Test: General Awareness (National & International Organisations) - Software Development MCQ

The correct answer is Washington D.C.

• The World Bank Group (WBG) is a specialized agency of the United Nations and its headquartered in Washington D.C. 

Key PointsThe World Bank Group include five groups which are:

• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
• International Development Association (IDA)
• International Finance Corporation (IFC)
• Multilateral Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
• International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)
• To become members of the IDA, IFC, and MIGA, the countries must first become members of IBRD.

Additional Information

• World Bank approved 1 billion US$ aid to India to accelerate 'India's Covid 19 special protection response programme'.
• There are 2 goals for the world to achieve by 2030 –
  • End extreme poverty by decreasing the percentage of people living on less than $1.90 a day to no more than 3%.
  • Promote shared prosperity by fostering the income growth of the bottom 40% for every country.

The correct answer is None of the above

• The five newly elected countries will join Ecuador, Japan, Malta, Mozambique, and Switzerland as non-permanent members of the Council. They will take up seats currently occupied by Albania, Brazil, Gabon, Ghana, and the United Arab Emirates when their two-year terms end on 31 December.

Key Points

• United Nations Security Council:
  • The United Nations Security Council is one of the six main organs of the UN, and it is primarily responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
  • It consists of 15 members -five permanent members and 10 non-permanent members.
  • The five permanent members are the US, UK, Russia, China, and France.
  • Every year, five non-permanent members are elected for a tenure of two years.
  • To be elected as a non-permanent member of the council, each member country requires a two-thirds majority of the entire assembly.

Additional Information

• Five permanent members: China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
• Ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly (with end of term year):

  Albania (2023)
  Brazil (2023)
  Ecuador (2024)
  Gabon (2023)
  Ghana (2023)
  Japan (2024)
  Malta (2024)
  Mozambique (2024)
  Switzerland (2024)
  United Arab Emirates (2023)

The correct answer is Afghanistan.

Key Points

• Shanghai Cooperation Organisation:
  • ​SCO is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation.
  • It’s a Eurasian political, economic and military organisation aiming to maintain peace, security and stability in the region.
  • It was created in 2001.
  • India and Pakistan became members in 2017. 
  • The SCO Charter was signed in 2002 and entered into force in 2003.
  • It is a statutory document that outlines the organisation's goals and principles, as well as its structure and core activities.
  • The SCO's official languages are Russian and Chinese. 
  • The SCO Secretariat based in Beijing. 
  • Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) is a permanent organ of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). Its objective is to help members states fight combat, extremism, terrorism and separatism. The Head of RATs is elected for a three-year term. All the member’s states also have their own representatives at RATS. 

Additional Information

• The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is an intergovernmental organization founded in Shanghai on 15 June 2001.
• The SCO currently comprises eight Member States (China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan), four Observer States interested in acceding to full membership (Afghanistan, Belarus, Iran, and Mongolia), and six “Dialogue Partners” (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Turkey).
• In 2021, the decision was made to start the accession process of Iran to the SCO as a full member, and Egypt, Qatar as well as Saudi Arabia became dialogue partners.

The correct answer is Six.

Key Points

​Therefore, The United Nation have Six organ body. 

Important Points

• ​The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization.
• The stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, and achieve international cooperation.
• The United Nations (UN) main organs are— the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council and the Secretariat, and the International Court of Justice.
  • Founded: 24 October 1945
  • Headquarters: New York, New York, United States
  • Secretary general: António Guterres

The correct answer is Kathmandu (Nepal)

Key Points

• SAARC is South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, which is a regional intergovernmental organisation.
• It was founded on 8 December 1985 in Dhaka.
• It aims to promote the development of economic and regional integration.
• It is headquartered in Kathmandu, Nepal.
• The South Asian Free Trade Area was launched on 1st January 2006 to create a free trade zone between its members.
• As of March 2020 Esala Ruwan Weerakoon is the Secretary-General. He assumed office on 1st March 2020.

Additional Information

• Given below is the list of all members of SAARC:
  • Afghanistan
  • Bangladesh
  • Bhutan
  • India
  • Maldives
  • Nepal
  • Pakistan
  • Sri Lanka

The correct answer is Vienna.

Key Points

• The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a group of countries that export oil.
• OPEC is a 13-country cartel or intergovernmental organization.
• Founded on 14 September 1960 in Baghdad.
• It was formed to coordinate the petroleum policies of its members and to provide member states with technical and economic aid
• It was founded by its first five members namely, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela.
• OPEC now has 13 members as of January 2020.
• It has been headquartered in Vienna, Austria, since 1965.
  • Even though Vienna is the headquarters of OPEC, Austria is not an OPEC member state.
• OPEC's establishment signaled a shift toward national sovereignty over natural resources, and OPEC policies have come to dominate the global oil market and international relations.
• A new member country must be approved by three-quarters of OPEC's current members, including all five of the founding members.
  • Sudan formally made an application to join in October 2015, however it is still not a member.

Confusion Points

• OPEC had its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, in the first five years of its existence. This was moved to Vienna, Austria, on September 1, 1965.

Additional Information

• The World Health Organization's headquarters is located in Geneva.
• Brussels is the European Union's headquarters.​
• The headquarters of FIFA is in Zurich.

The correct answer is Geneva, Switzerland.

Key PointsWTO (World Trade Organization)

• The WTO headquarters is located in Geneva, Switzerland, is a unique place, with many United Nations and other international organizations, as well as missions to the WTO.
• The Centre William Rappard (CWR) is the name of the building that has been home to the WTO Secretariat since the WTO was established in 1995.

Other organisation

• World Tourism Organisation is headquartered at Madrid ,Spain

The correct answer is The Hague.

Key Points

• The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations.
• The International Court of Justice was created with an aim to settle the disputes between states in accordance with international law and gives advisory opinions on international legal issues.
• It was established in June 1945 
• It is the successor of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ).
• As of 2021 February, Joan Donoghue is the current President of the International Court of Justice.

Additional Information

• The headquarters of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) is located in Paris.
• The headquarters of the International Monetary Fund(IMF) is located in Washington, D.C.
• The headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City.

The correct answer is Paris

Key Points

UNESCO:

• It stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.
• It was formed on 16th November 1945.
• Its headquarters are in Paris, France.
• As of July 2023, UNESCO has 194 member states and 12 associate members.
  • The Israel, and Liechtenstein are members of the UN, but not members UNESCO.
  • Three countries, namely, Palestine, Niue, and the Cook Islands are members of UNESCO, but not of the UN.
• India was the founding member of UNESCO.

​​Thus, the headquarters of UNESCO is located in Paris.

The correct answer is Washington D. C.

Key Points

• International Monetary Fund headquarters is located at Washington D. C in the United States. It was founded in 1944.
• International Monetary Fund is an Organization of 190 countries.
• It is working to secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and economic growth and reduce poverty around the world.

Important Points

• The IMF was founded in July 1944 at the United Nations Bretton Woods Conference in New Hampshire, United States.
•  Kristalina Ivanova Georgieva is a Bulgarian economist serving as chair and managing director of the International Monetary Fund since 2019.

Additional Information