KVS PGT Exam Physics Mock Test - 10 Free Online Test 2026

The sentence puts forward a proposition that the government is planning to launch a new scheme in the future that will be working then. Thus, the verb forming the sentence has to be in the future continuous tense. 
Thus option 3 is correct as 'will be launching' is in future continuous tense.

दिए गए मुहावरे का सही अर्थ 'अच्छी-अच्छी बातें कहकर बहकाना' होगा।

• मुहावरा - सब्ज़ बाग़ दिखाना
• अर्थ - अच्छी-अच्छी बातें कहकर बहकाना
• वाक्य प्रयोग - नौकरी दिलाने ‌‌‌का ​सब्ज़ बाग़​ दिखाकर आज-कल लोग फरार हो जाते हैं।

Key Points

• जब कोई वाक्यांश अपने सामान्य अर्थ को छोड़ किसी विशेष अर्थ में रूढ़ हो जाता है उसे ही मुहावरा कहते हैं।

मुहावरे का सही युग्म है - 'आँख में चर्बी छाना - घमंड से चूर होना'

• वाक्य प्रयोग - अजय अपना अभावग्रस्त जीवन भूल गया है, अब तो उसकी "आंखों में चर्बी चढ़ गई है"।

Key Points

• मुहावरा एक ऐसा वाक्य होता है जो वाक्य की रचना करने पर अपना एक अलग अर्थ या विशेष अर्थ प्रकट करता है।
• इनका प्रयोग करने से भाषा,आकर्षक, प्रभावपूर्ण तथा रोचक बन जाती है।

Additional Informationकुछ महत्वपूर्ण मुहावरा, अर्थ और उनके वाक्य प्रयोग:-

• आंख दिखाना - बहुत क्रोध करना

वाक्य प्रयोग - राम से मैंने सच बातें कह दी, तो वह मुझे "आँख दिखाने लगा"।

• आग लगाना - झगड़ा कराना

वाक्य प्रयोग - दीपक ने झूठ बोलकर राहुल और दीनेश के बीच "आग लगा दी"।

• आँख बिछाना - प्रेम से स्वागत करना

वाक्य प्रयोग - जब प्रधानमंत्री आए तो स्कूल में सबने "आँखें बिछा दीं"।

The Correct Answer is "Atal Bihari Vajpayee".

Key Points

• Good governance day is celebrated annually on 25th December to mark the birth anniversary of the former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
• The aim is to create awareness of accountability in government among the citizens of India.

Governance:

• It is the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented).
• Governance can be used in several contexts such as corporate governance, international governance, national governance, and local governance.

Eight Characteristics of Good Governance (as identified by the United Nations):

Important Points

Atal Bihari Vajpayee :

• Atal Bihari Vajpayee was born on 25th December 1924 in the erstwhile princely state of Gwalior (now a part of Madhya Pradesh).
• Atal Bihari Vajpayee had served three terms as the Prime Minister of India, first for a term of 13 days in 1996, then for a period of 13 months from 1998 to 1999, followed by a full term from 1999 to 2004.
• He was conferred with the country's highest civilian honor, The Bharat Ratna in 2015 and the second-highest civilian honor, the Padma Vibhushan in 1994.

Jawaharlal Nehru :

• Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India.

Indira Gandhi :

• Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi was the first and, to date, only female Prime Minister of India.
• Indira Gandhi was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India.

The first six years of life are critical years of human life since the rate of development in these years is more rapid than at any other stage of development. Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) makes a positive contribution to children’s long-term development and learning by facilitating an enabling and stimulating environment in these foundation stages of lifelong learning.

Important Points

• The National ECCE Policy visualizes nurturance and promotion of holistic development and active learning capacity of all children below 6 years of age by promoting free, universal, inclusive, equitable, joyful, and contextualized opportunities for laying the foundation and attaining full potential.
• The vision for an Indian child reflects our beliefs about children and childhood and what is possible and desirable for human life at the individual and societal levels. While putting forward a shared image of a child, full of potential, it is accepted that children differ in their strengths and capabilities, there is diversity in views about childhood and children, and that not all children have the same opportunities to develop their potential.
• It views children as happy, healthy, and confident; each child with a unique identity, grounded in their individual strengths and capacities; and with respect for their unique social, linguistic, and cultural heritage and diversity.

Thus, it is concluded that the ‘National Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) Policy aims to promote optimal development and active learning capacity of children below six years of age.

