HSSC TGT Math Mock Test - 1 - HSSC PGT/TGT MCQ

An individual is a social being who lives in a society and is surrounded by various societal aspects. Those aspects directly or indirectly, at some level influence the person either on a small level or a large level. 

Key Points

•  The real classroom level where teaching-learning takes place indicates the micro level. 
• The micro level includes the immediate surroundings an individual lives in
• Schools, neighbourhoods, etc. are some examples of micro level. 
• The experiences of the classroom influence the child's behaviour and feelings directly hence it is at the micro level. 
• Learning in the classroom directly affects the child's perception and behaviour.

Thus, it can be concluded that the real classroom level where teaching-learning takes place indicates the micro level. 

Explanation:

Solar energy - Greenhouse effect - Incorrect

• The term ‘Greenhouse effect’ has been derived from a phenomenon that occurs in a greenhouse.
• A greenhouse looks like a small glasshouse and is used for growing plants, especially during winter.
• In a greenhouse, the glass panel lets the light in but does not allow heat to escape.
• Therefore, the greenhouse warms up, very much like inside a car that has been parked in the sun for a few hours. 
• The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon that is responsible for heating of Earth’s surface and atmosphere.
• Solar energy is trapped by the earth atmosphere and radiates slowly so as to cover our earth with a warm blanket.
• This is the natural process of the greenhouse effect on earth to maintain its temperature and makes the earth perfect for life.
• Without the greenhouse effect, the average temperature at the surface of Earth would have been a chilly –18oC rather than the present average of 15oC.
• Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour are the major greenhouse gases that absorb the infrared radiation from the Earth and re-emit it.
• It is not caused due to solar energy but due to greenhouse gasses.

Thus, the solar energy-greenhouse effect is not the correct pair.

Additional InformationFossil fuel-burning - Release of CO2 - Correct

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂ ) is released into the atmosphere by respiration, the burning of fossil fuels for energy.
• In recent years, their quantities have increased significantly due to the burning of fossil fuels.
• The increased amount of CO2 in the air is mainly responsible for global warming.

Nuclear power - Radioactive wastes - Correct

• Initially, nuclear energy was hailed as a non-polluting way of generating electricity.
• Later on, it was realised that the use of nuclear energy has very serious inherent problems i.e. the generation of radioactive waste.
• Safe disposal of radioactive wastes is important in nuclear power energy factories.
• Improper disposal of nuclear waste can cause serious physical and biological deformities in living organisms when directly exposed to them. 

Biomass burning - Release of CO2  - Correct

• Biomass burning means the burning of living or dead vegetation.
• It happens during land cleaning in the agriculture process when crops are out of the field.
• In this process, a high amount of CO₂ is released into the environment.

The correct answer is Safidon.Key Points

• The ancient city of Haryana Sarpadaman is known as safidon.
• Safidon was discovered in the fourteenth century by the Mughal King named Firoz Shah Tughlaq, he was one of the visionary rulers who discovered the place.
• He wanted to build a canal passing through the river Yamuna to jind.
• When Timur attacked India he attacked Punjab and the parts of Haryana but this place was safe from his hands as it wasn’t that talking.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 70.

Key Points

• The major crops of the state are wheat and rice.
• Haryana is the second largest contributor to India’s central pool of food grains.
• When the green revolution started in India in 1970, Haryana contributed significantly.

The correct answer is Gurugram.

Key Points

• The climate of the state is subtropical, semi-arid to sub-humid, continental, and monsoon type.
• The state has three distinct climatic regions namely the hot arid region, hot semi-arid region, and hot sub-humid region.
• Haryana is very hot in summer and markedly cold in winter. The maximum temperature in the months of May and June goes as high as 46 degrees Celcius.
• The climate is arid to semi-arid with an average rainfall of 354.5mm.
• Under the Koppen climate classification, Gurugram experiences a hot semi-arid climate(BSh).
• The city experiences four distinct seasons- spring(February-March), summer (April-August), autumn (October-November), and winter (December-January).
• The season experiences heat indices easily breaking 43 degrees Celcius. winters are cool and foggy with few sunny days.
• Gurugram is a city located in the northern Indian state of Haryana. It is situated near the Delhi-Haryana border, about 30 kilometers southwest of the national capital New Delhi.

