UP TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 7 (Science and Mathematics) - UPTET MCQ

Children with learning disabilities have confusion between letters and alphabets that look alike. "Learning disability" is an "umbrella" term describing a number of other, more specific learning disabilities, such as dyslexia and dysgraphia.

We don't know about the age of the individual. The physical age of the child is compared to the intellectual performance of the child, based on performance in tests and live assessments by a psychologist. The physical age is not given, so nothing can be determined.

Eight Intellectual Levels or Eight Conditions of Learning:

• Signal learning: The learner makes a general response to a signal.
• Stimulus-response learning: The learner makes a precise response to a signal.
• Chaining: The connection of a set of individual stimulus and responses in a sequence.
• Verbal association: The learner makes associations using verbal connections.
• Discrimination Learning: The learner makes different responses to different stimuli that are somewhat alike.
• Concept learning: The learner develops the ability to make a generalized response based on a class of stimuli.
• Rule learning: A rule is a chain of concepts linked to demonstrated behaviour.
• Problem-solving: The learner discovers a combination of previously learned rules and applies them to solve a novel situation.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that proper prerequisites are not a type of learning according to Gagne’s Theory of Learning.

Divergent thinking is a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.

Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget was the most well known and influential theorist for cognitive development. Piaget was interested in how children reacted to their environments.

• He envisioned a child's knowledge as composed of schemas, the basic unit of knowledge used to organize past experiences and serve as a basis for understanding new ones.
• Development is influence the most when a child's experiences interact with his physical environment.
• These processes are influenced by the child's experience and activity, social interactions, and biological process of becoming mature (maturation).
• They perform all activities and think within the framework of their socio-cultural environment. Therefore, their developmental processes can be only understood by studying children's (or people's) interactions with their culture.
• Interaction of physical factors such as temperature, humidity, pollution, and natural disasters on human behavior. The influence of the physical arrangement of the workplace on health, the emotional state, and interpersonal relations are also investigated.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that according to Piaget, experience with the physical world plays an important role in influencing development.

गद्यांश के अनुसार, "प्रेम आत्मा का भोजन है, प्रेम परमात्मा की ऊर्जा है जिससे प्रकृति का सारा सृजन होता है।"
इसलिए, यह निष्कर्ष निकाला जा सकता है कि प्रकृति का सृजन प्रेम की ऊर्जा से होता है।

बच्चा जब दुनिया में आता है तो सबसे पहले माँ के सम्पर्क में आता है। इस तरह बच्चा जिस भी भाषा को सुनना व प्रयोग करना सीखता है वह अपनी माँ से सीखता है।

• इस तरह मातृभाषा मां और घर के माहौल से सीखी जाने वाली सबसे पहली भाषा है।

पद्यांश के अनुसार,
"मैं बढ़ता अविराम निरंतर तन-मन में उन्माद लिए,
फिर मुझको क्या डरा सकेंगे, ये बादल-विद्युत नर्तन।"
कविता की इन पंक्तियों में प्रश्न में पूछे गए अर्थ की पुष्टि हो रही हैI

निम्नलिखित विकल्पों में 'तृण’ शब्द तत्सम है जिसका तद्भव शब्द ‘घास’ है। 
ठठेरा देशज शब्द है, घड़ी तद्भव शब्द है, और घाट तद्भव शब्द है।

स्वतंत्र लेखन: स्वतंत्र लेखन का अर्थ अंतर्ज्ञान, व्यक्तिगत अवलोकन और अनुभव से लिखना है।
इस स्तर पर, शिक्षार्थी विभिन्न संरचनाओं, शब्दावली और शाब्दिक वस्तुओं को चुनने के लिए स्वतंत्र हैं और अपने स्वयं के विचारों को व्यक्त करते हैं। इसलिए इस प्रकार की रचना को मुक्त रचना कहा जाता है।
मुक्त रचना में पर्याप्त अभ्यास विद्यार्थियों को घटनाओं का वर्णन करने और रोजमर्रा की जिंदगी पर रिपोर्ट लिखने में सक्षम बनाता है।
स्वतंत्र रचना में व्यक्ति अपनी भाषा का उपयोग करने के लिए स्वतंत्र होता है।
लेखक की स्वतंत्र लेखन​ प्रकृति - उसकी भावनाओं, संवेगों, भाषा के अलंकार का ज्ञान, भाषा का प्रवाह, विचारों के संगठन, उसकी पसंद और नापसंद, आदि की जाँच करता है।
उच्च कक्षाओं में, विद्यार्थियों को मुक्त रचना लिखने के लिए प्रोत्साहित किया जाता है।
स्वतंत्र रचना के कुछ प्रकार है - यात्रा वृत्तान्त, प्रकृति वर्णन, जीवनी लेखन आदि।
अतः विकल्प (C) सही  है।

