चों में सृजनात्मकता और चिंतनशीलता को विस्तार देती है।
• बच्चों की महत्वपूर्ण सोच कौशल और उनकी अंतर्दृष्टि को बढ़ावा देती है।
• बच्चों में सजगता तथा सृजनशीलता बढ़ाते हुए उन्हें काल्पनिक दुनिया की सैर कराती है।
• बच्चों की रुचि को कहानी में बनाये रखता है और उनकी तार्किक क्षमता को सही दिशा देती है।

अतः, यह स्पष्ट है कि जब बच्चे कहानियाँ-पढ़ते है, तो वे अन्य लोगों के अनुभवों में प्रवेश करते हैं।

'बोली' किसी भाषा का कोई प्रभेदक शैलीरूप न होकर स्वयं भाषा होती है जो अपने सामाजिक प्रकार्य में किसी अन्य भाषा पर आश्रित होती है। दूसरे शब्दों में यह कहा जा सकता है कि शुद्ध भाषावैज्ञानिक दृष्टि से इस संदर्भ में बोली और भाषा में भेद करता संभव नहीं। उदाहरण के लिए खड़ी बोली के रूप में मान्य जिसे हम हिंदी भाषा कहते हैं, उसमें ब्रज, अवधी, भोजपुरी, मैथिली आदि उसकी बोलियों में शब्द, रूपरचना या व्याकरण के आधार पर भाषा-बोली का भेद करना संभव नहीं। शुद्ध भाषिक रचना की दृष्टि से जिस प्रकार खड़ीबोली एक “भाषा” है उसी प्रकार ये बोलियाँ भी 'भाषा' हैं क्योंकि इनमें भी उसी प्रकार भाषिक प्रतीकों की संरचनात्मक व्यवस्था मिलती है, जिस प्रकार खड़ी बोली में।
अतः हम कह सकते हैं कि भाषा वैज्ञानिक दृष्टि से भाषा और बोली में- अंतर नहीं होता।

Mother tongue is the language a person learns from birth or infancy and is considered their native language.

• Teaching children in their mother tongue has several advantages. First, it enables children to understand the content being taught better as they are familiar with the language.
• This helps in building a strong foundation for learning and comprehending which can lead to better academic outcomes in the long run.
• Second, it creates a natural and comfortable environment for children to learn in, where they can express themselves freely and without fear of being misunderstood.
• Third, it helps in promoting and preserving regional languages and cultures, which is an important aspect of diversity and identity.
• Overall, teaching children in their mother tongue can have significant benefits for their academic, social, and cultural development.

Hence it is clear that all of the given options are correct.

According to the sentence given in the passage which is "Biodiversity, and in particular genetic diversity, is being lost at an alarming rate. With the erosion of these resources, mankind loses the potential to adapt to new socio-economic and environmental conditions, such as population growth and climate change." 

An exercise where words are left out of a shorter passage and the pupil must fill in the blanks with suitable words based on their reading, assesses their ability to comprehend.
Here the learners need to first understand the passage through reading and analyzing and then putting the correct words in blanks to make the sentence in a way that the meaning, usage of the words, and the sense of the sentence remain correct. For this activity, the learners need to comprehend the passage and therefore the ability to comprehend is under assessment here.

The English language has achieved a prior place in the curriculum. The aim of teaching the English language is to help children to acquire practical commands of the English language. In the present era, English language teaching is facing several problems.
First language: A native language or mother tongue that a child acquires since birth.
Second language: A language learned by an individual other than his/her native language. 
Many a time students always find it difficult to listen to and understand a second language presentation inside or outside their class. Therefore,

• Students are given the opportunity to learn the targeted language (L2) and should able to use it in a social context.
• The teachers should give an opportunity for students to mimic/imitate, practise the language.
• Based on the principle that language learning is habit formation, the method encourages imitation and memorization of set phrases. Structures are taught one at a time using drills.
• Teaching points are often determined by the differences and similarities between L1 and L2, with an emphasis on the differences.

Hence, we conclude that in the above situation practice by using the second language more can be helpful.

It does not include 'campus radio' as an educational media. This is because it gives only instructions related to their schedules.

Individual difference: Every child is unique and different from others. It should be kept in mind that learners possess different abilities, and personalities, and belong to different backgrounds. The stimulus needs of every learner will be different. Teaching has to be done keeping in mind the individual differences and problems arising out of it.
The teacher should take care of the below points:

• As per the need of the students, the teaching method can vary.
• Generally confused with discrimination, ability grouping is a measure in which students of similar traits are grouped so that the teacher can choose a compatible teaching method.
• Keeping in mind the child-centered education as proposed by the NCF, adjusting the curriculum is no exception because it is the child who has the freedom to choose what he wants to learn.
• The pace of learning should not be a matter of concern for a teacher as every child has his pace and more than results, the attempt to learn is important.

