Bihar STET Paper 1 Science Mock Test - 5 - Bihar PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

• In the given reaction, the compound breaks down into two simpler products.
• Calcium carbonate is decomposed to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.

​​​​​​​So Option A is correct

Nephrons are the basic filtration units in the kidneys.

Answer:
The answer is D: gram. Gram is not a source of carbohydrate.
Carbohydrates are one of the three macronutrients that provide energy to the body. They are composed of sugars, starches, and fibers. The main sources of carbohydrates are grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
Here is a breakdown of each option and whether it is a source of carbohydrate:
- A: Rice: Rice is a staple food and a major source of carbohydrates in many countries. It contains complex carbohydrates in the form of starch.
- B: Millets: Millets are a group of small-seeded grasses that are widely cultivated as cereal crops. They are rich in carbohydrates and provide a good source of energy.
- C: Sorghum: Sorghum is a cereal grain that is commonly used as a staple food in Africa and Asia. It is a good source of carbohydrates and provides dietary fiber as well.
- D: Gram: Gram, also known as chickpeas or garbanzo beans, is a type of legume. While it is a good source of protein and dietary fiber, it is not a significant source of carbohydrates.
In conclusion, while rice, millets, and sorghum are all sources of carbohydrates, gram is not.

Clouds and fogs are example of liquid in gas solution. Cloud is formed by combination of water vapour with dust particles. Fogs contain water vapour and gases.

 

Desert cooler causes cooling effect due to evaporation of water as evaporation causes cooling effect. A desert cooler works more effectively when the weather is hot and dry.

The chemical formula for baking soda is NaHCO₃, which stands for sodium bicarbonate. Baking soda is commonly used in various applications such as in cooking, as an antacid, and as a water softener due to its alkaline properties.

Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration carried out primarily by fungi and bacteria. It involves the breakdown of carbohydrates and other organic compounds outside the cell in a liquid medium, leading to the formation of alcohol, organic acids, gases, etc.

Neutral oxides show neither basic nor acidic properties and hence do not form salts when reacted with acids or bases, eg., water H2O,  carbon monoxide CO  etc. are neutral oxides. 

Parenchyma cells are plant cells that have thin cell walls and are usually involved in storage, photosynthesis, and support. Sclerenchyma cells are plant cells that have thick cell walls and are usually involved in support and protection.

Collenchyma cells are plant cells that have thickened cell walls at the corners and are usually involved in support. These cells are found in areas of the plant that are undergoing growth or where there is a need for extra support, such as at the tips of shoots and stems and in the outer layers of leaves.

Therefore, the correct answer is 1, "Collenchyma."

Sexual Reproduction
- Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parents to produce offspring with a combination of genetic traits.
- This process ensures genetic diversity and variation within a population.
- It requires the involvement of specialized reproductive organs and mechanisms, such as fertilization and meiosis.
- In sexual reproduction, the offspring inherit traits from both parents, resulting in a unique combination of genetic material.
- The genetic variation introduced through sexual reproduction can enhance the adaptability and survival of a species in changing environments.
- Examples of sexual reproduction include the union of sperm and egg cells in animals, pollination in plants, and mating in fungi.
- It is a common method of reproduction in most multicellular organisms, including humans.
- In contrast, asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring from a single parent without the involvement of gametes or fertilization.
- Asexual reproduction leads to genetically identical offspring, limiting genetic diversity and adaptability.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Sexual reproduction.

The correct option is D.
.. Even though it only has two electrons, it is grouped with elements that have eight valence electrons. Helium is still happy because its outermost shell is completely full making it extremely stable. The noble gases are happy with their completely filled valence shells.

