PS TET Paper 2: English Language Test - 4 (Science and Mathematics) - PS TET MCQ

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows.
Africa was once filled with an abundance of wild animals. But, that is changing fast. One of these animals, the black rhinoceros, lives on the plains of Africa. It has very poor eyesight and a very bad temper! Even though the black rhino is powerful, and can be dangerous, its strength cannot always help it to escape hunters. Some people think that the rhino’s horn has magical powers and many hunters kill rhinos for their valuable horns. This has caused the black rhino to be placed on the endangered species list. The elephant seems to represent all that is strong and wild in Africa. It once had no natural enemies, but is now endangered—killed for its ivory tusks. Wherever people are careless about the land, there are endangered species. Grizzly bears like to wander great distances. Each bear needs up to 1,500 square miles of territory to call its homeland. Today, because forests have been cleared to make room for people, the grizzly’s habitat is shrinking and the grizzly is disappearing. It joins other endangered North American animals, such as the red wolf and the American crocodile.
In South America, destruction of the rain forest threatens many animals. Unusual mammals, such as the howler monkey and the three-toed sloth, are endangered. Beautiful birds like the great green macaw and the golden parakeet are also becoming extinct. They are losing their homes in the rain forest and thousands die when they are caught and shipped off to be sold as exotic pets. The giant panda of Asia is a fascinating and unique animal. Yet, there are only about 1,000 still living in the wild. The giant panda’s diet consists mainly of the bamboo plant, so when the bamboo forests die, so does the panda. China is now making an effort to protect these special creatures from becoming extinct. Unfortunately, it is people who cause many of the problems that animals face. We alter and pollute their habitats. We hunt them for skins, tusks, furs and horns. We destroy animals that get in the way of farming or building. And we remove them from their natural habitats and take them home as pets.

Q. Which of the following questions is not a valid question?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 
Nature is an infinite source of beauty. Sunrise and sunset, mountains and rivers, lakes and glaciers, forests and fields provide joy and bliss to the human mind and heart for hours together. Everything in nature is splendid and divine. Every day and every season of the year has a peculiar beauty to unfold. Only one should have eyes to behold it and a heart to feel it like the English poet William Wordsworth who after seeing daffodils said: And then my heart with pleasure fills and dances with the daffodils?
Nature is a great teacher. Early man was thrilled with the beauty and wonders of nature. The Aryans worshipped nature. One can learn lessons in the vast school of nature. Unfortunately, the strife, the stress and the tension of modern life have made people immune to the beauties of nature. Their life is so full of care that they have no time to stand and stare. They cannot enjoy the beauty of lowing rivers, swinging trees, flying birds and majestic mountains and hills. There is, however, a cry to go back to the village from the concrete and artificial jungle of cities. Hence the town planners of today pay special attention to providing enough natural scenic spots in town planning To develop a balanced personality, one needs to have a healthy attitude which can make us appreciate and enjoy the beauty of nature. There is another balm to soothe our tired souls and listless minds than the infinite nature all around us. We should enjoy it fully to lead a balanced and harmonious life, full of peace and tranquility.

Q. In the sentence, "Their life is so full of care that they have no time to stand and stare," what is the part of speech of 'care'?

Direction: In the question given below, there are two statements labeled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the number codes provided below:
Assertion (A): Anju, a language teacher was telling stories and when she finished the story, she asked the students to tell the story again in their own words.
Reason (R): Retelling is the best method for evaluating listening comprehension. It requires listeners to summarize a story from their own perception.
Choose the correct answer from the following code:

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the question that follows by selecting the most appropriate option.
The scene presented by a community of bees is the more astonishing, the more we become acquainted with its details. Each hive is a commonwealth, of which the queen is nominally the head, receiving the greatest honour and care from her industrious subjects. With a greater wisdom than can be claimed by men, these creatures allow no disputes about the succession to the throne to induce them to injure each other; but they require the parties themselves individually to settle the quarrel between each other, without prolonged interference with the duties of the hive. Indeed, they may be said with truth to have adopted the advice: Let those who make the quarrels, be the only ones to fight. Only one queen is permitted to hold office in the community at a time; but while her claims are undisputed, she is treated with singular respect and affection. Indeed, her presence, and the prospect of a future generation, appear the chief motives of the insects to exert themselves.

