OTET Paper 2 Mock Test - 5 (Social Science) - OTET MCQ

Rigidity is often regarded as a limitation of planning. So, it is not a principle involved in lesson planning.

A common mnemonic for remembering lists is to create an easily remembered acronym, or, taking each of the initial letters of the list members, create a memorable phrase in which the words with the same acronym act as the material. The technique mentioned in the question is one example of mnemonics.

Creativity involves thinking originally, recombining ideas in new ways and breaking away from set ways of thinking and behavior.

• When children are being creative, they will produce something. But their goal is not the finished product. Evaluation of the end product is more appropriate when working with older children and adults.
• Be open to children's suggestions about doing something different and venture with them as they explore their play material. Such an attitude will tell them that it is all right to try out something new.to experiment. Sometimes you may need to encourage children to explore and think for themselves if they seem hesitant to do so. 
• Schedule some activities each day that allows self-expression and make these activities as creative as possible to foster independence in them.
• Do not reward children for an activity that they like to do in the first place, in the absence of the reward so that it enhances the positive effect.

​Hence it is clear that all the above points encourage creativity.

एक स्मार्टबोर्ड एक ऑडियो-विजुअल सहायता है जो श्रवण और दृश्य प्रणालियों की सहायता से सीखने को अधिकतम करता है।

• कक्षाओं में स्मार्टबोर्ड शिक्षकों और छात्रों को वीडियो से लेकर टेक्स्ट से लेकर एनिमेशन और ऐप्स तक, ऑनलाइन उपलब्ध शैक्षिक संसाधनों की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला तक पहुंचने की अनुमति देता है।
• ऑडियो-विजुअल एड्स विभिन्न विषयों के बारे में जानकारी प्रदान करके शिक्षार्थी के ज्ञान को समृद्ध करने और उनके आत्मविश्वास और स्वतंत्रता को बढ़ावा देने के लिए श्रवण और दृष्टि दोनों की भावना को सक्रिय करते हैं।
• एक ऑडियो-विजुअल लर्निंग एड होने के नाते वीडियो का उपयोग पाठ को प्रभावी ढंग से प्रस्तुत करने के लिए किया जाता है जिसमें ध्वनि और चित्र दोनों शामिल होते हैं ताकि सीखने को सार्थक बनाने के लिए शिक्षार्थी की बौद्धिक क्षमताओं को बढ़ाया जा सके।

इसलिए, उपर्युक्त बिंदुओं से, यह स्पष्ट हो जाता है कि स्मार्टबोर्ड एक दृश्य-श्रव्य सहायता है।

बच्चे के विकास में मौखिक रचना भाषा में प्रवाह प्रदान करता है, व्याकरण को सही करता है तथा आत्मविश्वास का निर्माण करता है। भाषा शिक्षण में मौखिक रचनाएँ बहुत लोकप्रिय रही हैं। विचार यह है कि शिक्षक और छात्र एक साथ काम कर रहे हैं ताकि इसे लिखने से पहले मौखिक रूप से एक कथा का निर्माण किया जा सके। पूरी कक्षा के साथ रचना के निर्माण की प्रक्रिया शिक्षक और छात्रों को तनावपूर्ण उपयोग से लेकर एकजुट तत्वों आदि तक विभिन्न प्रकार की भाषा वस्तुओं पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने की अनुमति देती है। एक बार जब बच्चा मौखिक रूप से अन्य आत्मविश्वास से संवाद करता है तो मौखिक रचना व्याकरण को बहुत प्रभावित करती है। इस तरह के अभ्यास करने के बाद उन्हें भाषा में भी निपुणता प्राप्त हो जाती है।

गद्यांश के अनुसार, "कितनी सकारात्मक हमारी संस्कृति है, जिसका मूल है- जो मानव मात्र के लिए हितकारी हो, कल्याणकारी हो, वह पुन:-पुन: हमारे जीवन में आए।"
इसलिए यह निष्कर्ष निकाला जा सकता है कि जो मानव मात्र के लिए हितकारी हो, कल्याणकारी हो, वह पुन:-पुन: हमारे जीवन में आए, ये हमारी संस्कृति का मूल है।

