HSSC TGT Science Mock Test - 3 - HSSC PGT/TGT MCQ

Concept-

• 'Rise in Earth's temperature and its associated changes in weather' This increase in Earth's temperature (which is estimated at 10 Fahrenheit over a 100-year average temperature) results in changes in rainfall patterns, and the formation of icebergs and glaciers. Melting, sea level rise, and impacts on flora and fauna can come to the fore.
• Greenhouse gases are the most responsible for climate change caused by global warming.
• Green house gases are those gases that absorb heat or heat from outside.
• Greenhouse gases are commonly used in extremely cold areas to keep plants warm which are damaged in extremely cold weather. In such a situation, these plants are kept in a closed glass house and greenhouse gas is filled in the glass house.
• This gas absorbs the heat of the rays coming from the sun and keeps the plants warm. 

Important Points

• The most important of the greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide, which we living beings emit with our breath.
• Environmental scientists say that in the last few years, the amount of carbon dioxide gas on the earth has increased continuously. Scientists have said a deep relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and temperature rise.

The correct answer is Rocky soil.

Key Points

• The land of Haryana can be divided into the following three parts:
  • Hill:
    • The soil of this region is rocky and this type of soil can be seen on the hills of Morni.
    • In the southern part of the state, due to the presence of hills of the Aravalli Mountains, rocky and sandy soils are found here.
    • The soil in the hilly region of the state is thin and hard.
  • Plains:
    • The soil of the plains of the state is fertile.
    • It is brownish-yellow in color.
    • This soil has come with the flow of rivers like Yamuna, Saraswati etc.
    • Many crops are grown in this region and the most fertile region is also considered to be the plains of Haryana.
  • Sandy:
    • Sandy soil is found in the southwestern part of Haryana.
    • The color of this soil is light brown.
    • This soil comes with the winds blowing from the neighboring state of Rajasthan.

Key Points

Thus, the correct match is (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) -(ii), (d) - (i).

Key Points

Bio-Degradable:

• Substances that are broken down by biological processes (bacteria) are said to be biodegradable. 
• For example all living plants and animals, vegetables and fruits.

Non-Bio- Degradable:

• Substances that are not broken down by biological processes(bacteria) are said to be non-biodegradable.
• These substances may be inert and simply persist in the environment for a long time.
• They may harm the various members of the ecosystem.
• For example plastics, metals concrete, nylon etc. 

Important Points 

Thus, 

• Group 1: spoiled food, garden trimmings, paper, wood - Biodegradeable waste
• Group 2: plastic bags, toys, bottles, glass - Non-Bio Degradable waste

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Karnal.

• Munak canal which was situated in Haryana originates from the Karnal district of Haryana.
• It was built in 1819 and renovated in the year 2008.
• It extends towards Delhi from the Karnal in Haryana and passes through the Jhajjar district.
• It carries 700 cusecs of water towards Delhi, its water is used for drinking water supply in Delhi.

About Haryana

• Capital - Chandigarh
• 1st Chief Minister - Bhagwat Dayal Sharma (Indian National Congress)
• 1st Governor - Dharma Vira

The correct answer is option 2 i.e 536.5mm.

• The climate of Haryana is arid to semi-arid.
• Haryana is spread over an area of 44,212 sq. km.
• The average annual rainfall of Haryana is 536.5 mm.
• The climate of Haryana is very hot in summer seasons and cold in the winter season.
• Haryana is located with an altitude between 700-3600 ft above sea level.
• Karnal, Kurukshetra and Ambala Districts are the maximum rain-hit areas in Haryana.

The correct answer is 19.9%.

Key Points

• Population Census 2011 published by Govt. India for the state of Haryana shows that the population of Haryana has increased by 19.90% in this decade (2001-2011) as compared to the previous decade (1991-2001).
  • Haryana is a state in India with a population of 2.54 crores.
  • The population of Haryana state is 25,351,462.
  • The density of Haryana state is 573 per sq km.
  • Haryana state is spread over an area of ​​44,212 sq km.

Additional Information

• The literacy rate has increased from 67.91% in 2001 to 75.55% in the 2011 census.
  • The percentage of literate males increased from 78.49 to 84.38 percent
  • The percentage of literate women in the same period ranged from 55.73 to 66.77 percent.
  • The highest literacy rate has been reported in the Gurugram district which is 84.44 percent.
  • The lowest level of literacy has been reported in Mewat district which was 56.14 percent.

The correct answer is All are true.