The correct answer is 2,53,51,462.

Key Points

• Population Census 2011 published by the Government of India for the state of Haryana shows that the population of Haryana has increased by 19.90% in this decade (2001-2011) as compared to the previous decade (1991-2001).
  • Haryana is a state in India with a population of 2.54 crores.
  • The population of Haryana state is 25,351,462.
  • The density of Haryana state is 573 per sq. km.
  • Haryana state is spread over an area of ​​44,212 sq. km.

Additional Information

• Literacy rate of Haryana census 2011:
  • Total Literacy: 76.64%
  • Male Literacy: 85.38%
  • Female Literacy: 66.67%

The correct answer is Jhajjar.Key Points

• Former Army Chief General Dalbir Singh Suhag belong to district Jhajjar.
• General Dalbir Singh Suhag is a former Indian Army General.
  • He was awarded the ‘Legion of Merit (Degree of commander)’ by the United States government on 17th Aug 2018.
  • He is currently serving as the Indian high commissioner to Seychelles.
  • He served as the 26th chief of the army staff of the Indian army from 2014 to 2016.
  • He was honoured with the 'Param Vishisht Seva Medal' for services of an exceptionally high order to the nation.
  • Honoured with the 'Vishisht Seva Medal' for intense counter-insurgency operations in the Kashmir valley.

Additional Information

• Haryana:
  • State Formed -1 November 1966
  • Capital - Chandigarh
  • Districts - 22
  • Chief Minister - Manohar Lal Khattar
  • Deputy Chief Minister - Dushyant Chautala.

Concept:

• India ranks high when it comes to the number of accidents on the road.
• In recent years, improvement has been seen in this area.
• With the rapid increase in the number of vehicles on the road, the traffic conditions are under a lot of pressure.
• Therefore, road safety is one of the most serious public health issues in our country.
• It has an impact on everyone, whether one drives a vehicle, walks or rides a cycle. 

Explanation:

Crossing the road:

• Always double-check that the road is clear before you cross.
• Look to the right first because traffic will be closer to you on that side.
• Then, look to the left to see if any vehicles are coming.
• Finally, check right again right before you cross to make sure the road is clear.
• If you think you might see something coming, stop and wait to see if it’s anything to worry about.
• It’s better to take your time and be safe.

Thus, it is safe to cross at a zebra crossing when the traffic on both sides has stopped.

Additional Information

A few important road safety tips are

• Do not use your mobile phone while driving.
• Use seatbelts even while sitting at the back seat of the vehicle.
• Do not drink and drive.
• Always adhere to the speed limit.
• Take special care with regard to children, senior citizens and pedestrians. 
• Do not drive if tired.
• Pedestrians should walk cautiously and make use of zebra crossing.
• Stay alert and observant while driving.
• Keep distance from other vehicles while driving.
• Always wear helmets and seatbelts.
• Drive on the left side of the road.
• Zebra crossing must be used to cross the road.
• A footpath should be used while walking.

The correct answer is Yamunanagar.

Key Points

• Delhi-Topra pillar edict is pillar inscription of Ashoka.
• It was originally erected in Topra Kalan of Yamunanagar district of Haryana.
• It is now found in FerozShah Kotla,Delhi.(believed to be shifted by Firuz Shah Tuglaq)
• The edict has inscriptions about morals by Ashoka.

Additional Information

• Panipat in Haryana is the place where the famous Battles of Panipat I, II, III took place which played an important role in shaping the History of India.
• Banwali and Rakhigarhi are famous Indus Valley sites found in the state.

The correct answer is Should not drive in the silence zone at all.

Key Points

• Driving in a silence zone is allowed.
• The Motor Vehicles Act of 2017  (Regulation 23) deals with the "Use of horns and silence zones".
• It states that:

  • (1) Unnecessary use of horns is prohibited.

  • (2) As far as may be, the horn shall be sounded only when the driver apprehends danger to himself or to any other road user.