The bus broke down on the ghat road.
Here, 'break down' means 'stopped due to mechanical failure' because 'break down' means 'stop operating or functioning'.

Coherence refers to the network of relationships that obtains among the different ideas and concepts dealt with in a given text. Surface-level cohesive devices, on the other hand, account for the ways in which components of the text are bound with each other.

The Grammar-Translation Method does not emphasize spoken English.
Teaching method: Different teaching methods are used by teachers as per the requirements of students. For choosing the one, the teacher may classify students based on their abilities (ability grouping) or he can choose it based on the compatibility of the topic.
Grammar-Translation Method: The grammar-translation method is not based on any theory of language teaching, but its roots can be traced to the way classical languages such as Latin and Greek were taught.

• The vocabulary is taught through bilingual word lists and there was a lot of stress on the memorization of words.
• In the Grammar - Translation Method, English is greatly emphasized but not spoken.
• Students are given lists of target language vocabulary words with their native language equivalents and are asked to memorize them.
• Grammatical accuracy is given great importance.
• Word to word translation in the mother tongue is considered an effective way of learning the target language.

NOTE: In Grammar - Translation Method, emphasizing spoken English is not considered an effective way of learning the target language

The statement "Children should be asked to do written work" will be the least important to the language teacher.
Language teachers create an environment that is conducive to learning in the following ways:

• Providing different kinds of material so that they can learn concepts with ease and efficiency.
• Using every possible area of the room to create an atmosphere that encourages participation and learning.
• Creating a positive atmosphere conducive to learning is to develop a positive classroom climate and culture. 
• Making children feel free to express themselves as it provides them the opportunities to communicate in context.
• Maintaining a neat and organized environment that is conducive to learning is getting the students to cooperate.
• Respecting learners' mother tongue so that it could promote the cognitive flexibilities to express the thought in multiple ways.

In a live oral presentation, the audience cannot re-read or skip ahead. There are some students who learn by reading or are visual learners. If they cannot read the things that have been presented to them, their attention will wander and it will be hard to get it back. So, oral presentation must be followed by reading off the blackboard.

Paragraph 5 mentions that Karwar is famous as an erstwhile harbour. Paragraph 1 mentions as to how the Karavali stretch has the Western Ghats on the east and the Arabian Sea on the west. Paragraph 2 mentions that salted roti and date halwa are a local cuisine of Bhatkal region. So, option C is incorrect. Paragraph 6 mentions how Devbhag beach with its beautiful beach is a romantic hideaway for couples. All the statements except C is mentioned in the passage. 

• Together: in or into one place, mass, collection, or group
  Example: Our students study together, share ideas, and seed new opportunities for future collaboration.
• Solely: without another
  Example: You will be held solely responsible for any damage.

​Thus, "solely" is the most opposite in meaning to "together".

Using (a² - b²) identity,
= 
= 
=  = 101/150

Mitochondria: 

• Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles present in all eukaryotic cells' cytoplasm.
• Typically it is sausage-shaped or cylindrical having a diameter of 0.2-1.0µm (average 0.5µm) and length 1.0-4.1µm.
• Each mitochondrion is a double membrane-bound structure with the outer membrane and the inner membrane dividing its lumen distinctly into two aqueous compartments, i.e. the outer compartment and the inner compartment.
• The inner compartment is filled with a dense homogeneous substance called the matrix.
• The outer membrane forms the continuous limiting boundary of the organelle. The inner membrane forms a number of infoldings called the cristae

Mitochondria for aerobic respiration:

• Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration.
• They produce cellular energy in the form of ATP, hence they are called ‘power houses’ of the cell.
• A series of chemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm as breakdown products from food digestion find their way into the cell.
• This allows some of the energy stored up in these items to be released and integrated into ATP, the cell's universal energy source (adenosine triphosphate).
• The remaining molecular fragments from this phase then reach the mitochondria, where they are converted to carbon dioxide and water through a complex sequence of steps.
• The energy that has been trapped in these fragments is converted into more ATP.
• The cell can then use the ATP molecules generated in this way to provide the energy it requires to work.
• To function, ATP is made up of ADP + P + energy.
• The overall chemical reaction that occurs when glucose is broken down is:

C₆H₁₂O₆ +  6O₂  → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O +  ATP (energy)   

When ozone levels decrease below 200 DU, the condition generally qualifies as an ozone hole. The ozone hole is not technically a hole where no ozone is present, but is actually a region of exceptionally depleted ozone in the stratosphere over the Antarctic that happens at the beginning of Southern Hemisphere spring (August–October).

• A honey bee is a flying insect well known for its ability to produce honey by collecting nectar from flowers.
• Hence the name honey bee.

About Honey bees:

• Honeybees are attracted to flowers.  
• Honey bees live in a beehive, which is commonly used to describe the nest of any bee colony.
• Honeybees lay their eggs from October to December.
• Honey bees like to feed on sugar syrup.
• Every bee colony consists of three types of bees:
  • Queen Bee: Every beehive has one Queen Bee that lays eggs.
  • Male Bee: There are only a few males in the hive. The male bees have no special role as workers. 
  • Worker Bee: Most of the bees in the hive are worker-bees. These bees work all day. They make the hive and also look after the baby bees. They fly around flowers in search of nectar. The worker bees are very important for the hive. Without worker-bees, there would be neither hive nor any nectar collection.
• When one bee finds flowers with nectar, it does a special kind of dance by which the other bees can know where the nectar is. 
• Honey bees play a very important role in the pollination of flowers like the Litchi, coffee, and cocoa flower.

Thus, ​
Statement A): The male honey bee flies around flowers in search of nectar: Incorrect
Statement B): Honey bees lay their eggs from October to December: Correct
Hence, A) is false, but B) is true.

One Astronomical Unit is now defined as exactly 149597870700 metres.

Conduction: 

• The heat transfer through direct physical contact is known as conduction.
• Heat transferred from one end to other end is called conduction. 
• Heat transfer through conduction can only happen in conductors of heat like iron, copper etc. 
• Heat transfer do not take place across insulators like wood, plastic etc. 

Radiation: 

• When electromagnetic radiation is emitted or absorbed to transfer the heat or When heat is transferred in the form of electromagnetic waves is known as radiation.
• Electromagnetic radiation includes microwaves, radio waves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, gamma rays, and X-rays.
• The method does not require any medium so heat from the sun reaches us by this method.

Convection

• It is heat transfer by the movement of its molecules.
• It occurs only in fluids (liquid and gas) not in solids because solid particles can not move from one place to another.
• For example, in a pot boiling water on the stove, or in thunderstorms, where hot air rises up to the base of the clouds.

An explorer is a person who travels and investigates little known places to gain new knowledge.

Mathematics is a study of patterns, numbers, geometrical objects, data, and information. It deals with data analysis, integration of various fields of knowledge, deductive and inductive reasoning, and generalizations.

• It involves the mathematization of thoughts that develops through mathematical reasoning which consists of abstract statements and their proofs.
• Mathematical reasoning includes the critical and analytical thinking of an individual that will help in dealing with abstractions of mathematics.

Problem-solving is a mental process and is part of the larger problem process that includes problem finding and problem shaping. It has been defined as a higher-order cognitive process that requires the modulation and control of more routine or fundamental skills.

• Problem-solving is not just about correcting the problem, it is a permanent solution to eliminate the source of the problem so that the problem does not occur again.

"Let no one enter my class who is ignorant of Geometry" was said by Plato.

While there are many different strategies that can be used to support children's learning in this area, providing opportunities for children to work with manipulatives and real-life situations is particularly effective.

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis FRS (29 June, 1893 - 28 June, 1972) was an Indian scientist and applied statistician. He is best remembered for the Mahalanobis distance, a statistical measure and for being one of the members of the first Planning Commission of free India. Prof. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis is also known as the father of Indian Statistics. He was a physicist by training, a statistician by instinct and a planner by conviction.

For the option 3, the subjectivity question is very least because there is only one answer to this question.