Arabari Project - Detailed Solution
Introduction:
The Arabari project, initiated in 1972, is an important conservation project in India. It focuses on the sustainable management of forests and wildlife.
Location:
The Arabari project is located in the state of West Bengal, India.
Objective:
The project aims to protect and restore the forest ecosystem, promote sustainable forestry practices, and conserve wildlife species in the Arabari forest region.
Key Features:
1. Afforestation: The project involves extensive afforestation efforts to increase the forest cover in the Arabari region.
2. Wildlife Conservation: It focuses on the conservation of various wildlife species, including endangered and threatened species.
3. Community Involvement: The project encourages active participation and involvement of local communities in forest management and conservation activities.
4. Sustainable Forest Management: It promotes sustainable practices such as selective logging, controlled grazing, and prevention of forest fires.
5. Research and Monitoring: The project conducts research and monitoring activities to assess the impact of conservation efforts and develop effective strategies.
6. Awareness and Education: It conducts awareness programs and educational campaigns to promote environmental conservation among local communities and stakeholders.
Impact:
1. Increase in Forest Cover: The Arabari project has successfully increased the forest cover in the region, leading to improved habitat for wildlife.
2. Wildlife Protection: The conservation efforts have resulted in the protection of various wildlife species, including the Bengal tiger, Indian elephant, and several bird species.
3. Livelihood Support: The involvement of local communities in conservation activities has created opportunities for sustainable livelihoods through eco-tourism and forest-based industries.
4. Carbon Sequestration: The project contributes to mitigating climate change by sequestering carbon dioxide through increased forest cover.
Conclusion:
The Arabari project, initiated in 1972 in West Bengal, has been instrumental in conserving forests, protecting wildlife, and promoting sustainable forest management practices. Its success lies in the active involvement of local communities and the implementation of various conservation strategies.

Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis are almost opposite processes because photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while cellular respiration puts back carbon dioxide.

Washing soda, also known as sodium carbonate, is derived from sodium chloride. It can be produced by heating baking soda, which then can be recrystallized to yield washing soda in its hydrated form. Sodium carbonate, like washing soda, is a basic salt with alkaline properties commonly used in various industries and as a cleaning agent for household purposes.

Ground water will not be depleted due to:
There are several factors that can help prevent the depletion of ground water. Here is a detailed explanation of why ground water will not be depleted due to the given options:
Afforestation:
- Afforestation refers to the process of planting trees and creating forests in areas where there were none.
- This helps in increasing the overall vegetation cover and contributes to the conservation of ground water.
- Trees play a crucial role in regulating the water cycle by absorbing and releasing water through their roots and leaves.
- The roots of trees also help in improving soil structure, which allows for better water infiltration and reduces surface runoff.
- Therefore, afforestation can help in recharging ground water and preventing its depletion.
Thermal power plants:
- Thermal power plants, which use water for cooling purposes, can have an impact on ground water resources.
- However, the depletion of ground water due to thermal power plants can be minimized through proper water management practices.
- Implementing technologies like closed-loop cooling systems, which minimize water consumption, can help reduce the impact on ground water resources.
- Additionally, recycling and reusing water within the power plant can further reduce the demand for fresh water and minimize depletion.
Loss of forest and decreased rainfall:
- Loss of forest cover and decreased rainfall can have negative effects on ground water resources.
- Forests play a crucial role in capturing and storing rainfall, allowing it to infiltrate into the ground and replenish ground water.
- When forests are lost or rainfall decreases, there is less water available to recharge ground water, leading to its depletion.
- Therefore, the loss of forest cover and decreased rainfall can contribute to the depletion of ground water.
Cropping of high water demanding crops:
- Some crops have high water requirements and can put a strain on ground water resources if not managed properly.
- However, implementing efficient irrigation techniques and water management practices can help minimize the water demand for these crops.
- Techniques like drip irrigation and precision farming can optimize water use and reduce the depletion of ground water.
- Proper crop selection, based on local water availability and suitability, can also help prevent excessive water consumption and depletion of ground water.
In conclusion, ground water can be conserved and its depletion prevented through various measures. Afforestation, proper water management in thermal power plants, conservation of forest cover, increased rainfall, and efficient irrigation techniques can all contribute to the sustainable use of ground water resources.

