Chapter Test: New Ideas - CTET & State TET MCQ

The correct answer is C as SANGHA  was an association of those who left their homes

Gaya is a religious site and place of pilgrimage associated with the Mahabodhi Temple Complex in Gaya district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is famous as it is the place where Gautama Buddha is said to have attained Enlightenment (Pali: bodhi) under what became known as the Bodhi Tree.

Gautama Buddha was born in the year 563 B.C. in Lumbini, in present Nepal. He was the Son of Suddhodana's whose capital was Kapilavastu.The day of Buddha's birth is widely celebrated in Theravada countries as Vesak. Buddha's birthday is celebrated as Buddha Purnima.

Siddhartha Gautama, also known as the Buddha, was the founder of Buddhism. Born into a royal family in the region that is now Nepal, he lived during the 6th to 5th century BCE. After years of ascetic life and meditation, he achieved Enlightenment and spent the rest of his life teaching the paths to overcoming suffering.

Avesta, also called Zend-avesta, sacred book of Zoroastrianism containing its cosmogony, law, and liturgy, the teachings of the prophet Zoroaster.

 “Jina” literally means “Conqueror.” He who has conquered love and hate, pleasure and pain, attachment and aversion, and has thereby freed `his’ soul from the karmas obscuring knowledge, perception, truth, and ability, is a Jina. The Jains refer to the Jina as God.

Zoroastrianism is a religion. Zoroaster, who lived in eastern ancient Iran around 1000 BC, created Zoroastrianism. It is a monotheistic religion. The Zoroastrian god is called Ahura Mazda. 

It is also dualist. Zoroastrians believe Ahura Mazda created two spirits: a good one (Spenta Mainyu), and a bad one (Angra Mainyu). Zoroastrians believe people are free to choose between good and bad. Choosing good will lead to happiness, and choosing bad will lead to unhappiness. So it is best to choose good. Therefore, the motto of the religion is "Good Thoughts, Good Words, Good Deeds".

Four ashramas were recognised: brahmacharya, grihastha, vanaprasttw and samnyasa. Brahmin, kshatriya and vaishya men were expected to lead simple lives and study the Vedas during the early years of their life (brahmacharya).

Zoroaster was an Iranian prophet. His teachings are contained in a book called the Avesta. The language of the Avesta, and the practices described in it are very similar to those of the Vedas.

D is the correct option.Bodh Gaya, also spelled Buddh Gaya, town, southwestern Bihar state, northeastern India. It is situated west of the Phalgu River, a tributary of the Ganges (Ganga) River.

the Bodhi tree (Ficus religiosa or Peepal tree) under which the Buddha is believed to have meditated and attained enlightenment is located within this temple complex and venerated.

Kushinagar is a pilgrimage town in the Kushinagar district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site, where Buddhists believe Gautama Buddha attained Parinirvana after his death. It is an international Buddhist pilgrimage centre.

C is the correct option.Jina means conqueror and Mahavira, the founder of Jainism, was called Jina. Jina is a soul who has conquered inner passions. 

Vallabhi is an ancient city located in the Saurashtra peninsula of Gujarat, near Bhavnagar in western India. It is also known as Vallabhipura, and was the capital of the ancient Gurjar Maitraka Dynasty.

Panini, an ancient Indian scholar, is renowned for composing the Ashtadhyayi, a comprehensive grammatical framework for Sanskrit. This work is considered one of the earliest known grammars of any language and remains fundamental in the study of Sanskrit.

Zoroaster was an Iranian prophet. His teachings are contained in a book called the Avesta. Later, some Zoroastrians migrated from Iran and settled down in the coastal towns of Gujarat and Maharashtra. They were the ancestors of today's Parsis.

The correct answer is D as His father was king Śuddhodana, leader of the Shakya clan

According to state-backed 2011 Iranian census, 99.38% of Iranians believe in Islam, while 0.2% of the population believe in officially recognized minority religions, Christianity, Judaism and Zoroastrianism.
Religion in Iran has been shaped by multiple religions and sects over the course of the country's history. Zoroastrianism was the main religion during the Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC),

Prakrit was the language used by Buddha for common people. The Prakrit word for beggar is (D), Bhikhus.

The origin of Buddhism points to one man, Siddhartha Gautama, the historical Buddha, who was born in Lumbini (in present-day Nepal) during the 5th century BCE.

The Buddha was born into the Shakya clan, which was organized as a Gana or republic, known as the Sakya gana. This clan was part of the ancient Indian society during the time of Buddha’s life.

The followers of Mahavir were called Jains or Jainas. Lord Mahavir, got enlightenment Keval Gyan, became 24th Tithankar ( Arihant dev, supreme position, called Vitraag or Jin). Prior to the Lord Mahavir, 23 Thinkars also known as Arihants / Araham /Jin, but the word Jin a short name became more popular and followers called as Jains, became in tongue.

The Bodhi Tree or Bodhi ") was a large and ancient sacred fig tree (Ficus religiosa), also called the Bo Tree, located in Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India, under which Siddhartha Gautama, the spiritual teacher who became known as the Buddha, is said to have attained enlightenment or Bodhi circa 500.

Those who joined the sangha included brahmins, kshatriyas, merchants, labourers, barbers, courtesans and slaves.

The Eightfold Path consists of eight practices: right view, right resolve, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right samadhi ('meditative absorption or union').

Sarnath is a place located 10 kilometres north-east of Varanasi near the confluence of the Ganges and the Varuna rivers in Uttar Pradesh, India. The deer park in Sarnath is where Gautama Buddha first taught the Dharma, and where the Buddhist Sangha came into existence through the enlightenment of Kondanna.

Lord Buddha's real name was Siddhartha Gautama before he became known as the Buddha, which means "The Enlightened One." Siddhartha was born into a royal family and embarked on a journey of self-discovery that led him to enlightenment and the establishment of Buddhism.

Vardhamana Mahavira, also simply known as Mahavira, was the 24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism. He is considered a contemporary of Buddha and is credited with formulating the core principles of Jainism. His teachings emphasized non-violence, truth, and asceticism.

One of the central teachings of Buddha revolves around the Four Noble Truths, with the first truth being that life is full of suffering (dukkha). This suffering is believed to stem from desires and attachments, and Buddha's teachings focus on the path to overcoming this suffering.

Mahavira was born into a royal family, making him a Kshatriya. The Kshatriyas were the warrior and ruler class in the ancient Indian social hierarchy. Mahavira, before renouncing the world to pursue spiritual awakening, was a prince of the Licchavi clan.