Test: Introduction to p-Block Elements - JEE MCQ

The element M in the complex ion MF₆^3-  has a coordination number of six. Since B has only s- and p-orbitals and no d – orbitals, therefore, at the maximum it can show a coordination number of 4. Thus, B cannot form a complex of the type MF₆^3-.

B > Al < Ga  The trend in ionization enthalpy is because there is decrease in Ionisation enthalpy from B to Al due to increase in size and from Al to Ga. Ga has more ionisation energy than Al due to uneffective screening effect.

Fluorine differs from other halogens due to its small size, high electronegativity, and lack of d-orbitals in the valence shell. 

The acidic character of oxides of group 13 decreases down the group because the non-metallic character of elements decreases down the group and the metallic character increases.​
And we know that oxides of metals are basic in nature and oxides of non-metals are acidic in nature.

Thus, the acidic character of oxides of group 13 decreases down the group.
Example:

• Boron (1st element of group 13) is non-metal, so its oxide is acidic.
• Aluminum (2nd element of group 13) shows characteristics of both metal and non-metal, so its oxide shows amphoteric nature.
• As we go down the group, indium and thalium (4th and 5th element of group 13) show metallic properties, so their oxides are basic.

Galium can occur in liquid state if the room is above 29.76C which is its melting point. So,option d is correct

The atomic radius of the Ga is less than Al because of poor screening effect. The atomic radius of Ga is slightly lesser than of Al because in going from Al to Ga, the electrons have already occupied 3d sub shell in Ga

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) does not form hydrogen bonding.
• This is because in hydrogen bonding the bonding is formed between hydrogen and elements Nitrogen, Oxygen and Flourine.
• In Hydrochloric acid (HCl) there are no elements like Nitrogen, Oxygen and Flourine so it cannot form hydrogen bonding.

 The oxygen-oxygen bond length in ozone is identical with of molecular oxygen
The bond length in ozone is intermediate between those of single O-O and double O=O bonds.The bond angle is O3 is 117∘ with O-O distance 127.8pm.
 

• The oxidation state of an element is related to the number of electrons that an atom loses, gains, or appears to use when joining with another atom in compounds. 
• It also determines the ability of an atom to oxidize (to lose electrons) or to reduce (to gain electrons) other atoms or species.
• They should release the total valence electrons to attain stability, so the maximum possible oxidation state is the number of valence electrons.

• White phosphorus exists as molecules made up of four atoms in a tetrahedral structure.
• The tetrahedral arrangement results in ring strain and instability.
• The molecule is described as consisting of six single P–P bonds.
• Two crystalline forms are known.