Test: Animals and Plants - 1 - CTET & State TET MCQ

Explanation:

• Herbs: These are small, non-woody plants with a soft stem. They typically have a single stem and do not usually have branches at the base. Examples include basil, mint, and coriander.

• Shrubs: These are medium-sized plants with multiple woody stems that usually start branching out from the base or near the ground. Shrubs are bushy and shorter than trees. Examples include rose, hibiscus, and bougainvillea.

• Creepers: These are plants with very weak stems that grow along the ground or other surfaces. They don't usually have branches at the base, but they spread out horizontally. Examples include pumpkin, watermelon, and ivy.

• Trees: These are tall, woody plants with a single main trunk and branches that usually grow higher up from the ground. They typically do not have branches at the base. Examples include oak, pine, and mango.

Shrubs are the correct answer because they are characterized by having branches that grow from the base, giving them a bushy appearance.

Cuscuta possess no roots nor fully expanded leaves and the vegetative portion appears to be a stem only.

Roots are mainly of two types: tap root and fibrous roots.
Plants having leaves with reticulate venation have tap roots while plants having leaves with parallel venation have fibrous roots.

There are some plants with weak stems that cannot stand upright and spread on the ground. These are called creepers, while those that take support on neighbouring structures and climb up are called climbers. These are different from the herbs, shrubs and trees.

• Flowers: They hold the plant's baby-making parts and aid in pollination, where pollen reaches the eggs for fertilization.
• Fruits: They come from a flower's ripe ovary, housing seeds. Fruits help seeds spread for new plant growth.
• Seeds: These are baby plants' beginnings with all the genetic details for future growth. They often travel with the help of wind, animals, or water.
• In contrast, roots, stems, and leaves are about plant support, growth, and food-making through photosynthesis.

During photosynthesis, chlorophyll containing cells of leaves in the presence of sunlight, use carbon dioxide and water to synthesise carbohydrates in the form of glucose and stores the synthesized food as starch.

The part of a leaf by which it is attached to the stem is called petiole.

Coleus or Solenostemon species are generally bright with vibrant leaf colours. They are sturdy growers, although some of the seed varieties are less robust than those propagated by vegetative means. They are often used in landscaping as they stand out in a bedding scheme due to their bright foliage.

Plants with weak stem that cannot stand upright and spread on the ground are called Creepers. Examples: Pumpkin, Watermelon, mint, sweet potato, etc. 

The major function of stomata is the exchange of gases by taking carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and giving out oxygen that is used by human beings and animals.  They help in photosynthesis and transpiration.

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a process used by plants to manufacture food with the help of sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. It is through the stomata that the plant takes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The water molecule is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen, and it is through the stomata that the oxygen is then released as a by-product in the atmosphere. Stomata are the medium of gaseous exchange and cellular respiration in plants.

Transpiration

Transpiration is a process of evaporation of water from the surface of the plant. This keeps the plant cool and transfers minerals and other materials to different parts of the plant. As the plant takes water from the soil, the openings absorb other minerals. For a plant to take water from the soil, water needs to evaporate from the surface of the plant. Once this happens, pressure is developed that forces the roots to absorb water from the soil and transfer it to the tips of the plant. It is through the stomata that the major work of evaporation of water is done.

Roots prevents Soil Erosion. 

Tree roots begin as thick stems that branch into fine filaments to create a network of flexible tendrils that help stabilize the soil around the tree and hold it in place. 

Parts of the Stem

All stems of the angiosperms, including those which are highly modified, are recognizable from other plant organs by their presence of nodes, internodes, buds and leaves. A node is a point on the stem from which leaves or buds arise. The portion between two successive nodes is the internode.

A bud is an embryonic stem which has the potential for further plant growth. It may develop into a leaf, flower, or both. Such buds are called leaf buds, flower buds and mixed buds, respectively. Many buds remain dormant within a certain duration or they may be embedded in the stem tissue as to become hardly visible. A single bud that is found at the apex of the stem is called terminal bud while lateral buds or axillary buds occur in the leaf axils, the upper angle between the stem and leaves. As a result of injury, adventitious buds may be formed also in the internode of the stems, in leaves, or roots. The “eyes” of the potato tuber are buds.

The major function of stomata is the exchange of gases by taking carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and giving out oxygen that is used by human beings and animals.  They help in photosynthesis and transpiration.

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a process used by plants to manufacture food with the help of sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. It is through the stomata that the plant takes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The water molecule is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen, and it is through the stomata that the oxygen is then released as a by-product in the atmosphere. Stomata are the medium of gaseous exchange and cellular respiration in plants.