Q. 'To exert themselves' means the bees are

Read the following passage carefully.
Discursive writing refers to a style of writing that presents a balanced argument by considering various points of view. This type of writing allows the writer to explore different perspectives and draw conclusions based on evidence and reasoning. Discursive writing provides an opportunity for the writer to critically analyze a topic and consider different perspectives. This style of writing can also be used to present a convincing argument and persuade the reader to accept a particular viewpoint. Additionally, discursive writing helps the writer to develop analytical skills and improves critical thinking abilities.
However, discursive writing can also have some disadvantages. One of the main challenges is finding credible sources of information to support one's arguments. In addition, it can be difficult to keep the writing objective and neutral, especially when dealing with controversial or sensitive topics. Moreover, discursive writing can become repetitive and monotonous if the writer focuses too much on presenting different perspectives without offering a conclusion. To effectively write a discursive essay, it is important to research the topic thoroughly and gather relevant information from credible sources. The writer should also aim to present a balanced argument by considering both sides of the issue. Additionally, the writer should focus on developing clear and well-structured paragraphs and use transitional words to guide the reader through the argument.
In conclusion, discursive writing is a valuable tool for exploring different perspectives and drawing well-reasoned conclusions. However, it is important to approach the task with care and consideration to ensure that the writing is objective and presents a balanced argument. With the right preparation and strategy, discursive writing can be an enjoyable and effective way to express one's opinions and thoughts on a particular topic.

Q. What is a synonym for the word "monotonous" as used in the passage?

What is most important in developing the reading skills of children?

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the question that follows.
T'was the night before Christmas,
And all through the kitchen,
My mother was cooking some delicious chicken.
All of the sudden,
The light bulb broke,
And my mother randomly started to choke.
In a flash, superman came.
My brother thought his costume was lame.
And instead of rescuing the day,
He ate up my dinner,
And he flew away !
Santa burnt the house with dynamites and flares,
I guess I was on the naughty list, next year,
I'll care !

Q. 'Santa' refers to

The digital revolution has indisputably reshaped our society, permeating virtually every facet of life. We live in a hyperconnected era, where the boundary between the real and virtual worlds is increasingly blurred. Though its benefits are myriad, it's worth pausing to consider the potential downsides of this digital immersion.
On the one hand, technology has democratized information, fostering global connectivity and accessibility. The internet, smartphones, and various digital platforms have empowered us with the ability to learn, communicate, and collaborate like never before. They have catapulted us into an era of unprecedented convenience and opportunity, where we can virtually traverse the globe with a simple click.
Yet, this digital immersion also comes with pitfalls. The unending influx of information can overwhelm our cognitive capabilities, leading to information overload. The constant bombardment of updates, notifications, and messages can disrupt our focus, leading to a condition known as "digital fatigue." Further, it's alarming to see the increasing prevalence of cyberbullying, privacy breaches, and disinformation campaigns, which have severe consequences on our societal harmony.
The digital revolution is a double-edged sword. It grants us unparalleled access to knowledge, yet it can also breed distraction, misinformation, and anxiety. We need to strike a balance, leveraging the best of what technology offers while mitigating its downsides. As we continue to navigate this digital landscape, it's crucial to remember that technology is merely a tool—it's how we use it that ultimately defines its impact.

Q. Which word from the passage is most similar in meaning to "immersion"?

Unit test is an expression of ________ evaluation.

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the question that follows.
T'was the night before Christmas,
And all through the kitchen,
My mother was cooking some delicious chicken.
All of the sudden,
The light bulb broke,
And my mother randomly started to choke.
In a flash, superman came.
My brother thought his costume was lame.
And instead of rescuing the day,
He ate up my dinner,
And he flew away !
Santa burnt the house with dynamites and flares,
I guess I was on the naughty list, next year,
I'll care !

Q. 'Santa' refers to

The digital revolution has indisputably reshaped our society, permeating virtually every facet of life. We live in a hyperconnected era, where the boundary between the real and virtual worlds is increasingly blurred. Though its benefits are myriad, it's worth pausing to consider the potential downsides of this digital immersion.
On the one hand, technology has democratized information, fostering global connectivity and accessibility. The internet, smartphones, and various digital platforms have empowered us with the ability to learn, communicate, and collaborate like never before. They have catapulted us into an era of unprecedented convenience and opportunity, where we can virtually traverse the globe with a simple click.
Yet, this digital immersion also comes with pitfalls. The unending influx of information can overwhelm our cognitive capabilities, leading to information overload. The constant bombardment of updates, notifications, and messages can disrupt our focus, leading to a condition known as "digital fatigue." Further, it's alarming to see the increasing prevalence of cyberbullying, privacy breaches, and disinformation campaigns, which have severe consequences on our societal harmony.
The digital revolution is a double-edged sword. It grants us unparalleled access to knowledge, yet it can also breed distraction, misinformation, and anxiety. We need to strike a balance, leveraging the best of what technology offers while mitigating its downsides. As we continue to navigate this digital landscape, it's crucial to remember that technology is merely a tool—it's how we use it that ultimately defines its impact.

Q. Which word from the passage is most similar in meaning to "immersion"?

Unit test is an expression of ________ evaluation.

