UP TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 10 (Science and Mathematics) - UPTET MCQ

Bruner's theory is a general framework for instruction based upon the study of cognition. The main aim was that instruction should be designed to facilitate extrapolation and/or fill in the gaps.

Disadvantaged students are those belonging to the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, and minority groups. The children from these categories come to school with a disadvantaged tag with them and as a result, they become easy prey to differential treatment by the teacher and their classmates.

• The disadvantaged section refers to not just low income but also encompasses lower educational achievement, poverty, poor health, financial insecurities, etc.

Focussing too much on the result will actually have an adverse effect and will add to the anxiety quotient. Focussing on process rather than outcome is a much better strategy.

Critical Thinking: Critical thinking is a process that is way beyond mental exercise. It ensembles the various mechanisms of reasoning which enable us to, analyze, synthesize, process, and evaluate the information.

Fear is an emotion that creates high levels of anxiety in a person and causes the loss of courage in a person.

• Fear of failure makes a person scared of failing. It commonly happens to the students. The reason for such fear is due to peer pressure, focusing on the outcome rather than concentrating on the learning.
• It even damages the mental and emotional state. Sometimes the fear overpowers the students in such a manner that they even commit drastic measures.
• Children should be counseled and should be made to understand that failure and errors are natural in the process of learning and they should not focus on failure or success, rather they should put effort into developing their concepts.
• Understanding of errors is necessary in the learning process to give insight into children's thinking. It helps the teacher to be aware of learners' learning styles, to cater to them according to their needs.

​Thus, it is concluded that the 'fear of failure' needs to be discouraged in children within a classroom because failure and errors are a natural part of children's learning.

मौन पठन, पठन का एक प्रकार जिसमें लिखित सामग्री को बिना आवाज किए भावार्थ को समझते हुए पढ़ना शामिल होता है। यह दो प्रकार का होता है-
व्यापक या द्रुत पठन
व्यापक या द्रुत पठन में पाठक अपनी रुचि के विषय की सामान्य समझ प्राप्त करने के लिए केवल सरसरी दृष्टि से कई प्रकार की पुस्तकों, समाचार पत्रों, पत्रिकाओं आदि को पढ़ता है।
द्रुत पठन मस्ती, मनोरंजन और आनंद के लिए पढ़ा जाता है, साथ ही किसी चीज़ की बुनियादी समझ हासिल करने के लिए। 
बालक द्वारा अपने रूचिकर उपन्यास को पढ़ने में मौन पठन (द्रुत पठन) का उपयोग करता है।
गहन पठन
इसके विपरीत, गहन पढ़ने का संबंध कक्षा सीखने से है, जिसमें छात्र को विषय को गहराई से समझने के लिए कई बार कुछ पाठ पढ़ने के लिए मजबूर किया जाता है।
विशेष तथ्यों को समझने के लिए गहन पठन की आवश्यकता होती है, जैसे किसी विशेष सूचना की जानकारी के बारे में पढ़ना।
नौकरी संबंधी विज्ञापन में दी गयी सूचना का पठन इसके अन्तर्गत आता है।
अतः निष्कर्ष निकलता है कि समाचार-पत्र की मुख्य पंक्तियों पर सरसरी दृष्टि डालना सरसरी दृष्टि से देखना प्रकार का पठन है।
अतः विकल्प (D) सही  है।

भाषा मुख से उच्चारित होने वाली वह ध्वनि है जिसका प्रयोग मनुष्य अपने मन के विचारों का आदान-प्रदान करने के लिए करता है। यह बच्चों में दक्षता के साथ सहज अभिव्यक्ति के विकास को सुनिश्चित करता है।
भाषा एक औजार है जिसका उपयोग निम्न रूप से किया जाता है:

• जिंदगी के अनुभवों को साझा करने के लिए
• भाषा जिंदगी से जुड़ने के लिए सहायक है  
• भाषा जिंदगी को समझने के लिए उपयोगी है 
• भाषा जीवन जगत को प्रस्तुत करने के लिए सहायक है 
• जीवन संबंधी मनन और विचार शक्ति के विकास के लिए

अतः हम कह सकते है कि भाषा कठोरता से व्‍याकरणिक नियमों का अनुसरण करती है, कथन भाषा की प्रकृति के सम्‍बन्‍ध में उचित नहीं है।

अभिव्यक्ति से तात्पर्य मन के विचारों को स्वतंत्र रूप से खुल कर अभिव्यक्ति करने से है। मौखिक अभिव्यक्ति से तात्पर्य मन के विचारों को स्वतंत्र रूप से बोल कर अभिव्यक्त करने से है तथा लिखित अभिव्यक्ति के अन्तर्गत विषयानुकूल लेखन एवं अपने विचारों भावों को लिखित रूप में समझापाने का कौशल आता है।

कवि नारी को पुरुष के बंधन से मुक्त कराना चाहता है।
पद्यांश के अनुसार: कवि नारी को पुरुष के बंधन से मुक्त कराना चाहता है। वह उसके जननी, सखी व प्रिया रूप का उल्लेख करता है, क्योंकि पुरुष का संबंध उसके साथ माँ, दोस्त व पत्नी के रूप में होता है।

Piaget was born in Switzerland. He was a student of biology and also had a keen interest in psychology and philosophy. His interest in the study of cognition evolved while working in a laboratory.