• Bansi Lal Legha
  • He was an Indian independence activist.
  • He was born on 26 August 1927 – 28 March 2006 in Bhiwani district.
  • He was known as the architect of modern Haryana.
  • He was elected to the Haryana State Assembly seven times, and the first time in 1967.
  • He served four times as Chief Minister of Haryana.
  • He served as the Indian Defence Minister from December 1975 to March 1977.
  • He set up the Haryana Vikas Party.
    • This party was founded in 1991.
    • And on 14 October 2004, it merged with the Indian National Congress.
  • He became Indian railways minister on 31 December 1984 and later minister for transport.
  • He became Rajya Sabha member from 1960 to 1966 and 1976 to 1980.
  • He became Lok Sabha member from1980 to 1984, 1985 to 1986 and 1989 to 1991.

The correct answer is Total distance travelled.

Key Points

• Odometer:
  • An odometer is an instrument used for measuring the distance travelled by a vehicle.
  • The odometer is usually situated on the vehicle's dashboard.
• Many modern vehicles often have multiple trip meters.
• Most mechanical trip meters will show a maximum value of 999.9 km.

Important Points

• Difference between odometer and speedometer:

The correct answer is Six Months.

Key Points

• If you drive while intoxicated, you can get six months imprisonment.
• According to Section 185 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988:
  • (a) The Act prescribes that whoever while driving a motor vehicle has in his blood, alcohol exceeding 30 mg per 100 ml of blood detected in a test by a breath analyser shall be punished with imprisonment of 6 months or with a fine or both.
  • (b) A person who is under the influence of a drug that he is incapable of exercising proper control over the vehicle, shall be punishable for the first offence with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with a fine of Rs. 2000, or with both; and for a second or subsequent offence, if committed 2 years of imprisonment or with fine of Rs. 3000 or with both.

CCE refers to a school-based evaluation, which covers all aspects of school activities related to a child’s development. It emphasizes two-fold objectives such as continuity of evaluation and assessment of learning outcomes in a comprehensive manner.

Key Points

•  The ‘continuous’ aspect of CCE takes care of ‘continual’ and ‘periodicity’ features of assessment.
• The 'comprehensive’ elements of CCE take care of the assessment of the all-round development of the child’s personality.
•  Comprehensive evaluation includes both Scholastic as well as Co-Scholastic aspects of the pupil’s growth.
• Scholastic aspects cover curricular areas or subject-specific areas, while co-scholastic aspects consist of Life Skills, Co-Curricular Activities, Attitudes, and Values.

Thus, it is concluded that the Meaning of comprehensive evaluation in a continuous and comprehensive evaluation is evaluation of educational and co-educational field.

Tanner (1980) defines, “Curriculum is the reconstruction of knowledge and experience systematically developed under the auspices of the school (or university), to enable the learner to increase his other control of knowledge and experience”. 

Key PointsTypes of curriculum:

• Explicit curriculum: Explicit curriculum is also known as overt curriculum and intended curriculum. This includes all those curricular and co-curricular, experiences, which are intentionally planned by the school, college, or university organization to be provided to the learners.
• Hidden curriculum: Hidden Curriculum is an unintended or unnoticed curriculum that is often unwritten. A hidden curriculum also includes the value system of the school and its teachers. Learners learn ‘appropriate’ ways to act at school is part of the hidden curriculum.
• Excluded curriculum: It is physically not possible to teach everything in the schools, therefore many topics and subject areas are excluded intentionally. Eisner called them a ‘Null Curriculum’; For example, life education, career planning, etc. are not fine parts of the overt curriculum but are important areas. 

Hence, we can conclude that the Class curriculum is not a type of "curriculum".

Curriculum:-It includes the complete school environment, involving all the courses, activities, reading, and associations furnished to the pupils in school.

Key Points Principles of curriculum construction:

• Principle of Child Centredness
• Principle of Flexibility and Variety
• Principle of Correlation
• Principle of Creativity
• Principle of Integration
• Principle of Utility
• Principle of Community Service
• Principle of activity
• Principle of Values
• Principle of Totality

Thus by all these references, we can conclude that the Spiral approach does not belong to the “principles of curriculum construction.

Hint

• Spiral approach to learning:- As children progress, they will revisit certain concepts/themes which are repeated consciously as an entry-level behavior to build new learning.
  • For example:- Planning lessons taking into account prior knowledge and experiences of the children. Thus, the new learning would be built on the previous experiences of the child.

The correct answer is Keep the parking light on.

Key Points

• It is mandatory for the vehicle which is parked on the side of the road at night should show parking lights to avoid accidents.
• Emergency flashers should be on to alert other road users.

Additional Information

• Other rules to follow while parking a vehicle:
  • Not to park on the footpath.
    • Parking on the footpath obstructs pedestrians and may cause them to have to walk on the road which is dangerous for the pedestrians. 
  • Should never park facing the traffic as there are no reflectors on the front of your vehicle.
  • Not to keep any interior lights on when a vehicle is parked.
  • It leads to the discharge of the battery.

