Assam TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 9 (Social Science) - Assam TET MCQ

According to Ross, “Thinking is a mental activity in its cognitive aspect of mental ability with regard to the psychological object.”
According to Garrett, “Thinking is behaviour which is often implicit and hidden and in which symbols (images, ideas, and concepts) are ordinarily employed.”
Critical Thinking: The ability to apply reasoning and logic to new or unfamiliar situations, ideas, and opinions. It refers to the process of judging or analyzing facts, events, etc. It requires proper analysis, evaluation, inference, and explanation.

• Critical thinking is self-guided, self-disciplined thinking which attempts to reason at the highest level of quality in a fair-minded way.   People who think critically consistently attempt to live rationally, reasonably, and empathically.
• People use the intellectual tools that critical thinking offers – concepts and principles that enable them to analyze, assess, and improve their thinking.
• Thinking critically involves seeing and observing things in an open-minded way and examining an idea or concept in a way to form as many angles as possible.
• It can be enhanced by asking children to discuss among themselves in groups followed by sharing in a large group.

Abstract thinking is the ability to understand real concepts, such as freedom or vulnerability, but not directly tied to concrete physical objects and experiences.
So, self-guided, self-disciplined thinking which attempts to reason at the highest level of quality in a fair-minded way is called critical thinking.

Scanning is reading a text quickly in order to find specific information, e.g. figures or names. This technique is employed to locate terms and references in an index or thesaurus.

Gender:

• Gender is what we make of boys and girls.
• It is about the opportunities we give them to develop.
• It has got to do with their upbringing, socialization, culture and the role models we present for them.
• Gender is what a society and culture make of boys and girls.

Sex:

• Sex of a person indicates a boy or girl, a male or female, a man or woman.
• This distinction is based on the natural differences that exist in the body of males and females.
• These differences are biological and do not generally change.

However, if we talk about it in the Indian context, For three decades gender has been accepted as a category in the formulation of policy and curricula frameworks in India. “Gender”, “Equality” and “Empowerment” of girls have also been used as keywords in educational documents for a long as it is evident from the policy review section. “Gender” has primarily been viewed:

• As concerning only girls and women (a biological category) where
• As an isolated category, not related to other issues
• In terms of provision of equal facilities

So, we conclude that all the above-mentioned statements are correct.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Children with ADHD may be hyperactive and unable control their impulses. Or they may have trouble paying attention. These behaviors interfere with school and home life.
Reducing the time allotted to complete an assignment to make it coincide with time of attention, and increasing this time in a phased manner will be best suited to deal with attention deficit hyperactivity.

Constructivism is centered on the idea that human knowledge and learning are actively constructed by the teacher, not passively received from the environment. It is based on the theory of constructivism which holds that learning always builds upon the knowledge that a student already has.

Error: When a learner can’t master a topic, he/she is vulnerable to make errors. Errors are nothing but incorrectness made by a child during learning. 
Misconceptions: It takes place due to the mismatch in previously assimilated and newly accommodated knowledge. 
Children’s errors and misconceptions:

• are significant steps in the teaching-learning process.
• are necessary in the learning process to give insight into children's thinking.
• help the teacher to be aware of learners' learning styles, to cater them according to their needs.
• are considered as a part of the teaching-learning process as it helps to understand the child.

So, it could be concluded that children’s errors and misconceptions are a significant step in the teaching-learning process.

The knowledge of individual differences helps teachers in assessing the individual needs of all students and teaching them accordingly.
Individual differences, as the term suggests, refer to how individuals differ from each other.

• Different people have different interests; and their behavior is influenced by these interests, likings, dislikings, values and beliefs, etc.
• Understanding of individual differences helps in planning course material and training programmes. 
• Understanding of individual differences of the teachers and the taught can help in matching teaching and learning styles for better- academic results. 
• To take care of individual differences you should design your instructional activities to suit the mental level of each student.

Assessment is done to determine the outcomes (what students have learned), process (the way they learned), and their approach to the learning before, during, or after the program or course.

• During instruction, the assessment can be used to determine what students are learning so that if there is a need, the teacher can adjust their teacher.
• It is a process-oriented approach that is used to identify the areas for improvement in the learning process.

In a culturally and linguistically diverse classroom, before deciding whether a student comes under special education category, a teacher should evaluate student on his/her mother language to establish disability.

Heredity is the primary determinant of how far we can go this describes the extent of the effect of heredity upon development best.
Heredity provides a basis or potential for the development of any personality trait. Heredity influences physique, motor-sensory equipment and level of intelligence, certain diseases, and temperamental characteristics.