"She is so weak and so she cannot walk."
It will be the correct answer because a complex sentence is a sentence that combines one independent clause with at least one dependent clause. Here, 'she is so weak' is the independent clause and 'so she cannot walk' is the dependent clause.

Language teaching refers to a process whereby a child gains communicative comprehension or fluency over a language. It involves practice by learners where facilitation is provided by a teacher. There are several methods of English language teaching and the Communicative Approach is one of them.
The communicative approach is a method of language teaching which makes learners 'linguistic competence' by involving them in real communication.
It highlights the importance of real communication for learning to take place rather than emphasizing writing skills and grammatical aspects of communication.
In the communicative approach to ELT, development of language learning or teaching involves a shift from form-based to a meaning-based approach as it:

• aims to strengthen fluency, not the accuracy.
• promotes learners to encounter with real life situations.
• focuses on communication rather than grammatical structures.
• emphasizes the functional use of language in the real context.
• prepares the learners for meaningful and authentic communicative activity.
• lays emphasis on using language to communicate meaningfully in the target language.

So, we can conclude that the term 'linguistic competence' is associated with the Communicative approach to ELT.

The appropriate word group of "fit as a fiddle" is an adjective phrase and indicates being in very good health.

Accumulate: To increase over a period of time. Example - Investigators have yet to accumulate enough evidence.
Dissipate: to slowly become less until it disappears or to (cause to) gradually disappear or waste. Example - The morning sun dissipated the fog. 
Let's see the meaning of the options given.

Erstwhile means old or of the past. So, former is a synonym of erstwhile. Renowned means famous. Large means big or huge. Present is opposite in meaning to erstwhile. 

Option 2 is correct as this is a polite and correct way to request someone to not to do something. Option 1 is rude and offensive and options 3 and 4 are grammatically incorrect expressions.

Error: When a learner can’t master on a language, he is vulnerable to make errors. Errors are nothing but grammatically incorrect word, phrase, sentence, or structure. During second language acquisition, it is seen that students generally commit errors. So, the following should be noted:

• When the goal is learning, indeed the errors should be corrected.
• At the time of speaking (when learning is over), errors can be avoided to avoid interruptions.
• Those errors should be corrected which impedes the intelligibility of the message, or frequently repeated, or that causes unfavourable reactions.
• It can be corrected directly or using the discovery form.

Hence, we conclude that errors should be corrected when the goal is learning.

Here, erratic means unpredictable.
Right means proper and expected. So, it is the opposite word to 'erratic'.

Average speed:

• The average speed is the total distance traveled by the object in a particular time interval.
• The average speed is a scalar quantity.
• It is represented by the magnitude and does not have direction.​
• Formula, average speed, s_avg = total distance/total time

Average velocity:​

• It is defined as the change in position or displacement (∆x) divided by the time intervals (∆t) in which the displacement occurs.
• Formula, average velocity, v_avg  = Δx/Δt
• The average velocity can be positive or negative depending upon the sign of the displacement.
• Average velocity is a vector quantity.
• The SI unit of average velocity is meters per second (m/s).

Instantaneous speed and instantaneous velocity:

• Instantaneous velocity is defined as the rate of change of position for a time interval that is very small (almost zero). 
• Instantaneous speed is the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity.
• It has the same value as that of instantaneous velocity but does not have any direction.

Given:
83¹⁷ + 52¹⁷ + 84¹⁷ + 53¹⁷ is divided by 68
Concept used:
aⁿ + bⁿ is divided by (a + b) when n is an odd number.
Calculation:
83¹⁷ + 52¹⁷ + 84¹⁷ + 53¹⁷
= (83¹⁷ + 53¹⁷) + (52¹⁷ + 84¹⁷)
Here, n = 17 is an odd number
Also, 83 + 53 = 52 + 84 = 136
The whole number is divisible by 136
So, the whole number is divisible by 68  [∵ 136 = 68 × 2]
Since the whole number is divisible by 68 the remainder must be 0
∴ The remainder is 0.

• The reactivity of elements towards water decreases towards the right in a period.
• It also increases down the group.
• Zinc is more reactive than Iron because Zn is more electropositive than Fe. Also, Number of electrons and atomic size of Zn is more than that of Fe.
• Hence the correct order is:

Iron< Zinc< Magnesium< Sodium

• Magnification produced by a spherical mirror or lens gives the relative extent to which an object is magnified with respect to the object's size.
• Magnification is the ratio of the objective's focal length to the eyepiece's focal length.

The given expression becomes 300000 + 4000 + 700 + 5 = 304705
Hence, answer option 3 is correct.

It is imperative to say that the classroom environment created by the prospective teachers allows the learners to raise such questions coming to their mind. Teaching-learning situations are driven by learners' questions, rather than teachers' instructions. The effectiveness of the learning strands in empowering the prospective teachers for science practices has been investigated from the responses of the learners. A huge percentage of the learner responses indicates sharing of 'what they learn' with others. Also, a science teacher should summarise and assess the learners' ideas at the end of the discussion.

The concept of micro-teaching is a training concept that can be applied at various pre-service and in-service stages in the professional development of teachers.

Open-ended questions are those which require more thought and more than a simple one-word answer. Thus, option (2) best describes the example of an open-ended question.

These types of activities help the child to identify the relation between number pattern and shapes.