KVS PGT Exam Physics Mock Test - 1 Free Online Test 2026

The correct answer is Option 4. The correct spelling is ‘embarrassment’. 

सही उत्तर 'धनात्मक' है।

• दिए गए विकल्पों में, 'ॠणात्मक' शब्द का विलोम शब्द 'धनात्मक' है।
• ॠणात्मक का अर्थ: नकारात्मक, अभावात्मक।
• धनात्मक का अर्थ: सकारात्मक।

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

Additional Information

• विलोमार्थक शब्द/ विलोम: 'विलोम’ शब्द का अर्थ है- उल्टा या विपरीत।
• समान परिस्थितियों में एक दूसरे का विपरीत अर्थ देने वाले शब्द एक-दूसरे के विलोमार्थक शब्द होते हैं।

'उत्थान' का विलोम शब्द पतन है।

उत्थान का विलोम पतन होता है।

• उत्थान का अर्थ - उठना
• पतन का अर्थ - गिरना

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• पातन का अर्थ होता है - नीचे ढकेलने की क्रिया या भाव
• पाटन का अर्थ होता है - छेदने की क्रिया
• पतान का कुछ अर्थ नहीं होता है।

Additional Informationविलोम के उदाहरण -

• मूक - वाचाल
• सम्पन्न - विपन्न
• सम्मुख - विमुख
• मितव्ययी - अपव्ययी
• स्मरण - विस्मरण
• नीरस - सरस
• पक्ष - प्रतिपक्ष
• ज्योति - तम
• अथ - इति

The correct answer is option 4, i.e. Kanshi Ram.

• The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), English Majority People’s Party, national political party in India.
• It was formed on the birth anniversary of B. R. Ambedkar, 14 April 1984, by Kanshi Ram.
• It represents the lowest level of peoples at the Hindu social system.
• The designated members are of the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes as well as other religious and social minorities.

• The blue litmus paper will turn red when it comes into contact with an acidic solution.
• When a litmus paper is put in a solution, depending on what the solution is, the indicator will react with the solution and will change its colour.
• On the other hand, red litmus paper reacts to alkaline substances by turning blue.
• Note: Acid will turn red litmus paper to red only.No change.

The correct answer is Red.

Key Points

• Sulphuric acid is also known as the oil of vitriol.
• It is composed of sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen element.
• The acid has a very strong acidic nature.
• It has several uses such as fertilizer manufacture, mineral processing, oil refining, and wastewater processing.
• It is also known by the name hydrogen sulfate.

Important Points

• The litmus solution is a purple dye solution.
• It is extracted from the plant called " Lichen".
• It is used as an acid-base indicator.

Hence. the person will be allowed to appear in the interview.

A National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE)

• It is made for children up to the age of 8 and divided into two parts:
  • A sub-framework for 0-3 year-olds
  • A sub-framework for 3-8 year-olds

Key Points

• The curriculum delivered through a significantly expanded and strengthened system of institutions including Anganwadis and pre-schools that will have teachers and Anganwadi workers trained in the ECCE pedagogy and curriculum.
• The planning and implementation of ECCE will be carried out jointly by the Ministries of HRD, Women and Child Development (WCD), Health and Family Welfare (HFW), and Tribal Affairs.
• In particular, the numerous rich local traditions of India developed over millennia in ECCE involving art, stories, poetry, games, songs, and more will also be suitably incorporated.
• The framework will serve as a guide both for parents and for early childhood care and education institutions.

Hence, we can conclude that a National Curriculum Pedagogical Framework for early childhood divides into two parts.

The Government of India has implemented various policies such as the Right to Education Act, Persons with Disability Act, to ensure the inclusion of a person suffering from disability in the schooling system and the society at large.

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act (RPWD Act), 2016

• Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) 2016 has replaced the existing PWD Act, 1995.
• In this Act, disability has been defined based on an evolving and dynamic concept.
• The types of disabilities have been increased to 21 and the Central Govt has the power to add more types of disabilities.
• The 21 disabilities are given below: -

1. Blindness
2. Low-vision
3. Leprosy Cured Persons
4. Hearing Impairment (deaf and hard of hearing)
5. Locomotor Disability
6. Dwarfism
7. Intellectual Disability
8. Mental Illness
9. Autism Spectrum Disorder
10. Cerebral Palsy
11. Muscular Dystrophy
12. Chronic Neurological Conditions
13. Specific Learning Disability
14. Multiple Sclerosis
15. Speech and Language Disability
16. Thalassemia
17. Hemophilia
18. Sickle Cell Disease
19. Multiple Disabilities including Deaf-Blindness
20. Acid Attack Victims
21. Parkinson’s Disease

​​Hence, it can be concluded that all are included in the RPWD Act, 2016. 

