HSSC TGT Science Mock Test - 9 - HSSC PGT/TGT MCQ

Concept:

The biochemical oxygen demand of safe drinking water is zero.

BOD represents the amount of biodegradable organic matter present in water. It also indicates the amount of treatment required for purifying. If the BOD is high the extent of treatment required will be high.

Hence, there should not be any BOD in safe drinking water.

Important Points

The permissible limits of various compounds are as follows:

The correct answer is (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) -(i), (d) - (iii).

Key Points

Troposphere:  

• It is the lowest layer of the atmosphere - in which we live.
• It contains most of our weather - clouds, rain, snow.
• The lowest part of the Troposphere is called the boundary layer and the topmost part is called the tropopause.​

Stratosphere:

• This layer extends upwards from the tropopause to about 50 km.
• It contains much of the ozone in the atmosphere.
• The temperature in Stratosphere is highest over the summer pole and lowest over the winter pole.

Mesosphere:

• Above the stratosphere is the mesosphere. It extends upward to a height of about 85 km above our planet. Most meteors burn up in the mesosphere.
• The coldest temperature in the Earth's atmosphere, about -90 °C is found near the top of this layer.

Thermosphere: 

• This layer is found above Mesopause from 85 to 800 km.
• This is the warmest layer of the atmosphere.
• Aurora and satellites occur in this layer.

Exosphere​:

• ​This is the outermost layer of the atmosphere.
• It contains mainly oxygen and hydrogen atoms they are so few that they rarely collide.
• They follow ballistic trajectories under the influence of gravity, and some of them escape directly into space.

Ionosphere​:

• The ionosphere is a very active part of the atmosphere, and it grows and shrinks depending on the energy it absorbs from the Sun.
• The name ionosphere comes from the fact that gases in these layers are excited by solar radiation to form ions, which have an electrical charge.
• Due to the presence of ionized gasses, the ionosphere can reflect radio waves directed into the sky back toward the Earth.
• It overlaps the mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

Thus, the correct match is (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) -(i), (d) - (iii)

The correct answer is Dini Masjid.

Key Points

• Dini Masjid in Rohtak which was previously a temple was turned into a mosque during the reign of Aurangzeb.
• Dini Masjid ​
  • It is also famous as the Adina Mosque.
  • It is located in Rohtak, Haryana.
  • It depicts the typical architectural style of the Mughals.
  • The carved arches adorn the peak of the mosque.
  • The mosque minarets have inscriptions about Allauddin Khilji and other Mughal heroes.
  • This mosque has an underground basement area.
  • It is believed to be a Jain temple earlier which was turned into a mosque by Aurangzeb.

The correct answer is Shooting.

Key Points

• Shweta Chaudhry was born on 3 July 1986 in Faridabad, Haryana.
• She is an Indian shooter who competes in the 10-meter air pistol and 25-meter sports pistol events.
• Chaudhary won the bronze medal in the women's air pistol event, which was the first medal won by India in the games.
• In 2009, at the 2009 Asian Air Gun Championships in Doha.
• At the age of 14, she became the senior national champion with record-breaking results.
• Chaudhary, along with Sheila Kanungo, won a silver medal at the 2002 Commonwealth Games held in Manchester.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Haryana is - Manohar Lal Khattar
• Sex Ratio of Haryana - 879
• Literacy Rate of Haryana - 67.91%
• Lok Sabha seats in Haryana - 10

The correct answer is Madhuri Dixit.

