Test: General Awareness (Indian History) - Software Development MCQ

The correct answer is Kanishka.

 Key Points

• Kanishka
  • Gautam Buddha was elevated to the position of God by the time of Kanishka.
  • Kanishka was the rular of Kushan dynasty and adopted the title of Devputra.
  • During his reign the 4th Buddhist council was held in Kundalavana, Kashmir.
  • Kanishka was also known as 'Second Ashoka'.

 Additional Information

• Ashoka
  • He was the third emperor of the Mauryan dynasty.
  • Ashoka is called Chakrawarti Samrat which means emperor of the emperors.
  • He fought the Kalinga war and conquered Kalinga, but he was deeply sadenned by the loss of lives and sufferings.
  • Ashoka sent his son to Srilanka as a missionary for the spread of Buddhism in South.
• Chandragupta Vikramaditya
  • He was the son of Samudragupta and grandson of Chandragupta I.
  • Vikramaditya was the one of the most powerful emperors of Gupta Empire.
  • The conquest of Sakas was one of the most significant event of his reign.
  • In the moemory of his victory over Sakas, he issued the silver coins and became the first gupta ruler to issue the silver coins.
• Harsha
  • He was the ruler of Pushyabhuti dynasty and ruled from 606 - 647 CE.
  • Harsha was the son of Prabhakarvardhana.
  • His famous biography Harshacharitra was written by famous Sanskrit poet Banabhatta.
  • Dhruvabhata, Vallabhi king of Gujarat was also defeated by Harsha.

The correct answer is Jeevaka.

Key Points

• Jeevak was the name of the famous doctor in the court of King Bimbisara who was the personal physician of Lord Buddha.
• He lived in Rajgraha, present-day Rajgir in the 5th century BCE.
• Jeevak was also sometimes described as the "Medicine King".

The correct answer is Paleolithic

Key Points

Palaeolithic age (old stone age): Period – 500,000 – 10,000 BCE

• The Indian people are believed to have belonged to the ‘Negrito’ race and lived in the open air, river valleys, caves, and rock shelters.
• They were food gatherers, ate wild fruits and vegetables, and lived on hunting.
• There was no knowledge of houses, pottery, agriculture. It was only in later stages they discovered fire.
• In the upper paleolithic age, there is evidence of art in the form of paintings.
• Humans used unpolished, rough stones like hand axes, choppers, blades, burins, and scrapers.

The correct answer is Feroz Shah Tughlaq.

Key Points

The correct answer is Harihara-Bukka.

Key Points

• The Vijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 AD by Harihara and Bukka.
• He started the rule of the Sangam dynasty in Vijayanagara with the inspiration of his Guru Vidyaranya and made Hampi his capital.
• Harihar was the first ruler of this dynasty.
• The Vijayanagara Empire existed until 1649 AD.
• During this time four dynasties ruled, which are as follows
  • Sangam (1336-1485 AD)
  • Suluva (1485-1505 AD)
  • Tuluva (1505–1570 AD)
  • Aravidu (1570–1649 AD)

The correct answer is Banga-Duta.

Key Points

• Banga-Duta newspaper was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
• It was published in 1822 in Calcutta in four languages- English, Bengali, Persian, and Hindi.

Additional Information

• Bombay Times newspaper was founded by Robert Knight and Thomas Benett.
• Bengal Gazette newspaper was founded by James Augustus Hickey.
• Rast Gofter newspaper was founded by Dadabhai Naoroji.

The correct answer is Sarojini Naidu.

Key Points

• In December 1916, the All India Muslim League (AIML) and Congress met in Lucknow.
• It was due to the untiring efforts of Jinnah that the Congress “agreed to separate electorate, for the first and the last time”.
• To applaud these efforts of Jinnah, he was given the title of Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity by Sarojni Naidu.

Important Points

• Muhammad Ali Jinnah advocated Hindu–Muslim unity in the early years of his political career.
• Gopal Krishna Gokhale stated that Jinnah has true stuff in him and that freedom from all sectarian prejudice will make him the best ambassador of Hindu–Muslim Unity.

The correct answer is (a) - (4), (b) - (3), (c) - (2), (d) - (1).