भाषा अर्जन की अवस्थाओं के सही क्रम है- बबलाना, किलकारी मारना (कूइंग), एक शब्दीय अवस्था, टेलीग्राफ़िक वाचन तथा दो शब्दों वाली अवस्था।
जीवन के पहले कुछ वर्षों के भीतर मनुष्य भाषा के निर्माण में निम्नलिखित चरणों से गुजरते हुए प्रतीत होते हैं:

• बबलाना : बालको द्वारा स्वरों की ध्वनि का उच्चारण बबलाना कहलाता है। बालक द्वारा ई, ऐ, ऊ की आवाजे निकालना।
• कूइंग (कुंजन करना): लगभग एक महीने की उम्र में बच्चे रोने के अलावा कूकना भी शुरू कर देते हैं। यह अवस्था जन्म के 4-5 महीने बाद तक चलती है। कूइंग एक स्वर जैसी ध्वनि है, विशेष रूप से 'मू...' जैसी, जिसे जब बच्चे संतुष्ट और प्रसन्न होते हैं तो निकालते हैं।
• बड़बड़ाना (बेबीलिंग): छह से दस महीने के बीच, शिशु बड़बड़ाना शुरू कर देता है। वह 'मा', 'दा', 'की' और 'ने' जैसे अक्षरों को बार-बार दोहराते है ताकि हम "दादा...", "किकिकिकिकि...", "मम्मा..." जैसी आवाजें सुन सकें। इसे बड़बड़ाना कहते हैं।
• एक-शब्द का उच्चारण: कभी-कभी दस से बारह महीने के बीच, अक्सर पहले जन्मदिन के आसपास, शिशु पहला शब्द बोलत है। यह शब्द वयस्कों द्वारा उपयोग किए जाने वाले शब्दों से मेल नहीं खा सकता है। उदाहरण के लिए उनके पहले शब्द में आमतौर पर एक शब्दांश - मा या दा होता है। धीरे-धीरे वे एक या एक से अधिक शब्दों तक पहुच जाते हैं।
• टेलीग्राफ़िक वाचन: भाषा विज्ञान और मनोविज्ञान के अनुसार टेलीग्राफिक भाषण, बच्चों में भाषा अधिग्रहण के दो-शब्द के संक्षिप्त और कुशल भाषण की अवस्था है। जिन शब्दों का वे उच्चारण नहीं कर सकते, उनके बदले में वे दूसरे शब्द काम में ले आते हैं। पानी के लिए मम्मा कहते हैं, चिड़िया को चू चू और कुत्ते को तू तू कहते हैं।
• दो शब्दों के उच्चारण: धीरे -धीरे, 1.5 से 2.5 वर्ष की आयु के बीच, बच्चे दो शब्दों के उच्चारण बनाने के लिए एकल शब्दों को जोड़ना शुरू कर देते हैं। इस प्रकार वाक्य रचना की समझ शुरू होती है। जैसे- टाटा, दादा, मामा आदि।
• बुनियादी वयस्क वाक्य संरचना (लगभग 4 वर्ष की आयु तक), निरंतर शब्दावली अधिग्रहण के साथ शब्दावली तेजी से विकसित होती है। यह लगभग 2 वर्ष की आयु में 300 शब्दों तक और तीन वर्ष की आयु में लगभग 1000 शब्दों तक तिगुनी से अधिक हो जाती है। लगभग अविश्वसनीय, 4 साल की उम्र तक, बच्चे वयस्क वाक्य रचना और भाषा संरचना का आधार हासिल कर लेते हैं।

ज्ञान- बोध, इल्म, जानकारी, परिचय, विवेक, आत्मज्ञान।
विलोम शब्द- अज्ञान 
कवि ने गीतों से लेकर किताबों तक फैले ज्ञान के महत्व का वर्णन किया हैं। 

A large number of robots carrying out the whole manufacturing process is a smart factory.