Key Points

• Beti Bachao Beti Padhao:
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi on January 22, 2015, launched the 'Beti Bachao Beti Padhao' programme from Panipat in Haryana.
  • On this occasion, Madhuri Dixit was present at the stage. Hence, Option 4 is correct.
  • It is a key scheme that aims to address the dipping child sex ratio and empower the girl child in the country.
  • The issue of decline in CSR is complex and the scheme will address the issue within the broad framework of survival, protection, and education of girl children.
  • The 'Beti Bachao Beti Padhao' Scheme will be implemented first in 100 selected districts, which will cover all states and UTs and is a joint initiative of Women and Child Development, Human Resource Development, and Health Ministries.
  • It aims to generate awareness and improve the efficiency of the delivery of welfare services meant for women.
  • The scheme was initiated with an initial corpus of Rs 100 crore.
  • Programme Objectives:
    • Prevent gender-biased sex selective elimination
    • Ensure survival & protection of the Girl Child
    • Ensure education of the Girl Child
    • Improve the Nutrition Status of Girl Child
    • Promote a protective environment for Girl Child

The correct answer is Prithviraj Chauhan.

Key Points

• The fort of Asigarh in Hansi town of Hisar district was built by Prithviraj Chauhan.
• This fort is also known as Prithvi Raj Chauhan Ka Qila.
• It is located on the eastern bank of Amti lake.

Additional Information

• About Hisar:
  • It is the second-largest district of Haryana.
  • It is one of the 7 districts which was constituted with the establishment of Haryana.
  • It shares borders with the Fatehabad, Jind, Rohtak, and Bhiwani districts of Haryana.
  • It also shares a border with the state of Rajasthan.
  • It was established by Firozshah Tuglaq by the name "HISAR-I-FEROZA" in 1354 A.D.
  • According to the 2011 census,
    • The total population of Hisar is 1,743,931.
    • The Sex ratio of Hisar is 872.
    • The Literacy rate of Hisar is 72.89%
    • The Population density of Hisar is 438.

The correct answer is Baba Farid.

Key Points

• Faridabad was founded in the year 1607 AD by Sheikh Farid also addressed as Baba Farid.
• He was a treasurer of the Mughal Emperor Jehangir.
• The city was also famous for a Fort, a Tank, and a Mosque which over a period of time has got into ruins.
• Baba Farid built the first travelers lodge commonly referred to as Sarai which used to be the last stop for people traveling to New Delhi.
• After the rebellion of 1857, their estate was confiscated by the British Raj & The territory of Ballabhgarh was added to the Delhi district.
• It was constituted as a municipality in 1867.
• Faridabad became the 12th district of Haryana state on 15th August 1979.

Additional Information

• ​Faridabad is also a major industrial hub of Haryana.
• Faridabad is famous for henna production from the agricultural sector.
• Tractors, motorcycles, switch gears, refrigerators, shoes, tyres and garments constitute its primary industrial products.
• Famous Places
  • Raja Nahar Singh Palace
  • Badkhal Lake
  • Suraj Kund

The correct answer is Clay.

Key Points

• The particles that makeup soil are categorized into three groups by size – sand, silt, and clay.
  • Single clay particles cannot be seen with a naked eye.
  • Size is less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
  • ​​Sand particles are the largest and clay particles the smallest. 

Additional Information

• The particles in clay are tightly packed together with each other with very little or no airspace.
• This clay has very good water storage qualities and makes it hard for moisture and air to penetrate into it.
  • It is very sticky to the touch when wet, but smooth when dried.
  • It is the densest and heaviest type of soil that does not drain well or provide space for plant roots to flourish.

The correct answer is 382 persons/sq km.Key Points

• India is one of the most densely populated countries in the world.
• The population density of India as per the 2011 Census was 382 persons per square kilometer.
• The worldwide average population density was approximately 15 people per sq. km.
• Bihar has the highest population density (1106 people per square kilometer), followed by Bengal (1028) and Kerala (860).
• The state with the lowest population density is Arunachal Pradesh (17 persons/sq) and the Union Territory with the lowest density of population is Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

Additional Information

• The Census of India 2011 was organized in two stages trails of House listing and Housing Census and Population Enumeration.
• The population of India has been augmented by more than 181 million during the decade 2001-2011.
• As per the 2011 Census population report of India is pegged at 1.21 billion, a surge of more than 181 million in the last 10 years.

Highlights of the 2011 Census of India

• The population of the nation as per the provisional figures of Census 2011 is 1210.19 million of which 623.7 million (51.54%) are males and 586.46 million (48.46%) are females.
• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India its population is more than the population of Brazil.