Community involvement can be assessed in terms of the active involvement of individuals, local leaders, institutions, and organizations to provide support. The community includes all the members of the families in the immediate neighborhood, community workers, and personnel working in various institutions.

Key Points  
The progressive involvement of the community would be reflected in increased mobilization and utilization of local resources, and enhanced contribution and participation by the individuals and beneficiaries.

The contribution of the community to education are:

•   Supply of food materials, like grains and pulses. These may be procured at the time of harvesting.
•  Local vegetables, especially green leafy and yellow vegetables.
• Local fruits.
• Providing financial assistance.
• Academic and administrative support 
•  Waste material from households or from artisans e.g., empty plastic boxes, cartons, beads, old toys, pieces of cloth, wool, old newspapers, magazines, pieces of wood, potter’s clay, and so on.
•  Remember to keep a record of any cash received as well as its use carefully.

Thus, it is concluded that providing financial assistance and academic and administrative support is correct with reference to the contribution of the community to education.  

Growth basically refers to the quantitative changes in body proportion like changes in height, weight, internal organs, etc. Development, on the other hand, reflects the qualitative changes in the individual. It may be defined as a progressive series of orderly, coherent changes.

Key Points

• Growth is natural. Growth changes from an early stage to a later stage. Thus growth is confined to the physical changes which are quantifiable.
• Development is qualitative changes in the person which is reflected in the improvement in working or functioning of the person.
• For example, if we measure the height and weight of the child then we are dealing with the concept of growth but when we talk in terms of improvement in functioning like writing with a pen or keeping objects in a high place, then these changes in the child denotes developmental process.
• We may conclude that growth stops after a certain age whereas development may go on and it needs external intervention. External intervention means the influence and impact of the external environment.
• For example, a person may have mathematical ability but this ability cannot be refined unless that person is provided the opportunity to exercise his ability for maths.

Thus, it is concluded that growth is natural while development needs external intervention is true for the processes of growth and development.

Piaget’s theory tells us that the child is born with a mental/cognitive structure that develops and attains maximum growth around the age of 14 or 15 years.

Key Points

• Piaget’s theory provides a comprehensive picture of cognitive development from birth to the age of 14 or 15 when cognitive development attains its peak.
• Piaget conceives cognitive development as consisting of a series of stages, each characterized by certain kinds of behaviors, and certain ways of thinking and solving problems.
• All the age-specific stages have been grouped under four broad stages:

Hence, we can conclude that Jean Piaget's theory of child development is based on Cognitive development.

Information and Communication Technology(ICT) is defined as a diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store, and manage information.

Key Points

Role of ICT in Learning:

• ICT promotes the learner-centric curriculum approach by supporting the learners' needs and capabilities while promoting creative and critical thinking. 
• It fulfills the gaps between teaching and learning by promoting modern approaches such as multi-sensory learning that engages more than one sense at a time.
• The lessons can be presented to the students in a variety of methods that will best engage them in the material and excite their brains and ultimately enhances their teaching-learning experience.
• Information and communication technologies (ICT), when made accessible and available, enable children with disabilities to fully and effectively engage, on an equal basis, in all facets of society and development.
• It allows students and teachers to access information (books, articles, blogs, etc.). Students can learn about their subjects by watching videos, pictures, and listening to audio content.

Hence, it is clear that the role of ICT as a support and learning school management does not include the traditional approach through the medium of ICT.

Work Education is a type of education that includes manual labor as a means of imparting knowledge and skills to students.

• In India, the concept of work education was introduced in the education system after independence.

Key Points

• The National Policy on Education was first formulated in 1968 and revised in 1986 and 1992. The policy aims to provide quality education to all sections of society and improve the educational system in India.
• National Policy on Education conceived work education as purposive and meaningful manual work that results in goods or services which are useful to society.
• Work education is an integral part of the policy as it is believed that it helps in the overall development of the students.
• The policy states that work education should be introduced at the secondary stage of education and should be made compulsory for all students.
• The aim of work education is not just to impart knowledge and skills but also to develop a sense of responsibility, self-reliance, and self-confidence among students.
• It is believed that work education helps in the holistic development of students and prepares them for the challenges of the real world.

Hence, National Policy on Education conceived work education as purposive and meaningful manual work that results in goods or services which are useful to society.

Additional Information

• The Bhore Committee was a health survey and development committee established by the Government of India in 1943.
• The Kothari Commission, also known as the Education Commission, was established by the Government of India in 1964 to evaluate the state of education in the country and make recommendations for its improvement.
• The National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005 was formulated by NCERT to provide guidelines for school education in India.