Correct Match:

Important Points

Ahmedabad Mill Strike:

• There was a conflict between the Gujarat Mill owners and workers on the Plague Bonus of 1917.
• The workers demanded a 50% wage hike.
• The Mill Owners were willing to give only a 20% wage hike.
• Gandhi Ji used the weapon of Hunger strike.
• After the strike, the workers got a 35% wage increase.

Kheda Satyagraha:

• The peasants were in extreme distress due to famines, scant resources, untouchability​.
• Gujarat as a whole suffered a severe epidemic of Plague.
• Taxes were increased and the government wasn’t willing to let go of their revenues.
• Gandhiji with Sardar Patel urged all farmers to fight unto death against this injustice of the British.
• The result was that tax for the current year and next year was suspended.

Champaran Satyagraha:

• The Champaran Satyagraha was the first Satyagraha led by Gandhi in India
• The system prevalent was the Tinkathia System.
• In Tinkathia System, the peasants were required to cultivate indigo in 3/20^th of their landholdings.
• A commission was constituted in which Gandhi Ji was a member.
• The commission declared that the planters were unfair.
• Planters were ordered to refund 25% of the amount.

Jallianwala Bagh Massacre:

• The Jallianwala Bagh massacre is also known as the Amritsar massacre.
• It took place on 13 April 1919.
• Earlier Rowlatt Act was passed which caused widespread anger and discontent among Indians, notably in the Punjab region.
• A crowd of at least 10,000 men, women, and children gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh to celebrate Baisakhi, a spring festival.
• General Dyer and his soldiers arrived and sealed off the exit.
• General Dyer ordered the soldiers to open fire on a large crowd.

After the Incident:

• Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore renounced the knighthood.
• The Hunter Commission was constituted for the investigation of the incident.
• The Hunter Commission censured General Dyer for his actions.

The correct answer is Dyarchy in the centre.

Key Points 

• Government of India Act 1919
  • The Government of India Act 1919 came into force in 1921.
  • Dyarchy, a system of double government introduced by the Government of India Act (1919) for the provinces of British India. 
  • Dyarchy was introduced as a constitutional reform by Edwin Samuel Montagu (secretary of state for India, 1917–22) and Lord Chelmsford (viceroy of India, 1916–21).
  • It is also known as Montague-Chelmsford Reforms.
  • It relaxed the central control over the provinces by demarcating and separating the central and provincial subjects.
  • It further divided the provincial subjects into two parts—transferred and reserved.
  • It introduced, for the first time, bicameralism and direct elections in the country.
  • It extended the principle of communal representation by providing separate electorates for Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, and Europeans.
  • It granted a franchise to a limited number of people based on property, tax, or education.
  • It created a new office of the High Commissioner for India in London and transferred to him some of the functions hitherto performed by the Secretary of State for India.
  • It provided for the establishment of a public service commission. 
  • It separated, for the first time, provincial budgets from the Central budget and authorized the provincial legislatures to enact their budgets.
  • It provided for the appointment of a statutory commission to inquire into and report on its working after ten years of its coming into force.
• Government of India 1935 abolished dyarchy in the provinces (brought by the Government of India Act 1919) and introduced ‘provincial autonomy’ in its place. 

The correct answer is Delhi.

Key Points 

Hindustan Socialist Republican Association

• HRA was later reorganized as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA).​
• It was established in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi by Chandra Shekhar Azad, Ashfaqulla Khan, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee.

Additional Information 

Hindustan Republican Association

• The HRA was founded in October 1924 in Kanpur by Ramprasad Bismil, Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee and Sachin Sanyal, with an aim to organise an armed revolution to overthrow the colonial government and establish in its place the Federal Republic of United States of India whose basic principle would be an adult franchise.
• The HRA formed centres, besides Allahabad, Agra, Kanpur, Varanasi, Lucknow, Shahjahanpur, and Saharanpur.
  • It also had bomb manufacturing units at Calcutta and Deogarh.
• A manifesto for the party was written by Sanyal titled ‘Revolutionary’
• It also demanded universal suffrage. The material espoused a socialist society for India.
• The pamphlets were distributed in many cities in northern India.
• In 1924 – 25, many young people joined the party, prominent among them being Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Chandrasekhar Azad.
• Under the leadership of Chandra Shekhar Azad, the name of HRA was changed to Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).