The correct answer is Shot put.

Key Points

• Deepa Malik
  • She was born on 30 September 1970 in Bhaiswal, Haryana.
  • She started her career at the age of 30.
  • She is the first Indian woman to win a medal in Paralympic Games and won a Silver medal at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in the shot put. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
  • She has also won gold in the F-53/54 Javelin event at the para athletic Grand Prix held in Dubai in 2018.
  • She is currently the world number one in the F-53 category.
  • She is a member of the working group in the formulation 12th five-year plan (2012–2017) on sports and physical education.
  • She was honoured with the Arjuna award in 2012, at the age of 42 years.
  • She has also been conferred the prestigious Padma Shri award in 2017.
  • She has won 58 national & 23 International medals across all disciplines to date.

The purpose of a speed limit sign on the road is to inform drivers of the maximum speed allowed in that particular area. Adhering to the posted speed limit helps in ensuring road safety by reducing the risk of accidents. Exceeding the speed limit can lead to fines, penalties, and, most importantly, an increased likelihood of collisions. Always obey speed limit signs to contribute to a safer road environment for everyone.

Additional Fact:
Speed limits are set based on various factors such as road conditions, traffic flow, pedestrian activity, and surrounding environment. It's important for drivers to adjust their speed accordingly and always drive within the posted limits.

Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. Psychology is a multifaceted discipline and includes many sub-fields of study such areas as human development, sports, health, clinical, social behavior, and cognitive processes.

Important PointsExperimental method: Experiments are generally conducted to establish a cause-effect relationship between two sets of events or variables in a controlled setting

• The experimental method is the most scientific and objective way of studying behavior.
• In this method, experiments are conducted in the laboratories under controlled conditions.
• In experiments, usually, the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable is studied.
• There will be two variables, viz., Independent and dependent variables. 
• For example, the effect of music on the level of blood pressure can be studied in laboratory settings. Here, the music is the independent variable and the BP is a dependent variable.

Key PointsImportant methods of Studying Human Behavior are as follows:

•  Introspection Method
•  Observation Method
•  Experimental Method
•  Clinical Method/Case History Method

Thus, it is concluded that the most scientific and objective method of studying behavior is the Experimental method.

Hint

• Introspection Method: This method was introduced by EB Titchener. This is also known as the self-observation method. Introspection means ‘to look within'. It is not possible to understand the inner feelings and experiences of other persons. But the individual himself can observe and report.

• Observational method: This method is very useful in areas where experiments cannot be conducted. In this method, the observer will observe and collect the data. Example: In the hospital, the nurse will make observations of patient’s temperature, pulse, BP, facial expressions, etc.

The correct answer is Nakula - Digvijyams.

• Rohtak derives its name from its headquarters town, Rohtak, which is called the Reformation of Rohtashgarh, a name still applied to the ruined sites of the two old sites.
  • Traditionally, it is named after King Rohtash, in whose days the city is said to have been built.
  • It is also claimed that the city derives its name from the Roherra (Tacoma undulate) tree which is called Rohitaka in Sanskrit.
  • It is said that before the city came into existence, it was the site of a forest of Rohitaka trees and hence the name Rohtak.
  • Another version links Rohtak with Rohitaka, which is mentioned in the Mahabharata in connection with the campaign of the Pandava warrior Nakula.

Additional Information

• Divyavadana (meaning Divine Tales) is a text of Buddhist tales.
  • The origin of many of these stories is the original Mool Sarvastivada Vinaya Granth.
• Majjima Nikaya is a Buddhist text, the second of the five Nikayas or collections in the Sutta Pitaka, one of the "three baskets" that compose the Pali Tipitaka of Theravada Buddhism. Composed between the 3rd century BCE and the 2nd century CE.

The Principal is part or head of a school whose function is to support and assist the school in meeting the overall objectives of the Division and the needs of individual students. The role of the Principal is to provide leadership, direction, and coordination within the school.  