The process of classroom transactions is usually based on certain curricular areas. These curricular areas, specifically the subjects have some content areas. Each unit/content has certain learning objectives to be achieved. That means after studying the concepts included in the topic/subject, the student shall perform or demonstrate in the expected manner as stated in the objectives. Hence, learning objectives are also called ‘Expected Learning Outcomes’. The teacher needs to assess the achievement of these expected learning outcomes.

Key Points

• Learning is a purposeful activity. Therefore, any subject included in the school curriculum has specified learning objectives. It is expected that after studying each subject, a student shall demonstrate the competencies/behaviours specified.
• In this context, assessment becomes an integral part of instruction, as it determines whether or not the goals of education are being met.
• Assessment affects decisions about grades, placement, advancement, instructional needs, and curriculum.
• To make the task of assessment easy and more accurate, the expected learning outcomes need to be ‘specific’, ‘measurable’, ‘achievable’, ‘realistic’ and ‘timebound’ (SMART).

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that all of the above is true.

One should carefully understand the difference between syllabus and curriculum as they are two important words in the field of education that are often confused as if they mean the same. Strictly speaking, they are two different words that give different meanings. 

Key PointsCurriculum:

• In education, a curriculum is broadly defined as the totality of student experiences that occur in the educational process.
• The term often refers specifically to a planned sequence of instruction, or a view of the student's experiences in terms of the educator's or school's instructional goals.
• The curriculum may incorporate the planned interaction of pupils with instructional content, materials, resources, and processes for evaluating the attainment of educational objectives Curriculum is split into several categories: the explicit, the implicit (including the hidden), the excluded, and the extracurricular.

Syllabus:

• A syllabus refers to the program or outline of a course of study. In other words, syllabus refers to the portions of the study prescribed in a particular subject meant for a particular course of study.
• For example, if Physics is a subject meant for a course of study called ‘material science’, then the portions of study prescribed in the subject of Physics are called a syllabus.
• A syllabus may be set out by an examination board or prepared by the tutor or instructor who teaches or controls the course and the syllabus is a part of the curriculum. 

Important Points 

What is the difference between Syllabus and Curriculum?

• The curriculum has many activities as compared to the Syllabus.
• The curriculum has a wide scope than Syllabus.
• A syllabus is descriptive and A curriculum is prescriptive or specific.
• The syllabus is for a subject while the curriculum is for a course.
• The curriculum is a broad term and the syllabus is a part of the curriculum.

Hence, the right answer to this question is curriculum is a broad term and syllabus is a part of the curriculum.

The programmes of early childhood care and education should be holistic in nature rather than providing nutrition, health and education services as piece-meal services. There are a number of these programmes being run in our country as well as in other developing countries. It is important to learn not only from one's own experience but also from that of others.

Key Points

• Recognising the holistic nature of child development, viz., nutrition, health and social, mental, physical, moral and emotional development, Early childhood Education will receive high priority.
• An ECCE programme must be holistic in nature. Further, to increase its practical viability and success, logical, implementable combinations can be tried. For instance, child care can be attached as a service to existing income-generating programmes for women.
• In most of the ECCE programmes in our country, the education component is either very low or is formal and focusses on the 3 R's (reading, writing and arithmetic). More effort is required to emphasise to families and early childhood workers, the value of play and the use of informal methods of education for young children.
• Early childhood education must essentially be through the play-way method and activity-based approach. Gradually the same should be integrated into primary schools as well, at least for the first couple of years, for better quality education and improved retention rates.

Hence, we can conclude that Early childhood Care &Education is a programme that is focused on the holistic development of the child.

Operation blackboard (OBB) scheme was launched by the national policy on education (1986). It aims at improving the human and physical resources available in the primary schools of the country.

Key Points 

• OBB stands for operation blackboard.
• The main purpose of this program was to ensure minimum essential physical facilities in all elementary schools.
• The term "operation" implied that there was urgency in the program which had a predetermined time frame for its implementation and the term "blackboard" symbolized physical facilities.
• The concept of operation blackboard implied the speedy creation of minimum essential physical facilities in school both in terms of men and material.

Thus, it can be concluded that Operation Black Board was the outcome of NPE 1986​. ​

Additional Information

• Kothari commission or National Education Commission deals with the education sector of India.
• NEP 2020 or National Education Policy is the latest education policy of India.