Frustration and mental conflicts are a deep chronic sense of insecurity, discouragement, and dissatisfaction arising from thwarted desires, or other unresolved problems.

Key Points There are various factors that are responsible for the development of Frustration and mental conflicts -

• Emotional factors - It includes the feelings and emotional well-being of an individual that leads to the development of frustration and conflicts.
• Social factors - The social environment, Peer relations, and other social relations that influence an individual's mental well-being.
• Biological and physical factors - These refer to the physical well-being or the health of an individual.

Hence we conclude that the factors responsible for frustration and mental conflicts are Biological and physical factors, Emotional factors, and Social factors.

Additional Information The Consequences of Frustration and Conflict

• Biological: it can cause Heart diseases, Respiratory problems, Digestive problems, Sleep disturbances, etc.
• Psychological: the mental state of the individual can get altered as dissatisfaction, disinterest, boredom, Anxiety, tension, depression
• Decrease in person’s efficiency at home and work and self-confidence and self-esteem

The approach is begun to deal with problems. It is the way that identifies the aptitude of the person to deal with things.

The topical approach gives mastery over the topic. It is organized around themes, topics, and units of the content or subject matter.

Key Points 
Topical Approach: 

• This approach is also known as the topic approach.
• The topical approach is based on the principle of totality.
• It specific topic is started in a particular class and finished in the same class.
• The topical approach is the opposite of the concentric approach.
• Topics are selected according to the mental level, capabilities, and interests of the student.
• Topics studied in the previous class received no attention.

Thus by all these references, we can conclude that The curriculum organization which gives scope for both ‘principle of difficulty’ and ‘principle of repetition’ in the same class is the Topical approach,

Important Points
Merits:

• The topical approach is psychological topics have been selected according to the interest, age group, mental levels, and needs of the students.
• Teaching is purposeful.
• Logical subject matter.
• In-depth knowledge.

Demerits:

• Destroys the continuity of subject matter.
• unsuitable for the same topics.
• Reading everything about one topic is very difficult.
• Knowledge attained is more bookish.

Additional Information

• Spiral approach: This approach helps students score better on tests and retain information longer than students who learn from curricula that take massed approach.
• Logical approach: Logical approach is very useful and significant to construct social studies curriculum. A sequential arrangement of the topics of the syllabus is known as a logical approach. It is based on logic.
• Concentric approach: In this approach, the topics will find a place in different classes of different years of the course in a progressive manner. the concentric approach takes into consideration the mental growth of pupils.

Early Childhood Education (also known as pre-primary or preschool education) traditionally refers to the education of children aged three to six years before entering the formal school setup.

Key Points

• NEP 2020 prescribed five years of the foundational stage of education from which 3 years of education include preschool or early childcare education and 2 years of early primary education which includes classes 1 and 2.
• It also suggests that there should be continuity between the ECE curriculum and Grade 1 and 2 curricula.
• The three years of pre-schooling is made mandatory to ensure Foundational Literacy and Numeracy among children.
• The highest priority of school education will be “Universal acquisition of Foundational learning skills by Grade 3.
• Foundational Literacy means the ability to read and write and comprehend. The key components in Foundational Language and Literacy are Oral Language Development, deciphering written words, Reading Fluency, Reading Comprehension, and competencies of writing.
• Foundational Numeracy means the ability to reason and to apply simple numerical concepts in daily life problem-solving. The major aspects and components of early mathematics are Pre-number concepts, Numbers and operations on numbers, space, and spatial understanding and measurement skills.

Hence, we conclude that 3 years of pre-schooling is mandatory for children according to NEP 2020.

Cooperation teaches the values of committing oneself to the common good, seeing success as depending on the efforts of all participants, feeling happy when others succeed, seeing others as resources to help one succeed, viewing worth as unconditional, and viewing diverse others in positive ways.
Cooperative learning is a teaching way for students to learn essential interpersonal life-skills and develop the ability to work collaboratively, a skill now greatly in demand in the workplace. Thus, it provides faster and efficient learning. In cooperative learning, the diverse students in the school are to be transformed into a symphony. Students need positive self-esteem, the psychological health to face conflict and challenge, and the social competencies required to work effectively with diverse peers. Personal and superordinate identities are developed through group processes.