Important Points

• The teacher is the role model of the students.
• Being a teacher, there are a lot of duties and responsibilities.
• If the principal is assigning certain duties to the teacher, then it is the teacher's duty to accept them.
• The teacher must do that duty delegated and efficiently.

Key Points

•  The most common cause of fainting in otherwise healthy youngsters is a short interruption in the passage of oxygen-rich blood to the brain (blood pressure). The child usually recovers rapidly. This is referred to as simple fainting.
• As a principal, if a child faints during school prayer, it is your responsibility to take care of the child and supervise the first aid to the child and resume the prayer. Apart from this, the child will not be disturbed and the fanned children will also get first aid. After that, we can take her to the doctor.

Thus it is clear that as a principal you ask a teacher to continue with prayer, supervise the first aid to the child, and resume the prayer.

When you see a yellow traffic light, it indicates that the signal is about to change from green to red. Drivers should proceed with caution and be prepared to stop if necessary. The yellow light serves as a warning to drivers to slow down and prepare to come to a stop. It's essential to exercise caution and make a safe decision based on the traffic conditions at the intersection. Speeding up to pass through the intersection or ignoring the light can lead to accidents and traffic violations.

Additional Fact:
Yellow traffic lights are designed to provide drivers with a transition period between the green and red phases of the signal. This allows for a smooth flow of traffic while ensuring safety at intersections. Drivers should use this time to assess the situation, decide whether it's safe to stop, and proceed accordingly.

Z = 9 is the atomic number of fluorine which is the most electronegative element.

In the energy conserving phase of glycolysis, the conversion of BPGA to PGA is catalyzed by phosphoglycerate kinase. The phosphate on carbon 1 is transferred to a molecule of ADP, yielding ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate. This type of ATP synthesis, traditionally referred to as substrate-level phosphorylation, involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP, to form ATP.

Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation (high-energy photons) with an extreme frequency and a high energy. They are created by the decay of nuclei as they travel from a high-energy state to a lower state; this process is called “gamma decay.” Most atomic responses are accompanied by gamma emission.

Number of gram atoms of H

Mass of hydrogen atoms = 1 x 1.66 x 10^-22
= 1.66 x 10^-22 g

Kinetic energy of a charged particle,

Radius of the circular path of a charged particle uniform magnetic field is given by

Mass of a proton, m_p = m

Mass of an α-particle. m_α = 4m

Charge of a proton, q_p = e

Charge of an α -particle, q_α = 2_e

Cell reaction

also we have

Hence for cell reaction

When the deviation is minimum, then the incidence angle and emergence angle are equal and this is possible only when the refracted ray inside the prism is parallel to the base of the prism. 
Minimum deviation is given by δ=2i−A, where A is prism angle.

μ=sinisinr

Again for minimum deviation

μ=sin(A+δmin2)sinA2

∴μ=sinisinA2

⇒sinA2=siniμ

⇒sinA2=sin45∘√2=12

⇒A2=30∘

⇒A=60∘

Again i+e=A+δmin

For minimum deviation i=e

∴2i=A+δmin

⇒δmin=2i−A

⇒δmin=2×45∘−60∘=30∘

The relation between radius of curvature, image distance and object distance is given by
n₂/v-n₁/u=n₂-n₁
un₂-vn₂/vu=n₂-n₁/R
R=vu(n2-n2)/un₂-vn₂
=uv(2)/u(2)-v(1)
=[uv/2u-v)

Generic name and specific epithet are the two parts of a binomial nomenclature. A generic name specifies the genus of an organism and the specific epithet describes the species to which it belongs to.

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ = MV
0.5 x 50 + 0.25 x 150 = M x 250
M = (25 + 37.5)/250 = 0.25 M

Inbreeding depression is the reduced biological fitness in a given population as a result of inbreeding, or breeding of related individuals. Continued self-pollination reduces the fertility and even productivity of the plant.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

The interaction among organisms is necessary for survival within their environment. Survival is the state of being alive. Organisms are inter-depending on one another of their well-being.