• Heredity is the primary determinant of how far we can go to develop the basis or potential of a child
• The bad environment can suppress good inheritance but the good environment is not a substitute for bad heredity
• Heredity sets the limit of the maximum development of a characteristic, which cannot be crossed by providing the best environment. 
• Heredity is represented by ‘genes’ and the environment is represented by any stimulation minus genes. Thus we find that our body size, the color of skin and the ceiling of our intellectual capacities are all genetically determined but the final shape of our personalities emerges through our interactions with varied physical, geographical, social, and cultural environments that envelope us. Thus the development of personality is a dynamic process.

शिक्षार्थियों के सतत् एवं समग्र मूल्यांकन (CCE) पर प्रभावी जोर राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति, 1986 में दिया गया।
शिक्षार्थियों के सतत् एवं समग्र मूल्यांकन (CCE) पर प्रभावी जोर राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति, 1986 में दिया गया। सतत और व्यापक मूल्यांकन (CCE) प्रणाली विद्यार्थियों कि विद्यालय आधारित  मूल्यांकन प्रणाली है, इसमें छात्र के विकास के सभी पहलु को रखा जाता है।

आकलन एक संवादात्मक तथा रचनात्मक प्रक्रिया माना जाता है, जिसके द्वारा शिक्षक को यह ज्ञात होता है कि विद्यार्थी का उचित अधिगम हो रहा है अथवा नहीं।

• भाषा आकलन का अर्थ है भाषा-प्रयोग की क्षमता का आकलन।
• इसका उद्देश निदानात्मक होता है, अर्थात शिक्षण अधिगम कार्याक्रम मे सुधार करना, छात्रों व शिक्षकों को पृष्ठपोषण प्रदान करना तथा छात्रों की अधिगम संबंधी कठिनाइयों को ज्ञात करना।
• भाषा शिक्षण में आकलन का आशय उन प्रक्रियाओं से हैं जिनकी सहायता से एक शिक्षक विद्यार्थियों के भाषा संबंधी समस्त कौशलों के संबंध में शिक्षण  के दौरान एवं पाठ्यक्रम की समाप्ती पर निर्णय करता है।

'प्रेम–स्वर्ग हो धरा, मधुर' में उपमा अलंकार है।
(यहाँ प्रेम को स्वर्ग के समान और धरा को मधुर बताया गया है अत: यहाँ उपमा अलंकर होगा।
जब किन्ही दो वस्तुओं के गुण, आकृति, स्वभाव आदि में समानता दिखाई जाए या दो भिन्न वस्तुओं कि तुलना कि जाए, तब वहां उपमा अलंकर होता है।
उदाहरण:-
मुख चन्द्रमा-सा सुन्दर है। (यहाँ चेहरे की तुलना चाँद से की गयी है। अत: यहाँ उपमा अलंकर होगा।)

इस कविता का मूलभाव है- उपर्युक्त सभी भाव 
(केवल यही कि कठिन दौर में भी वह न रुके, न झुके, केवल यही कि कठिन दौर में भी व्यक्ति अचल रहे, केवल यही कि व्यक्ति खून-पसीने से सन जाने के बाद भी दृढ रहे)
पद्यांश के अनुसार-

• कवि मनुष्यों को समझाते हुए कहता है
• कि जब जीवन सफल होने के लिए कठिन रास्ते पर चलने का फैसला कर लो तो मनुष्य को एक प्रतिज्ञा करनी चाहिए
• कि चाहे मंजिल तक पहुँचाने के रास्ते में कितनी भी मुश्किलें क्यों न आए
• मनुष्य को कभी भी मेहनत करने से थकेगा नहीं, कभी रुकेगा नहीं और ना ही कभी पीछे मुड़ कर देखेगा।

दिए गए विकल्पों मे उचित उत्तर विकल्प B ‘अन’ है।
‘अनमोल’ शब्द का मूल शब्द ‘मोल’ है जिसमें ‘अन’ उपसर्ग से ‘अन+मोल= अनमोल’ शब्द निर्मित हुआ है। जिसका अर्थ है – जिसका मूल्य न लगया जा सके।
‘अन’ उपसर्ग से बने अन्य शब्द हैं- अनबन, अनहानी, अनकही, अनदेखा आदि।

बहुत दिनों बाद मुझे धूप ने बुलाया से अभिप्राय "कोहरे भरे शीत के बाद धूप निकली हो" से हैं।

In the sentence, "Their life is so full of care that they have no time to stand and stare," the part of speech of 'care' is a noun.
Here, the word "care" refers to a state or condition of being worried or concerned. It is a noun that functions as the object of the preposition "of" and modifies the noun "life."
If "care" were a verb, the sentence would be structured differently.