It should be noted that, though self-study improves knowledge, it should not be done simultaneously when the teacher’s responsibility is to teach children.
So, we conclude that for a teacher, leaving children for self-study is not recommended

This is the activity that should be conducted to teach the topic of Unity in Diversity. There are varied dance forms in different parts of the country, and each dance form is one way or the other similar to each other. They also have noticeable differences, which will easily make the students know about the exact meaning of Unity in Diversity.

• Sufis were Muslim mystics.
• They rejected outward religiosity and emphasised love and devotion to God and compassion towards all fellow human beings.
• The Sufis often rejected the elaborate rituals and codes of behaviour demanded by Muslim religious scholars.
• They sought union with God much as a lover seeks his beloved with a disregard for the world. 
• The Sufi masters held their assemblies in their khanqahs or hospices.
• Devotees of all descriptions including members of the royalty and nobility, and ordinary people flocked to these khanqahs.
• They discussed spiritual matters, sought the blessings of the saints in solving their worldly problems, or simply attended the music and dance sessions

Based on the above discussion, we can conclude that both the given statements (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Summative evaluation determines a student's level of academic proficiency at the conclusion of the academic year or term. This is accomplished by comparing the evaluation to a predetermined, globally accepted norm or benchmark.

The median divides the data into two equal parts. So, 25 students scored marks equal to, or above 36, while remaining 25 students scored marks more than 36. This is the right answer.

Todar Mal carried out a careful survey of crop yields, prices and areas cultivated for a period of ten years.

• Todar Mal was the revenue minister of Mughal Emperor Akbar.
•  He carried out a careful survey of crop yields, prices and areas cultivated for a 10-year period, 1570- 1580.
• On the basis of this data, tax was fixed on each crop in cash.
• Each province was divided into revenue circles with its own schedule of revenue rates for individual crops.
• This revenue system was known as zabt.
• It was prevalent in those areas where Mughal administrators could survey the land and keep very careful accounts.
• This was not possible in provinces such as Gujarat and Bengal. 

Hence, we can conclude that Todar Mal carried out a careful survey of crop yields, prices and areas cultivated for a period of ten years.

Article 21 provides protection of life and personal liberty.

• It states that no person shall be deprived of his life and personal liberty according to the procedure established by law.
• This right is available for both citizen and non-citizens.
• In Gopalan case (1950) Supreme Court held that protection under Article 21 is available under arbitrary executive action not arbitrary legislative action because of procedure established by law.
  • This means that the state can deprive the liberty of the person.
  • It also tells that personal liberty is only related to individual liberty.
• In Menaka case (1978) Court overruled its previous judgement
  • It introduced the American expression ‘due process of law’.
  • Now, the right to life and personal liberty can only be deprived by the procedure prescribed by law is reasonable and fair.
  • It added Right to life in Article 21.
•  The Supreme Court has declared some of the following rights as part of Article 21.
  • Right to live with human dignity
  • Right to a decent environment and protection from pollution
  • Right to livelihood
  • Right to privacy
  • Right to shelter
  • Right to health
  • Right to sleep
  • Right to electricity
  • Right to hearing
  • Right to information etc
• Right to speech is protected under Article 19 for freedom of speech and expression.

• If the stars are seen to rise perpendicular to the horizon by an observer then the observer is at the equator.
• The celestial equator is an imaginary circle around the sky directly above the earth's equator.
• The celestial equator is the great circle in which the plane of the terrestrial Equator intersects the celestial sphere.
• It consequently is equidistant from the celestial poles.

Explanation based on the diagram above:

• It can be imagined through this image that the equator can be extended out into space to the stars.
• The equator that the Sun appears to cross is a projection of the Earth's equator onto the sky and is called the celestial equator.
• This may sound confusing, but the plane of the Earth's orbit around the Sun is also called the ecliptic.
• While the person standing over the equator, he/she will observe a star perpendicular to the horizon.
• If the person stays in the northern hemisphere in the wintertime, the star or Sun will appear below the equator.

Hence, the equator is the correct answer in this perspective.

Teaching materials make the learning process in teaching impressive which helps to make the process of teaching in the classroom impactful.

• Teaching aids play an important role which made the teaching well planned.
• Impressive use of teaching aids enhances the process of teaching-learning.
• Effective teaching materials help to activate the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor in students.

They used a verse or a sentence from ancient sacred texts to prove their stand.

In our solar system, all the planets have natural satellites except Mercury and Venus.

• Venus and the planet Mercury are the only two planets that don't have a single natural moon orbiting them. 
• Mercury is the first planet from the sun in the solar system as well as the smallest planet among the eight planets.
• Named after the Roman god Mercury, the planet also has the shortest orbital period around the sun due to its closeness to the sun.
• As stated earlier, the planet does not have any known natural satellites.
• Just like Mercury, Venus also does not have any known natural satellites.
• Venus is the second innermost planet from the sun in the solar system.
• The planet has an orbital period of about 243 days although its orbital direction is unlike most of the other planets.

Hence, the correct answer is Mars.

Diagnostic tests are designed to assist teachers in determining what knowledge and skills students possess in many areas in order to promote their students' learning.