Transpiration

Transpiration is a process of evaporation of water from the surface of the plant. This keeps the plant cool and transfers minerals and other materials to different parts of the plant. As the plant takes water from the soil, the openings absorb other minerals. For a plant to take water from the soil, water needs to evaporate from the surface of the plant. Once this happens, pressure is developed that forces the roots to absorb water from the soil and transfer it to the tips of the plant. It is through the stomata that the major work of evaporation of water is done.

Roots prevents Soil Erosion. 

Tree roots begin as thick stems that branch into fine filaments to create a network of flexible tendrils that help stabilize the soil around the tree and hold it in place. 

The correct option is C.
Tomato, wheat, paddy, grass and bananas are a few examples of herbs.

The male sex cells of seed plants (flowering plants, conifers, and cycads) are contained in tough capsules called POLLEN. Pollen grains are produced by organs called anthers and must be transferred to the female parts of plants in order to form seeds. This process, called pollination, can be achieved in various ways. Some plants are assisted by animals that act as POLLINATORS. 

Correct option is D. Marigold

During photosynthesis, chlorophyll containing cells of leaves in the presence of sunlight, use carbon dioxide and water to synthesise carbohydrates in the form of glucose and stores the synthesized food as starch.

Explanation:

• Herbs: These are small, non-woody plants with a soft stem. They typically have a single stem and do not usually have branches at the base. Examples include basil, mint, and coriander.

• Shrubs: These are medium-sized plants with multiple woody stems that usually start branching out from the base or near the ground. Shrubs are bushy and shorter than trees. Examples include rose, hibiscus, and bougainvillea.

• Creepers: These are plants with very weak stems that grow along the ground or other surfaces. They don't usually have branches at the base, but they spread out horizontally. Examples include pumpkin, watermelon, and ivy.

• Trees: These are tall, woody plants with a single main trunk and branches that usually grow higher up from the ground. They typically do not have branches at the base. Examples include oak, pine, and mango.

Shrubs are the correct answer because they are characterized by having branches that grow from the base, giving them a bushy appearance.

Onion is one among the family of plants,with modified stem. The onion bulb is the modified stem,which is used for eating. If the plant as a whole is observed then one can find roots at the lower end while leaves can be seen on the other end,in green onions.

The plant parts like root, stem, and leaves are called vegetative parts because they have the power of growing asexually without getting involved in the process of reproduction. These do not contain any germ cells (sexually reproducing cells) but still are capable of giving rise to young plants by vegetative propagation. New shoot and root germinate from nodes and adventitious buds. Plants raised by vegetative propagation can bear flowers and fruits earlier than those produced from seeds.

Plants with green and tender stems are called herbs. They are usually short and may not have many branches.

Carpel is the female reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of an ovary, a stigma, and usually a style. It may occur singly or as one of a group.

The gynoecium (whether composed of a single carpel or multiple "fused" carpels) is typically made up of an ovary, style, and stigma as in the center of the flower.

The male sex cells of the seed plants or flowering plants are contained in tough capsules, called as pollen. Pollen grains are produced by male organs, anthers or stamens.

Thus, the correct answer is option (A), 'Anther'.

The part of a leaf by which it is attached to the stem is called petiole.

Embryo or baby plant: It is present inside the seeds which develop into a new plant. The embryo gives rise to a baby shoot (plumule) and root (radical).

Whorls of a flower are circular sections of a flower with a common centre. When a flower is seen from the top its whorls can easily be distinguished. A flower is made up of four whorls:

1) The outermost whorl is known as the Calyx and comprises of the sepals.
2) The second whorl comprises of the petals and is known as the Corolla.
3)The Stamens and Carpels constitute the inner whorls that contain the reproductive organs of a flower.

When a flower has all the sets of whorls, it is described as complete flower. 

Whorls of a flower are circular sections of a flower with a common centre. When a flower is seen from the top its whorls can easily be distinguished. A flower is made up of four whorls:

1) The outermost whorl is known as the Calyx and comprises of the sepals.
2) The second whorl comprises of the petals and is known as the Corolla.
3)The Stamens and Carpels constitute the inner whorls that contain the reproductive organs of a flower.

When a flower has all the sets of whorls, it is described as complete flower. 

Plants with green and tender stems are called herbs. They are usually short and may not have many branches.

Cuscuta possess no roots nor fully expanded leaves and the vegetative portion appears to be a stem only.