• For example, "Their life is so full of caring that they have no time to stand and stare."
• In this sentence, "caring" is a gerund (a verb form that functions as a noun) and serves as the object of the preposition "of."

Therefore, in the original sentence, "care" is a noun that describes the quality of their life, not an action they are taking.

The statement in option (D) ‘Sense of duty is not important for the development of civilization’ is incorrect. A sense of duty is paramount for the proper development of civilization. Hypocrisy is quite reverse to the sense of duty. It involves wickedness, while duty involves sincerity and faithfulness.

'To exert themselves' means the bees are busy toiling.

Intelligence involves a number of abilities together. It is the ability to understand the incoming information and make sense of it. It is the ability to acquire new skills and use the existing knowledge to complete a task or deal with a situation. 

An adverb further describes a verb, an adjective or another adverb. Here, ‘two’ further describes the adjective ‘local’. ‘Local’ is an example of adjective because it describes the noun ‘specialities’. Another example of nouns are ‘bazaar’, ‘halwa’ and ‘roti’ Adjectives describe a noun. ‘Date’ and ‘salted’ are examples of adjectives because they describe the nouns ‘halwa’ and ‘roti’ respectively. Preposition is a word used before a noun or pronoun and expresses the relationship of that noun with other words in the sentence. ‘At’ is an example of preposition here.

The main objectives of teaching poetry at the secondary level are as follows:

• To understand and derive pleasure from the given poem.
• To appreciate the beauty of the language and the thought in the poem.
• To recite the poem with proper beats, stress, accent, intonation and
• rhythm.
• To kindle the students' imagination and develop their aesthetic sense.

The nature of these objectives, though laudable, is complimentary in the process of language learning. Only the objectives of teaching prose and fiction fulfill the needs of the learner in so far as the intensive and extensive reading skills, writing and communication skills are concerned.

The correct answer is Both A and B are true.
The answer can be decided by looking at the lines given in the second and last paragraph of the passage: 
​"Bobby and Harry Jones and Dickie Delacroix—the villagers pronounced this name “Dellacroy”—eventually made a great pile of stones in one corner of the square and guarded it against the raids of the other boys."
"Bobby Martin ducked under his mother’s grasping hand and ran, laughing, back to the pile of stones."
​From the above lines, it is clear that both statements A and B are correct.

A model is a three-dimensional, recognizable imitation of an object. A model may be the same size as the object it represents or it can be smaller or larger. It can be handled and seen from a number of angles. 

The Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India on 26 November 1949, and it came into effect on 26 January 1950. 
Some of the features that are mentioned in the Indian Constitution are:

• ​One feature of the Constitution was its adoption of universal adult franchise. All Indians above the age of 21 would be allowed to vote in state and national elections.
• A second feature of the Constitution was that it guaranteed equality before the law to all citizens, regardless of their caste or religious affiliation.
• A third feature of the Constitution was that it offered special privileges for the poorest and most disadvantaged Indians.
• The Constitution of India establishes a federal system of government.
• The Constitution of India has opted for the British Parliamentary System of Government rather than the American Presidential system of government.
• The Constitution of India guarantees six Fundamental Rights to all Citizens.

Based on the above given points, we can conclude that both the features of the Indian Constitution are correct.

The National Curriculum Framework 2005 proposes that Geography should be taught to focus on the optimum extraction and utilisation of natural resources.

The term unity in diversity relates to the state of togetherness or integrity despite the presence of infinite diversity.

• Unity in diversity is based on the concept where the individual has variations in physical qualities, skin color, castes, creed, cultural and religious traditions, etc. are not seen as a dispute.
• Rather, these differences are viewed upon as varieties that improve the society and the nation as a whole.
• Unity in India is the best model of unity in diversity because people living with various religions and cultures follow the same laws as laid down by the Constitution of India.
• V A Smith is a British Historian who called India is a land of diversity. He said, “In India, there is unity in diversity and diversity in unity.”
  • He called Samudragupta the "Napoleon of India".
  • He prepared the textbook called 'Early History of India in 1904.'

Hence, we can conclude that ​the above statement is called by V. A. Smith.

A textbook is a book used for the study of a subject. The teacher uses a textbook to learn facts and methods about a certain subject. It includes questions to test the knowledge and understanding of students.

Children find themselves unable to relate what happens in the real world with what they read in the textbooks.
"The textbooks are full of constitutional, legal and procedural details presented in a dry and abstract manner. No wonder children experience a disconnect between the theory they read in the textbook and what they see in real life around them. This is perhaps what makes Civics 'boring' for young adults in a country otherwise full of passion for politics.''

Mineral, naturally occurring solid with definite chemical composition and a highly ordered atomic arrangement. A mineral is an element or chemical compound that is normally crystalline and that has been formed as a result of geological processes.