• The given passage is about Artificial Intelligence.
• Let us refer to the line from the passage, " Industry  4.0  creates what has been called a ‘smart factory’ wherein a large number of robots take forward the whole manufacturing process with the help of cyber-physical systems,  IoT and cloud computing".
• From the given passage we get to know that many robots carry out the whole manufacturing process with the help of cyber-physical systems. This is termed as a 'smart factory'. 

So, 'a large number of robots carrying out the whole manufacturing process​' is the correct option.

Language is a symbolic, rule-governed system, shared by a group of people to express their thoughts and feelings. These rules are the set of conventions that organize their proper use and dictate how words relate to one another. Some of these rules that govern a language include morpheme, phonetics, syntax, semantic, etc. 

• The given blank needs to be filled with a suitable word.
• Here the sentence is about summative assessment that includes "written assessment" only.
• Written assessment: Writing assessment refers to an area of study that contains theories and practices that guide the evaluation of a writer's performance or potential through a writing task.
• Other options are incorrect here because they do not fit in the context.
• Hence, the complete sentence is: "Summative assessment includes written assessment".

Language teaching is less about the school and more about the process of learning English. The modern approach to all language learning and teaching is the scientific one and is based on sound linguistic principles.
Principle of Graded Patterns:

• “To teach a language is to impart a new system of complex habits, and habits are acquired slowly.” So, language patterns should be taught gradually, in cumulative graded steps.
• This means the teacher should go on adding each new element or pattern to previous ones. New patterns of language should be introduced and practiced with vocabulary that students already know.

A diverse classroom refers to a learning environment where students come from different cultural, linguistic, ethnic, religious, socio-economic and/or academic backgrounds.

• The students in a diverse classroom may have different learning needs, abilities, and styles. Therefore, teaching in a diverse classroom requires teachers to have a range of instructional strategies that can cater to the diverse needs of students.

Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) refers to a system of school-based evaluation of students that covers all aspects of students' development.

• CCE was introduced by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) in India to evaluate the student’s development in all aspects throughout the academic year on a continuous basis.
• The objective of CCE is to make evaluation an integral part of learning through diagnostic and remedial teaching.
• CCE helps improve student’s performance by identifying his/her learning difficulties at regular intervals right from the beginning of the academic session and employing suitable remedial measures for enhancing their learning performance.

CCE describes two different types of evaluations which include summative and formative assessment/evaluation.

• "Summative Evaluation", commonly known as  "Assessment of Learning" is a type of evaluation which:
  • measures, certifies, and reports the level of students' learning by assessing them at the end of the term.
  • produces an accurate description of students' potential and achievement to promote them to the next grades.
• "Formative evaluation", commonly known as "Assessment for Learning" is a type of evaluation which: 
  • monitor the child's progress throughout the teaching-learning process and improve students' academic achievements.
  • diagnoses and removes the learning difficulties of students with appropriate strategies.

So, it becomes clear that Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation includes both formative and summative assessments using a wide variety of strategies.

Language teaching refers to a process whereby a child gains communicative comprehension or fluency over a language. It involves practice by learners where facilitation is provided by a teacher. There are several methods of English language teaching and the Communicative Approach is one of them.
The communicative approach is a method of language teaching which makes learners 'linguistic competence' by involving them in real communication.
It highlights the importance of real communication for learning to take place rather than emphasizing writing skills and grammatical aspects of communication.
In the communicative approach to ELT, development of language learning or teaching involves a shift from form-based to a meaning-based approach as it:

• aims to strengthen fluency, not the accuracy.
• promotes learners to encounter with real life situations.
• focuses on communication rather than grammatical structures.
• emphasizes the functional use of language in the real context.
• prepares the learners for meaningful and authentic communicative activity.
• lays emphasis on using language to communicate meaningfully in the target language.

So, we can conclude that the term 'linguistic competence' is associated with the Communicative approach to ELT.

Once the results of legislative assembly elections are out and a political party or alliance gets a majority stake, the MLAs of the said party/coalition sit and elect a head for them.

An assignment must reflect originality. The teaching of Social Sciences must adopt methods that promote creativity. This answer is correct.