What marks the beginning of the reproductive life of a woman?
The correct answer is B: Menarche.
Explanation:
Menarche is the term used to describe the first occurrence of menstruation in girls. It marks the beginning of the reproductive life of a woman. Here is a detailed explanation:
Menarche:
- Menarche refers to the onset of menstruation in girls, typically occurring between the ages of 10 and 15, although it can vary.
- It is a significant milestone in a girl's life and indicates that her reproductive system is maturing.
- Menarche is accompanied by hormonal changes as the body prepares for potential pregnancy.
- It signifies that the ovaries are starting to release eggs and the uterus is developing a lining to support a possible pregnancy.
Other Options:
- Menopause (Option A) is the end of a woman's reproductive period and refers to the cessation of menstrual periods.
- Fertilisation (Option C) is the process by which a sperm cell combines with an egg cell to form a zygote, which can develop into an embryo.
- Ovulation (Option D) is the release of a mature egg from the ovary, which typically occurs midway through the menstrual cycle.
Overall, menarche is the correct answer as it marks the beginning of a woman's reproductive life by initiating the menstrual cycle.

Only the statement (iv) that in the Modern Periodic Table, the elements are arranged on the basis of increasing atomic number.

New species may be formed if DNA undergoes significant change in germ cells. Changes in DNA will be inherited by the germ cells. Germ cells which when passes to the next generation will be inherited in the subsequent generations.

Change in the chromosome number makes a change in the gametes which leads to change in the gene pool and causes variation. 

The organs that produce the gametes are referred to as the primary sex organs. These are the gonalds, the testicles in the male and the ovaries in the female.

Washing soda, or sodium carbonate, finds applications in the glass, soap, and paper industries. It is utilized for various purposes in these industries, including as a cleaning agent, in the production of other sodium compounds like borax, and to address the issue of permanent water hardness in different processes.

Modern atomic symbols are based on the method proposed by Berzelius

Explanation:

• Berzelius: Jöns Jacob Berzelius was a Swedish chemist who proposed a method for representing elements using symbols.


• Atomic Symbols: Atomic symbols are abbreviated representations of chemical elements. They are used to represent elements in chemical equations and discussions.


• Berzelius' Method: Berzelius proposed a method of using one or two letters to represent elements. For example, the symbol "H" represents hydrogen, "O" represents oxygen, and "Na" represents sodium.


• Importance: Berzelius' method of atomic symbols provided a more concise and standardized way to represent elements, making it easier for scientists to communicate and understand chemical reactions and properties.


• Continued Use: Berzelius' method of atomic symbols is still used today. The symbols for elements on the periodic table are based on his system.

Therefore, the correct answer is B: Berzelius.

 pH above 7 confirms the compound to be alkaline in nature so it can be either sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide as HCl and CH₃COOH are acidic in nature. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, so it has the highest pH about 14 while sodium carbonate is a weak base so it can have pH 9.

Classroom management: Classroom management refers to the actions and strategies teachers use to solve the problems of order in classrooms.

It involves activities such as:

• stating a set of ground rules for the classroom and organizing instruction
• taking charge of the classroom activities
• creating a productive learning environment
• planning strategies to deal with potential problems

NOTE:

Teaching profession is a 'mission', rather than a job. A teacher may not find the affirmation of his/her career choice in salary, administrators or even the students whom he/she teaches, but he/she must believe in the uncanny ability of a good teacher to positively impact the future and to leave lasting, indelible marks on those who will one day be the leaders in all facets of society. It is this power in the hands of a teacher that translates to big responsibility. A teacher who realises these things is on a mission to empower, enable and to make a positive difference.

Lesson planning should be based on both, the needs of the learners and the process for evaluation to be followed. The content should be presented in such a way that it fulfils the student's academic needs. The process of the evaluation must be decided beforehand, so that the teacher understands how much learning has taken place. Different kinds of evaluation processes could be used, depending upon the learning objectives.

If different tasks are used by the teacher to teach her students through different styles of teaching, the teacher can be said to be adopting the theory given by Gardner.

The ‘Asia-Pacific Leaders’ Conclave on Malaria Elimination’ will be organized in New Delhi by the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in partnership with the Asia Pacific Leaders Malaria Alliance (APLMA) as a precursor to World Malaria Day.
Its goal is to reaffirm political commitment to achieve malaria elimination by 2030.

Kerala - Kathakali
Orissa - Odissi
Tamil Nadu - Bharatnatyam
Assam - Bihu

The pattern followed is:

Hence, the correct answer is "PM".