Tests may be of different forms, such as psychological test used to measure mental and behavioral traits, achievement test to assess performances of students, etc. They can be used to assess both the scholastic and co-scholastic abilities of the students.

Key Points

• The anecdotal records provide a means for the observation of one’s behavior
• The anecdotal records are used to record specific observations of individual student behaviours, skills and attitudes as they relate to the outcomes in the program of studies.
• Anecdotal records should be factual report of an event in a child’s life reported with adequate details so that it is a meaningful evidence of his/her behavior.
• A good Anecdotal record has the following features:
  • It provides an accurate description of any event.
  • It describes a setting sufficiently to give the events meaning.
  • If it includes interpretations or evaluation by the recorder, this interpretation is separated from the description and its different status is clearly identified.
  • The event relates to the child’s personal development or social interactions. 

Hence, we can conclude that the anecdotal records are used to record specific observations of individual student behaviours, skills and attitudes as they relate to the outcomes in the program of studies.

Additional Information

The electric and magnetic fields are Parallel and separated because magnetic field applies force only on moving charge and electric field applies force both moving and stationery charges.

Mathematical constants don't have any dimensions hence, it is dimensionless and phase constant is in angle therefore, the unit is radian.

Explanation:Time period of an oscillatory motion is the smallest interval of time for one complete oscillation.As when we apply the force on the bob,bob moves from mean position to extreme position then form extreme position to mean position and then again from mean to extreme in opposite direction and at last come to mean position.The time taken by bob in this whole process is called period of oscillation.

x₁ + x₃ = l

Differentiating with respect to time,

  we get,  v₁ + v₃ = 0

  Again differentiating with respect to time, 

Differentiating with respect to time,  v₁ + v₂ – 2v₃ = 0  

Again differentiating with respect to time, a₁ + a₂ – 2a₃ = 0  

Since, P_r​=P_b​ 
r for red and b for blue.
P_r​=P_b​
or, n_r​× (hc/λr)  ​=nb​× (hc​/λ_b)​
or,  ​(n_r/n_b)​​= λ_r​​/λ_b ​
Since, the wavelength of red bulb is greater than the wavelength of blue bulb.
or,  n_r​>n_b

Emf = - N(∆magnetic flux)/∆t
N=100turns
∆magnetic flux= -30×10-6Wb
∆t = 0.04sec
Emf = -(100turns)(-30×10-6)/(0.04sec)
Emf = 0.075V
 

An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in Thomson’s model, but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in Rutherford’s model.

Correct Answer :- d

Explanation : a) A topological sort of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is any ordering m1, m2, …, mn of the nodes

of the graph, such that if mimj is an edge then mi appears before mj . Any topological sort of a

the dependency graph gives a valid evaluation order for the semantic rules. 

b) The parse tree can be annotated with synthesized or inherited attributes. The parse tree can also be indicated with an arrow mark to indicate the manner in which the value gets propagated between the nodes of the parse tree. This graph is called as dependency graph as it indicates the dependency between nodes for deriving the values. This graph is an acyclic graph which doesn’t have a cycle. The presence of a cycle indicates that the graph is incorrect as the dependence of nodes for deriving values cannot be predicted. Edges in the dependence graph show the evaluation order for attribute values and thus the graph is a directed one.

Rate of change of area with remain same even if wire is replaced by semi-circular wire, 
∴ induced current will be same as earlier one as I = (e/R) & e i.e. induced emf is function of area because
e = – N (dɸ/dt) = – N (d/dt) (ABcoswt).
 

Electric flux density is the charge per unit area. Hence it is a function of charge and not any of the other values.

Distance between the slits, d=0.28×10−3 m

Distance between the slits and the screen, D=1.4m

Distance between the central fringe and the fourth (n=4) fringe, 

u=1.2×10−2 m

In case of a constructive interference, we have the relation for the distance between the two fringes as:

u=nλD/d

⇒λ=ud/nD=6×10−7m=600nm

The plate which connected to high voltage generator induces negative charge on ball which causes attraction. When the ball strikes the positive plate, charge distribution again takes place that is the bass becomes positive and repulsion takes place. When it strikes the plate which connected to earth than its charge goes to earth and again it will be attracted towards positive plate. Hence the ball swings backward and forward hitting each plate in turn.

A tuning fork is made of an alloy of steel, nickel and chromium, called elinvar, i.e. the material for which the elasticity does not change.