Directions: Read the given poem and answer the question that follows by selecting the most appropriate option.
As I Watch You Grow
Do you know how much you mean to me?
As you grow into what you will be.
You came from within, from just beneath my heart.
It's there you'll always be, though your own life will now start.
You're growing so fast it sends me a whirl,
With misty eyes I ask, Where's my little girl?
I know sometimes to you I seem harsh and so unfair,
But one day you will see, I taught you well because I care.
The next few years will so quickly fly,
With laughter and joy, mixed with a few tears to cry.
As you begin your growth to womanhood, this fact you must know,
You'll always be my source of pride, no matter where you go.
You must stand up tall and proud, within you feel no fear,
For all you dreams and goals sit before you very near.
With God's love in your heart and the world by its tail,
You'll always be my winner, and victory will prevail.
For you this poem was written, with help from above,
To tell you in a rhythm of your Mother's heartfelt love!
-KayTheese

Q. The phrase 'the world by its tail' means to

Direction: Read the following passage and answer the question. (choose the most appropriate answers)
When another old cave is discovered in the South France, it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary event. Such discoveries are so frequent these days that hardly anybody pays heed to them. However, when the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed. Painted directly on its walls were hundreds of scenes showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals , such as bison or wild cats. Other images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses, which appear in more than 300 wall images, by far outnumbering all other animals. Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental difficult task. They did not limit themselves to the easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into narrow passages in the Lascaux complex. Unfortunately, the paintings have been exposed to the destructive action of water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away. Because the Lascaux caves have many entrances, air movement has also damaged the images inside, Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage, the site was closed to tourists in 1963, 23 years after it was discovered.

Q. The underlined word ‘ However’ is used in the sentence as :

In the communicative approach to ELT, development of language learning or teaching involves a shift:

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows.
Once upon a time, there lived a sparrow in a tree. He was very happy to have a beautiful and comfortable nest of his own in the tree. The sparrow used to fly to far off places to pick at grains from so many fields, full of crops. At the Sun set, he would return to his perch. One day, the sparrow ate his fill, but could not return to his nest because of the heavy rains which continued for the whole night. The sparrow had to spend the whole night in a big banyan tree a little distance away from home.
The next morning, when the rain stopped and the sky became clear, the sparrow returned to his tree. He was astonished to find a rabbit occupying his beautiful and comfortable nest. The sparrow lost his temper and spoke to the rabbit, "It's my home you're sitting in. Please quit this place at once".
"Do not talk like a fool", replied the rabbit. "Trees, rivers and lakes do not belong to anyone. Places like these are yours only so long as you are living in. If someone else occupies it in your absence, it belongs to the new occupant. So, go away and do not disturb me anymore".
But, the sparrow was not satisfied with this illogical reply. He said, "Let's ask a person of wisdom and only then our case will be settled".
At a distance from the tree, there lived a wild cat. The cat, somehow, overheard the discussion that took place between the sparrow and the rabbit.
The cat immediately thought of a plan, took a holy dip in the river, and then sat like a priest and began chanting God's name in a loud tone. When the rabbit and the sparrow heard the cat chanting God's name, they approached him with a hope to get impartial justice and requested him to pass a judgement in the matter.
The cat became very happy to have both of them in front of him. He pretended to listen to their arguments. But, as soon as the right opportunity came, the cat pounced upon both of them and killed and ate them together with great relish. 
(from Panchtantra)

Q. The story can be divided into

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. Some words may be highlighted. Pay attention.
While the apprehension of losing job security is the most natural human tendency, there are some factors like technology that are beyond an individual's control. The sooner the employees embrace the truth, the easier it would be to convert it into an opportunity. This can be done by upgrading employee-skillset with the following skills for the requirement of future roles:
Leadership: The ability to lead the automation change will be a crucial skill in the organization. The leader will be also responsible for identifying the right talent in the machine age and engaging the workforce through human touch points.
Information Technology: Who can handle technology better than the technologists themselves? However, automation will force employees to hone their understanding of big data, machine learning, cloud computing, augmented reality, and mathematical and analytical skills. With the huge amount of data available, they should be able to apply it to present insight.
Management: The future workplaces will be a collaboration of machines/robots and humans. Hence, the managerial skills required to strike a balance between machines and human emotions, and making them work alongside will also come handy.
Soft Skills: Machines are after all machines. They may do work more quickly and efficiently, but they can't bring in 100 percent human touch and feel. There will be areas where people to people interaction, human relationships, and networking will still matter, hence soft skills such as communication, social and behavioural, cognitive and emotional intelligence would be expected from the employees.
It's about time that employees start reskilling/upgrading their skills and search for relevant programmes/courses in their organizations or outside. For example, IT major Capgemini is planning to train each of its one lakh employees in India in digital skills by 2018. Intel has launched 60 courses as a part of its 'AI Developer Education Programme' to train 15,000 Indian engineers, developers, scientists, and students.
It can't be denied that automation will impact the jobs considerably in India. However, developing people-centric skills and upgrading/reskilling for new roles could help employees tide over the automation wave.