  • (3) The driver shall sound the horn when directed by the mandatory sign.

  • (4) The driver shall not-

    • (a) sound the horn continuously or repeatedly or for a duration longer than necessary or in residential areas or in a silence zone indicated by a mandatory sign;

    • (b) make use of a cut-out by which exhaust gases are released other than through the silencer;

    • (c) fit or use an air horn or a multi-toned horn giving a harsh, shrill, loud or alarming noise except as provided in sub-rule (3) of rule 119 of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules,1989;

    • (d) drive a vehicle which creates undue noise or causes an alarming sound when in motion.

Important Points

• Section 194 F of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 deals with the penalties for "Use of horns and Silence zones":
  • A person shall be punishable with a fine of Rs. 1,000 and for a second or subsequent offence with a fine of Rs. 2,000 under these circumstances:
    • (a) while driving a motor vehicle--
      (i) sounds the horn needlessly or continuously or more than necessary to ensure safety, or
      (ii) sounds the horn in an area with a traffic sign prohibiting the use of a horn, or
    • (b) drives a motor vehicle which makes use of a cut-out by which exhaust gases are released other than through the silencer.

Socialization is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society. Socialization encompasses both learning and teaching and is thus "how social and cultural continuity is attained".

Important PointsGender socialization is the process by which we learn our culture's gender-related rules, norms, and expectations.

• The most common agents of gender socialization—in other words, the people who influence the process—are parents, teachers, schools, and the media.
• Through gender socialization, children begin to develop their own beliefs about gender and ultimately form their own gender identity. 
• Much before children begin to know themselves as a male or a female they receive a series of clues from adults in their family and society because male and female adults have different ways of managing infants.
• Differences in the manner of dressing, hairstyle, different cosmetic products used by men and women, provide children with indicators of variation between the male and female.
• Within two years of age, children begin to vaguely understand what gender is. Apart from adults around them, children receive a lot of clues about gender roles and differences from television programmes, toys they play with as well as from their colouring and picture books.
• For example, a baby girl is very commonly seen playing with dolls and/or a kitchen set while a boy would be found playing with toy cars and/or toy guns.

Additional Information

1. Primary socialization: Primary socialization for a child is very important because it sets the groundwork for all future socialization. It is mainly influenced by the immediate family and friends.
2. Secondary socialization: Secondary socialization takes place outside the home. It is where children and adults learn how to acting in a way that is appropriate for the situations they are in. 
3. Anticipatory socialization: Anticipatory socialization refers to the processes of socialization in which a person "rehearses" for future positions, occupations, and social relationships.

Hence, we can conclude that a baby girl is very commonly seen playing with dolls and/or a kitchen set while a boy would be found playing with toy cars and/or toy guns is a prominent example of gender socialisation.

Adolescence marks an important time in the process of human development, the passage between childhood and adulthood. It is a time of tremendous opportunity and promises when adolescents begin to explore their growing individuality and independence and begin to think critically about themselves and the world around them. 

Key Points In the social sphere, adolescents undergo a lot of changes in their interpersonal relationships and they also begin to understand society and its diverse influences. The dependence on parents noted during childhood gets transformed into dependence on friends and peers. And adolescent starts to develop an attraction towards members of the opposite sex. Adolescents also begin to acquire beliefs, opinions, attitudes, and stereotypes about a society based upon their own understanding.