Behaviourism and learning:

• Behaviorism or the behavioral learning theory is a popular concept that focuses on how students learn. Behaviorism focuses on the idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment. This learning theory states that behaviors are learned from the environment, and says that innate or inherited factors have very little influence on behavior.
• In the classroom, the behavioral learning theory is key in understanding how to motivate and help students. Information is transferred from teachers to learners from a response to the right stimulus. Teachers use behaviorism to show students how they should react and respond to certain stimuli.
• In behaviorist theory, learners are more passive in the learning process. The learners' role is simply to respond to the learning content and demonstrate a level of performance on specific goals and objectives. 
• Behaviorism focuses on the idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment. This learning theory states that behaviors are learned from the environment, and says that innate or inherited factors have very little influence on behavior.

Conclusion: Behaviorists defined learning as an observable change in behavior. Behavior theorists define learning as nothing more than the acquisition of new behavior based on environmental conditions. It believes in positive and negative reinforcement towards the response of learners against any stimuli. Hence, directly or indirectly, behaviorism believes that new behavior is learned on the basis of response to the stimuli. So, option (1) is correct.

The national education policy 2020 is the first education policy of the 21st century and aims to address the many growing development imperatives of our country. This policy progress the revision and revamping of all aspects of the education structure, including its regulation and governance, to create a new system that is aligned with the aspirational goals of 21st-century education and improve the quality of the education system.
Key Points 

The curriculum framework for adult education will include at least five types of programes:-

• foundational literacy and numeracy
• critical life skills (including financial literacy, digital literacy, commercial skills, health care and awareness, child care and education, and family welfare)
• vocational skills development (with a view towards obtaining local employment)
• basic education (including preparatory, middle, and secondary stage equivalency)
• continuing education (including engaging holistic adult education courses in arts, sciences, technology, culture, sports, and recreation, as well as other topics of interest or use to local learners, such as more advanced material on critical life skills).

Thus it is clear that the purpose of new education policy is to improve the quality of the education system.

Context is the spoken or written form of material that can be used for teaching Grammar.

The diverse classroom is the classroom that comprises students from different backgrounds (social, economical or cultural) and respects every student's culture, language and other backgrounds. 

Key Points

Diversity in the classroom helps:

• students to learn about different cultures and traditions.
• it brings new ideas and experiences, student can learn from each other.
• an important tool to boost skills from their peers.
• it promotes creativity among students.
• it helps dispel negative stereotypes.
• it expands our mind and thought process
• helps to enhance different language skills.

Hence, it can be concluded that the given statement, "having a diverse classroom with children from varied social, economic and cultural backgrounds enriches the learning experiences of all students" is correct because children learn many skills from their peers.

When the natural frequency and external frequency of an object are equal the phenomenon is called resonance.

Force on a unit point charge kept at a distance r from the charge = q/r². 

Therefore, work done to bring that point charge through a small distance dr = q/r² * (-dr). Therefore, the potential of that point is = .

• The iron core of a transformer is made of Laminated silicon steel with special insulated coating to limit Eddy current loss.
• Electrical steel, also called lamination steel is specialty steel tailored to produce certain magnetic properties, such as a small hysteresis area (small energy dissipation per cycle, or low core loss) and high permeability.
  

The light-year is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances and measures about 9.46 trillion kilometres or 5.88 trillion miles. As defined by the International Astronomical Union, a light-year is the distance that light travels in vacuum in one Julian year. 

Consider the surface facing upwards having points A, B, C and D in anticlockwise direction when viewing towards the surface from above. Let this be S
flux = S×B
As the flux increases, by Lenz's Law the induced current will be in the direction C B A D C, so as to oppose the increase in flux.

We know that Gravitational force = 

and,

The SI unit of the universal gravitational constant is N m²/kg²
The SI unit of the acceleration due to gravity is the same as that of acceleration.
Hence, the SI unit of the acceleration due to gravity is m/s².
So, the SI unit of 

Total initial angular momentum = I₁ω₁ + I₂ω₂ 

When the discs are joined together, total moment of inertia about the axis becomes I₁ + I₂​.

Let the angular speed of the two-disc system be ω.

Then, from conservation of angular momentum:

Weight is a force caused by gravity. The weight of an object is the gravitational force between the object and the Earth. The more mass the object has the greater its weight will be. Weight is a force, so it's measured in newtons.

Diamagnetic materials are those which when placed in a magnetizing field are feebly magnetized in a direction opposite to that of the magnetizing field. Therefore, it is feebly repelled by a magnet. Example: zinc, gold, etc.

Q = CV, where C is decided only by the geometrical factors

Let the velocity of m is v and velocity of 4m is u
Therefore, v = 4u and we know that kinetic energy is 1/2mv² so for m:
KE = ½ x m x v² = 1
And for 4m:
KE = ½ x 4m x 4² = 4
So, ratio of their kinetic energy is 1:4

Velocity of efflux when the hole is at depth h, v = √(2gh).
Rate of flow of water from square hole

Rate of flow of water from circular hole

According to problem