Mislearning means to learn incorrectly or to acquire incorrect knowledge. The best feedback about mislearning is obtained through diagnostic testing.

Important Points

Diagnostic testing:

• when a patient comes to a doctor, the doctor initially puts some questions to the patient to gather some basic information’s about the disease and then uses other techniques to get more related information to identify the disease and its probable cause(s). After careful analysis of these data, he prescribes the medicines as remedial treatment. Similarly, In the field of education, the diagnosis has many such implications. Difficulties in learning occur frequently at all levels and among pupils of both high and low mental ability.
• In order to handle such cases, the teacher also uses similar techniques like a doctor to diagnose the relative strengths and weaknesses of the pupil in the specific area of study, analyse the causes for the same and then provides remedial measures as per necessity.
• Diagnostic test is a test used to diagnose strength and weakness of the learning in certain areas of study whereas diagnostic evaluation is centered on the schooling process such as the curriculum program, administration, and so on.
• When learning difficulties that are left unresolved by the standard corrective prescriptions of formative evaluation and a pupil continues to experience failure despite the use of prescribed alternative methods of instruction, then a more detailed diagnosis is indicated.

Key Points

Features of diagnostic testing:

• The diagnostic test takes up where the formative test leaves off.
• A diagnostic test is a means by which an individual profile is examined and compared against certain norms or criteria.
• The diagnostic test focuses on an individual’s educational weakness or learning deficiency and identifies the gaps in pupils.
• Diagnostic test is more intensive and act as a tool for analysis of Learning Difficulties.
• Diagnostic test is more often limited to low ability students.
• Diagnostic tests pinpoints the specific types of error each pupil is making and searches for underlying causes of the problem.
• Diagnostic test helps us to identify the trouble spots and discovered those areas of students weakness that are unresolved by formative test.

From Ampere circuital law

The direction of field at the given point will be vertical up determined by the screw rule or right hand rule.

To convert temperature to voltage we can do a precise measurement of the temperature in a room. A NTC resistor or a thermistor
It is used as a sensor that has a strong temperature dependence.

To balance a redox reaction , balance effected atoms

II. Take oxidation number of two Cr-atom

Take total (oxidation number) of each atom (oxidised, re duced ) cross - multiply by change in oxidation number and add
I x 6 + II x 1

Thus, x = 6
y = 1
z = 14

Thalloids have thallus(body) is not differentiated into leaves, or stem, etc. They do not have a vascular bundles also.

Kirchhoff's Current Law or KCL, states that the “total current or charge entering a junction or node is exactly equal to the charge leaving the node as it has no other place to go except to leave, as no charge is lost within the node“. In other words the algebraic sum of ALL the currents entering and leaving a node must be equal to zero, I_(exiting) + I_(entering) = 0. 

For Paschen series, n₁ = 3 and n₂ = 4,5, 6...

Paraxial rays are ones which originate from a point source and make a small angle with the principal axis. After reflection, they give a point image, either real or virtual.
But if rays from point source that are far from the mirror axis, gives a blurred image, an effect called spherical aberration.

Dispersive power depends on the material of the prism. When light transitions from one medium to another it bends on the basis of the refractive indices of the two media. Dispersive power is a measure of the amount of difference in the refraction of the highest and lowest wavelengths which enter the prism.

Transition elements belong to d block and the first transition elements is scandium(whose atomic no. is 21)

ATP is known as energy currency of living cells because energy produced during respiration is stored in form of ATP , which can be utilized for performing different activities.

The total number of follicles in two ovaries of a normal young adult woman is about four lakhs but only about 500 eggs reach maturity because many ovarian follicles (during primary oocyte stage) undergo degeneration. This degenerative process of follicles is called follicular atresia and such follicles are known as atretic follicles.

When we go down in a group shell increase and size increase and due to large size of atom electron can easily be removed. Thats option is C.

Seeds dispersed by water are contained in light and buoyant fruit, giving them the ability to float. Coconuts are well known for their ability to float on water to reach the land where they can germinate. The coconut seed is especially well adapted to increase its range by the method of ocean dispersal. The seed floats when its outer layers dry out. The buoyant coconuts drift on ocean currents and end up on tropical beaches where they germinate and take root.

Given m_p = 1.67×10^-27kg
h = 6.63×10^-34Js
v = 1.0×10³ms-1

We know wavelength λ = h/mv
∴λ = 6.63×10^-34/(1.67×10^-27 × 1.0×10³)
= 0.40×10^-10
≈ 0.40nm

Hence, Option (B) is the Correct Answer.

In the ecosystem, the flow of energy takes place in only one direction i.e. from producers to final consumers.
The energy present in one trophic level never returns back to the producer.

Energy flow in our ecosystem: