Forest & Wild Life Resources - 2 - Free MCQ Practice Test with solutions,

The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted for protection of plants and animal species. Before 1972, India only had five designated national parks.

Project Tiger is a tiger conservation programme launched in April 1973 by the Government of India during Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's tenure. The project aims at ensuring a viable population of Bengal tigers in their natural habitats, protecting them from extinction, and preserving areas of biological importance as a natural heritage forever represented as close as possible the diversity of ecosystems across the tiger's distribution in the country. 

The Sunderbans National Park is a tiger and biosphere reserve located in the Sunderbans delta in the state of West Bengal (India). The Sunderbans is named after the Sundari trees which are found in bulk in this area. The park was established as a national park on 4th May 1984 as earlier it was created as wildlife sanctuary in 1977, designated as the core area of Sunderbans Tiger Reserve.

Periyar National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary (PNP) is a protected area near Thekkady in the districts of Idukki, Kottayam and Pathanamthitta in Kerala, India. It is notable as an elephant reserve and a tiger reserve. The protected area covers an area of 925 km² (357 sq mi). 305 km² (118 sq mi) of the core zone was declared as the Periyar National Park in 1982. The park is a repository of rare, endemic and endangered flora and fauna and forms the major watershed of two important rivers of Kerala, the Periyar and the Pamba.

Madhya Pradesh has the largest area of permanent forests in India. Key details include:

• It covers approximately 11.24% of India's total forest area.
• The total forest cover in Madhya Pradesh is about 77,522 sq km.
• Permanent forests are crucial for conservation and wildlife protection.
• About 75% of Madhya Pradesh's forest area is classified as permanent.

Other states like Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, and Uttarakhand also have significant forest areas, but none surpass Madhya Pradesh.

Chipko Movement was started in the 1970s to ensure that the forest crops were saved from unnecessary felling. 
One of the major achievements of the movement was that the government of Uttar Pradesh ensured zero tolerance towards commercial forest felling and thousands of trees were saved from being felled which resulted in conserving abundant forest wealth for local benefits.

Jhumming is a primitive method of farming in rural areas which consists of burning of trees in forest to clear them out for practising agriculture . the unburnt trees are hacked out and left to decay. but now jhumming is banned by governments .