Characteristics of Adolescents’ Social Development

• Increased peer group influence:
  • Adolescents spend most of their time outside the home and with members of the peer group, so peers have a greater influence on the attitudes, speeches, interests, appearance, and behaviour of adolescents.
  • Being recognized as a popular member of a peer group is an important adolescent need.
  • Adolescents often get into arguments with their parents and elders since they want to break away from their control.
  • As adolescence progress, peer group influences begin to wane.
• Changes in social behaviour
  • Attraction towards members of the opposite sex is another prominent characteristic of the adolescent.
  • This is natural and occurs mainly because of the sexual maturity taking place among adolescents.
  • Social activities whether with the same sex or with the opposite reach its peak in the high school years.
  • As a result of broader opportunities for social participation social insight improves among older adolescents.
  • The greater the social participation of adolescents, the greater their social competency, as their social skills and abilities develop. 
• New social groupings: The gangs of childhood gradually break and the interest in the organized groups controlled by the adults also wanes. They like to be a part of the group control of the group controlled by them.
• New values in the selection of friends
  • Adolescents no longer select their friends on the basis of ready availability at school or in the neighbourhood, as they did during childhood.
  • Adolescents want as friends those whose interests and values are similar to theirs, who understand them and make them feel secure, and in whom they can confide problems and discuss matters they feel they cannot share with parents or teachers.
• New values in social acceptance: The values of the adolescents largely depend on the value system of their peer group which is used to judge others. And they often feel that the value that they hold are in conflict with their parents or society at large.
• New values in the selection of leaders: Adolescents want their leader with some superior abilities and skills because he/ she is representing their group in the eyes of society. Adolescent expects their leaders with certain qualities, like attractive, intelligent, energetic, eager to do things, etc.
• Influence of media: Media becomes a very powerful source of influence in this stage, especially music and television. These provide adolescents with role models like film heroes, great athletes, etc., whom they try to emulate. Such models help adolescents realize their fantasies and dreams.
• Body-conscious: Body image becomes a very important concern for adolescents. Having an appropriate figure, in fact, is almost a teenage obsession.
• In addition, fashion and glamour reflected in the style of dressing, sporting, make-up, having the right hairstyle, etc. become very important in their lives. These are associated with the social roles that adolescents want to develop and to experiment with.

From the above,  we can conclude that a high decrease in friendly relationships is not a characteristic of adolescence.

Key Points

Concept:

Ecosystem: 

All organisms such as plants, animals, microorganisms and human beings as well as the physical surroundings interact with each other and maintain a balance in nature. All the interacting organisms in an area together with the non-living constituents of the environment form an ecosystem.

• Biotic Components: It includes producers, consumers and decomposers. All living things have a direct or indirect influence on other organisms in an environment. Ex- Plants, Animals, Microorganism etc.
• Abiotic components: All the in-organic components of the ecosystem, non-living physical and chemical composition of nature are abiotic components. Ex- stones, water, Humus (organic waste), air etc

Additional Information

Explanation:

• The structure of an ecosystem refers to its biotic and abiotic factors and the function of an ecosystem includes energy flow and nutrient cycles
• An ecosystem whose structure and function remains unaltered over a long period of time is considered to be a stable ecosystem
• Oceans are the most stable ecosystem as they are large, deep, and continuous because of which any change in the structure and function is difficult or can be easily resisted
• Coral reefs are a diverse form of the marine ecosystem, which in total may account for a quarter of all ocean species.
• The ratio of fish compared to elasmobranchs such as sharks, skates, and rays – has remained stable for periods of tens of millions of years, despite extreme environmental changes caused by climate shifts of the past.

The developmental stage between childhood and adulthood is known as adolescence.

Key Points

• All adolescents experience feelings of rebellion at one time or another. 
• They believe that adults, including their parents, do not understand them, and they do not want to follow adult norms.
• They also enjoy doing things that their parents find objectionable, such as dressing in unconventional ways, getting tattoos, and listening to loud music.
• Almost all adolescents are aware of the "generation gap" between their generation and that of their parents.

Thus, we conclude that Adolescents feel rebelious towards authority because they feel adults do not understand them.

Middle childhood is the stage when children undergo so many different changes – physically, emotionally, socially and cognitively. This is the stage between 6 to 12 years old. Children in this stage receive less attention than children in infancy or early childhood. The support of the family and friends of the child is very important during this phase of development. Key Points

• Friendships, especially same‐gender friendships, are prevalent during middle childhood. Friends serve as classmates, fellow adventurers, confidantes, and sounding boards. Friends also help each other to develop self‐esteem and a sense of competency in the social world.
• Girls are more likely to form smaller, more intimate friendship groups compared to boys. Yet at all stages of life and across both boys and girls, friendships provide not only companionship and shared intimacy but, crucially, a window into the thoughts, feelings and desires of another.
• During middle childhood the ability to co-operate is more among boys than girls in friendship because boys don't feel any restriction to extend their co-operation with friends whereas girls may have or feel some restrictions from parents or care takers.

​Hence, we can conclude that we can conclude that only II is the correct one.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e 1739.

The Battle of Karnal was fought in 1739.

The Battle of Karnal:

• The Battle of Karnal was fought on 24th February 1739 during the invasion of India by Persians.
• Battle of Karnal was fought between Nadir shah (Persian Army) of Afsharid dynasty and Muhammed shah of Mughal empire.
• The Mughal army reached Karnal about 120 km north to Delhi.
• The two forces met in Karnal for battle on 24th February 1739.
• Nadir Shah's army was less than the one-fifth size of his opponent but still, he had a huge victory because it was the well trained and equipped army.

Adolescents learn to think abstractly, how to think about interpersonal issues, how to recognize new information-processing techniques, and how to think critically and creatively.

Key Points Challenges related to Cognitive Development:- 

• Adolescents are characterized by egocentrism or self-interest.
• The adolescents' transition from dealing with ideas, concepts, and abstract theories to thinking in more abstract terms.
• Adolescents who have the capacity for creative thought are better able to innovate and escape challenging circumstances.

​Thus, we conclude that society’s expectations pose a challenge for adolescents and are valuable in helping them to progress along the path to adulthood is NOT a challenge related to Cognitive Development in adolescents.

If we assume that it is equally likely that the ball is drawn from either bag, then we proceed as follows. Let R be the event that a red ball is drawn, and let B be the event that bag B is chosen for the drawing. Then
P(B) = P(not B) = 1/2
P(R|B) = 5/9 = P(RB) / P(B) = 2 P(RB),
P(R|not B) = 3/5 = P(R not B) / P(not B) = 2 P(R not B)
P(R) = P(RB) + P(R not B) = (1/2)( 5/9 + 3/5 ) = 26/45
P(B|R) = P(RB) / P(R) = (5/9)(1/2) / (26/45) = 25/52

 Concept:

Calculation:

Hence, option (c) is correct.

{(1*0, 2*2, 0*x) (2*0, 0*2, 1*x) (1*0, 0*2, 2*x)}
= {4, x, 2x} 

Required area :

Let y = e^x
dy/dx = e^x dx
= ∫(9 - y²)^½ dy
= ∫[(3)² - (y)²]^½ dy
Apply [(a)² - (x)²] formula
⇒ y/2[(3)² - (y)²]^½ + [(3)²]/2 sin^-1(y/3) + c
= e^x/2[(3)² - (y)²]^½ + [9]/2 sin^-1(e^x/3) + c

tan 1 . tan 2 . tan 3 ... tan 87 . tan 88 . tan 89 = LHS 
tan 1 . tan 2 . tan 3 ... tan (90 - 3 ) . tan ( 90 - 2 ) . tan ( 90 - 1)
tan 1 . tan 2  . tan 3 ... cot 3 . cot 2 . cot 1 

tan 1 . cot 1 . tan 2 . cot 2 . tan 3 . cot 3 ... tan 89 . cot 89 
1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x ... x 1 
As 1ⁿ = 1  = RHS 

Since sinq is positive in interval (0, π)

A = {1, 2, 3, 5}
R = {(x, y): x + y >10: x, y ∈ A}
For any value of x, y ∈ A, the condition does not hold.
Therefore, R = Φ (Empty set)

The volume of cube = side3
So the answer = 16 × 16 × 16 = 4,096 m³
Hence, Option D is correct.

2x+15+3x-25=180
[co interior angles]
5x-10=180
5x=190
x=38
option d is right answer

Given, ABCD is a parallelogram and AEFD is a cyclic quadrilateral.
∠BEF=80^∘
Now, ∠ADC=∠BEF=80^∘ (Angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the opposite exterior angle )
Also, now in parallelogram ABCD,
∠ABC=∠ADC=80^∘ (Opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal)

The correct option is Option A.

If the angle is between 0 to 90 degrees then it will lies in the first quadrant.

The tanθ and sinθ have positive values, hence lies in first quadrant.