Which one among the following is the correct sequence of scientific process?

Observing the fact → making hypothesis → collecting data → drawing inference (laws)

Making hypothesis → observing the fact → collecting data → drawing inference (law)

Observing the fact → making hypothesis → drawing inference (law) → collecting data

Collecting data → observing the fact → making hypothesis → drawing inference (law)

A scientific hypothesis is a

statement based on simple observation of a fact

tentative explanation capable of being tested by observation or experiments

an assumption made by some scientists

a collection of some data based on observations

In any scientific experiment, the experimental errors can be controlled by

keeping many replications of the experiment

keeping experimental conditions under control

As per NCF 2005, at the upper primary stage, the teaching of science should have maximum focus on

relating classroom learning and life outside the school

memorising all scientific terms used in textbook

providing answers of all questions given in textbook exercises

improving performance of students in examination

On the basis of recommendations of National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005, NCERT textbooks in science lay greater emphasis on

giving active learning experiences to students.

teaching scientific terms’ exact definitions

upholding sharp boundaries between different domains of science curriculum.

NCF-2005 states ‘‘Good science education is true to science’’, what does it mean?

Science education should teach only the science content and should not relate it to other subjects

Only true science should be taught and students should take it seriously and memorise everything that is being taught

Science education should convey its content at a suitable level and engage the child in learning the procedures of obtaining and validating scientific knowledge

Science education should be given properly, using the laboratory facilities

Which of the following statements does not describe the meaning of ‘curriculum’?

Sum total of all learning experiences inside and outside the classroom

Content, pedagogy and assessment techniques

All the experiences of a child at home and at school

Planned learning experiences guided by the curriculum framework

While selecting a performance task to help students develop research-oriented skills in a science class, a teacher may pick up a topic

which majority of the students in a class find interesting

which she thinks is important for the students

related to a problem faced by students in their day-to-day functioning and which is a part of the concepts to be covered for this class

from the content given in the syllabus which must be completed in time

What does cognitive validity mean?

Content of the curriculum must be significant and scientifically correct

Science teaching should enable the learner to know how science evolved with reliable theories

Science content should be age appropriate so that children can understand them and the way of teaching should be according to the level of the child

Curriculum of science should enable the learner to appreciate the issues related to science, technology and society

Of the following activities in a science class the one with least educational value is

discussing a scientific principle

reading about a simple experiment

‘Cognitive validity’ of science curriculum at upper primary stage implies that it should

convey significant and scientifically correct facts

use appropriate pedagogical processes in teaching

enable the child to view science as a social enterprise

Which statement is not true regarding recommendation of NCF-2005?

Keeping universities free from politics

Connecting knowledge to outside life

Respecting democratic values nation

The first step of the scientific method is

predicting the result of experiment

Science is considered to be questioning, exploring, doing and investigating. Which of the following activities, carried out by Dipika in teaching of science, is best suited to satisfy these criteria?

A debate on environmental issues

Project work on nature of sound

A group discussion on common diseases

Good science education should be ‘true to the child’, implies that science we teach should

relate to the environment of the child

convey significant aspects of science content

engage the child in learning process skills

Which one of the following statements about scientific knowledge would you not agree with?

Scientific knowledge is absolute, certain and eternal

Development of scientific knowledge involves imagination and creativity

Scientific knowledge is socially and culturally embedded

Scientific knowledge is theory laden

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