Q. Select the segment of the sentence that contains the grammatical error. If there is no error, mark "D" as your answer.
The ability to lead the automation (A)/ changing will be a crucial (B)/ skill in the organization.  (C)/ No Error (D)

As per Noam Chomsky’s theory, the role of the Language Acquisition Device (LAD) helps children to:

Read the sentence:
I can recall those happy events.
The words underlined show a/an

Assertion (A): Assessment is the process of collecting information with regard to the abilities, interests, aptitude, personality, and attitudes of learners.
Reasoning (R): It is a product-oriented approach that is used to determine the outcomes (what students have learned) and the learning approaches of the learners.

Direction: ​Read the given passages carefully and answer the question that follows.
Everything that men do or think concerns either the satisfaction of the needs they feel or the need to escape from pain. This must be kept in mind when we seek to understand spiritual or intellectual movements and the way in which they develop, for feeling and longing are the motive forces of all human striving and productivity – however nobly these latter may display themselves to us.
What, then, are the feelings and the needs which have brought mankind to religious thought and to faith in the widest sense? A moment’s consideration shows that the most varied emotions stand at the cradle of religious thought and experience.
In primitive people, it is, first of all, fear that awakens religious ideas – fear of hunger, of wild animals, of illness, and of death. Since the understanding of causal connections is usually limited on this level of existence, the human soul forges a being, more or less like itself, on whose will and activities depend the experiences which it fears. One hopes to win the favor of this being, by deeds and sacrifices, which according to the tradition of the race are supposed to appease the being or to make him well disposed to man. I call this the religion of fear.
This religion is considerably established, though not caused, by the formation of priestly caste which claims to mediate between the people and the being they fear and so attains a position of power. Often a leader or despot will combine the function of the priesthood with its own temporal rule for the sake of greater security, or an alliance may exist between the interests of political power and the priestly caste.

Q. How did religion become firmly established?

Why are some poems included in English Readers?

If the students feel shy to interact or speak with other students. In this situation, what teacher will do:

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate options:
(1) We embarked along the sapphire route along National Highway 17 for a sun-soaked holiday. This route along Karnataka’s Karavali coast is India’s best beach and temple country. Flanked by the soaring Western Ghats on the east and the Arabian Sea on the west, the Karavali stretch is a scenic treat all the way.
(2) The first halt in our coastal circuit in Uttara Kannada district was Bhatkal. Bhatkal is where Konkani begins to share space with Tulu. A 4-km drive out of town took us to the beach and the small fishing wharf. At the bazaar, we tried out the two local specialities – date halwa and a salted roti. One also shouldn’t miss the Bhatkal biriyani.
(3) Gokarna is a charming little town with temples, a wide expanse of beach, two principal streets and clusters of traditional tile-roofed brick houses. You’ll also find quaint Udupi food joints, souvenir shops, and cyber cafes here.
(4) Once the ‘temple fatigue’ set in, we indulged in some sedate sea-watching. Om beach, one of Gokarna’s famed five, takes the shape of an ‘Om’, a spiritual symbol. The road twists through alleys, past people’s houses, temple chariots and ‘Way to Beach’ signs. The other pristine beaches, wedged between gigantic cliffs that protrude like delicate fingers into the sea, are Gokarna, Kudle, Half Moon and Paradise.
(5) The last halt in our coastal itinerary was Karwar. Karwar was the erstwhile trading outpost of foreigners. It is said that even the great explorer Vasco da Gama walked on the golden sands of Karwar. Apart from the excellent harbour, four beaches that offer sun, sand, surf and sport and five islands, Karwar has much more to offer.
(6) A short boat ride away you’ll find the excellent Devbagh Beach and five idyllic islands. With its pristine beach, and an eco-friendly resort with ethnic log huts, it is a romantic hideaway offering complete privacy and solitude sans the five-star trappings.
(7) We followed Tagore’s footsteps and took a boat cruise up the Kali from the mouth. We spotted dolphins as they gracefully dived into azure waters. From the island one can have a gorgeous view of the sea, sand and the neighbouring islands. As we returned from our coastal odyssey, we realised Karnataka is not short of fabulous beaches but lacks salesmen of its ravishing beauty.

Q. Which of the following words is an antonym to the word – 
‘quaint’

Directions: Read the following sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The letter representing that part is the answer. If there is no error, mark D as the answer.
Everybody know that his failure can (A)/ be attributed to (B)/ his lack of practice. (C)/ No error (D)

Which of the following is an example of semantic grouping?

The ‘question’ How will I achieve my teaching goal? In the design of a language instruction, which helps the teacher to ‘keep the lesson on target’ is/are the