• Paramahansa Mandali was a confidential socio-religious group, founded in 1840, in Bombay.
• The motive behind the start of the Paramhans Mandali was the ending of the caste system.
• Samaj in Bombay was the Paramahamsa Sabha, a confidential community started in 1849 for discussion, the singing of hymns, and the sharing of a communal meal cooked by a low-caste cook.
• Creators of these Mandli worship one God.
• They were mainly focused on breaking caste rules. 

• In the Indian single integrated judicial system, the High Court operates below the Supreme Court but above the subordinate courts.
• The High Court occupies the top position in the judicial administration of a state.
• At present, there are 25 High Courts in the country.
• Appointment of Judges of High Court: 
  • ​The judges of a High Court are appointed by the President.
  • The chief justice is appointed by the President after consultation with the chief justice of India and the governor of the state concerned.
  • For the appointment of other judges, the Chief Justice of the concerned high court is also consulted.
• Removal of Judges of High Court:
  • ​The grounds of removal are two—proved misbehavior or incapacity.
  • Thus, a judge of a High Court can be removed in the same manner and on the same grounds as a judge of the Supreme Court.
• Salaries:
  • ​Salaries and Emoluments of Judges of High Court are charged on Consolidated fund of States (not on Consolidated Fund of India).
  • However, Pensions of Judges of High Court are charged on Consolidated Fund of India.

The study of social science encompasses a wide range of information and is concerned with how people behave in social settings.

Application refers to the ability to use learned material in new and concrete situations. This may include the application of such things as rules, methods, concepts, principles, laws, and theories. The general instructional objective in the 'application' domain includes construction of charts and graphs by the student.

Conducting surveys by students will provide them with primary information, which will be unbiased. Hence, they will understand the role of various issues from their own first-hand experience.

Our constitution provides safeguards to religious and linguistic minorities as part of our Fundamental Rights.

• The term minority is most commonly used to refer to communities that are numerically small in relation to the rest of the population.
• However, it is a concept that goes well beyond numbers.
• It encompasses issues of power, access to resources and has social and cultural dimensions.
• The Indian Constitution recognized that the culture of the majority influences the way in which society and government might express themselves.
• In such cases, size can be a disadvantage and lead to the marginalization of the relatively smaller communities.
• Thus, safeguards are needed to protect minority communities against the possibility of being culturally dominated by the majority.
• They also protect them against any discrimination and disadvantage that they may face.

Thus, we can conclude that A) is false, but B) is true.

‘Social and political life (SPL)’ is a new learning area of social science curriculum at the upper primary stage replacing the earlier learning area of ‘Civics’. NCF (2005) remarked that “Civics appeared in the Indian school curriculum in the colonial period against the background of increasing ‘disloyalty’ among Indians towards the Raj. Emphasis on obedience and loyalty were the key features of civics”.

The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was founded at Delhi.

• Revolutionary nationalists such as Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Sukhdev and others wanted to fight against colonial rule and the rich exploiting classes through a revolution of workers and peasants.
• For this purpose, they founded the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928 at Ferozeshah Kotla in Delhi. 
• In 1928, the HRA underwent a significant transformation and was renamed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) to reflect the socialist ideology that had taken root among its members.
• The HSRA was committed to the idea of armed revolution as a means of achieving Indian independence.
• Its members carried out a number of high-profile acts of political violence, including the assassination of British police officer John Saunders in 1928, and the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi in 1929.

Hence we conclude that the correct answer is Delhi.

There are different approaches to teaching social sciences. While some approaches to teaching are subject-oriented and teacher-centered, others are learner-centric in nature.

The radio waves transmitted from the Earth are reflected back to the Earth by ionosphere, which occupies the same region of the upper atmosphere as the thermosphere. So option 4 is the correct answer.

This is the correct answer. Gender stereotyping is the practice of ascribing to an individual woman or man specific attributes, characteristics, or roles by reason only of her or his membership in the social group of women or men. The gender stereotypes in society must be addressed meaningfully, so as to provide a good message to the students.

A manipulative skill is one in which a child handles an object with the hands, feet, or other body parts. So, laboratory method is the best option.

The Munda are an Adivasi ethnic group originated in the Chota Nagpur Plateau region of Northeast India.