OSSC TGT OSSSC Science CBZ Mock Test - 10 Free Online Test 2026

The early life of a child from birth to the age of two years is called infancy. Parents play a very vital role in the growth and development of a child during this period.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau considered education as the process of learning for the children to develop their natural abilities from within. According to him, education was not only the means of gaining knowledge, but also the way for complete development of child.

The theory of multiple intelligences was developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardner, professor of education at Harvard University. It suggests that the traditional notion of intelligence, based on I.Q. testing, is far too limited. Instead, Dr. Gardner proposes eight different intelligences to account for a broader range of human potential in children and adults. These intelligences are:

• Linguistic intelligence (word smart)
• Logical-mathematical intelligence (number/reasoning smart)
• Spatial intelligence (picture smart)
• Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence (body smart)
• Musical intelligence (music smart)
• Interpersonal intelligence (people smart)
• Intrapersonal intelligence (self smart)
• Naturalist intelligence (nature smart)

Teachers who work under School-Based Assessment observe students minutely daily to assess their values and attitudes.
Assessment is a process that is embedded in a teaching-learning process. It starts with planning the assessment programmes and ends with the final feedback given to the students. It is necessary to assess the student's strengths and weaknesses, skills, etc. of the students.
Hence, this is the correct answer.

Artificial classification is based on morphological structures of the plant i.e. artificial classification focuses on external structure of the plants than their internal structure.

Pinus and Cedrus have branched stem. The main stem shows monopodial branching. Stem branches are of two types, long and dwarf. The dwarf branches possess 1-5 needle-like follage leaves Which are surrounded at the base by a sheath of scale leaves.

• A chemical substance produced in one part of body and regulates the activity of other parts is called as hormones.
• Plant hormones are produced in the stem, bud and root tips and control the plant growth, formation of flowers, stems, leaves, development, and ripening of fruit, etc.
• Auxins are specialized hormones which acts on the tip.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Considering internal features like ultrastructure is important because they help determine the natural affinities among organisms, which is crucial in classification.

Understanding Natural Affinities

• The ultrastructure of an organism can help in determining its natural affinities. This means that by examining the internal structures of different organisms, we can understand their inherent relationships with each other. These relationships are often based on shared structural features, which indicate a common ancestry or evolutionary path.

Frederick Frost Blackman proposed the law of limiting factors. Blackman proposed this law in 1905 according to which, a chemical process depends on multiple factors the rate of the process will be limited by the pace of the slowest factor or limiting factor.

Pigments are substances that have an ability to absorb light, at specific wavelengths. The chlorophyll a pigment to absorb lights of different wavelengths.

This option is correct. Cyt b₆-f complexes are evenly distributed in the stroma and granal thylakoids.

Pteridophytes, often referred to as ferns and fern allies, are a group of vascular plants that do not produce seeds. Instead, they reproduce and disperse primarily via spores.

Spore production and germination in Pteridophytes

• Spores in pteridophytes are produced in structures known as sporangia, which are typically borne on the undersides of the fern's leaves (fronds).
• When the spore germinates, it produces a small, usually heart-shaped, independent gametophyte phase known as a prothallus.

Thus, in pteridophytes, a spore germinates to produce a prothallus. 

Antibiotics, also called antibacterials, are a type of antimicrobial drug used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections. They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics are extracted from Bacteria and Fungi both. Among bacteria and fungi, bacterial genera outnumber the fungal genera in production of antibiotics. The highest numbers of antibiotics are derived from bacterial genera Streptomyces and Bacillus and fungal genera Penicillium and Cephalosporium. They were discovered by Alexander Flemming.

In all bacteria double stranded circular DNA is present which not associates with histone protein .But in Mycoplasm DNA is double stranded and linear .

Glycocalyx is the outermost layer of the cell envelope. Cell wall lies between plasma membrane andd glycocalyx.

Lipids are actually triglycerides. A triglyceride consists of glycerol and fatty acids which are held together by ester linkages.

Filiform apparatus is finger-like projection attached with egg apparatus. This apparatus guide the pollen tube carrying male gametes for facilitating Syngamy.

Nostoc occurs in both aquatic and subaerial habitats. A dense mucilage covering (labelled as B in the given figure) is present on the outside. Each trichome is beaded, S-shaped and consists of a large number of vegetative cells, a few term in a land intercalary large pale coloured heterocysts - (labelled as A in the given figure) and thick-walled resting cells called akinetes. Heterocysts are specialised to perform nitrogen fixation.

• Almost 25 percent of plant species are used for the production of the drugs currently sold in the market worldwide.
• Some plants used for the production of drugs are camphor tree, coca plant, poppy, turmeric, etc.

Mesosomes are structures of prokaryotic cells formed by folded invaginations (sometimes described simply as "infoldings") of the plasma membrane. Enzymes associated with respiration of the prokaryotic cell, e.g. a bacterium, are located on the infoldings.

Metabolism refers to a series of chemical reactions that occur in a living organism to sustain life.

• LH is a Luteinizing hormone produced by the gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
• It plays an important role in puberty, menstruation, and fertility.
• It triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum.
• In male, LH triggers the secretion of androgen called testosterone from the Leydig cells.
• FSH is follicle-stimulating hormone produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
• It helps in regulation of development, growth, pubertal maturation and reproductive processes of the body.
• It stimulates the Sertoli cells of the testicles and helps in spermatogenesis, production of sperm.
• During the follicular phase, the LH and FSH increase gradually.
• They stimulate follicular development and estrogen secretion by follicular cells.

Thus, the correct answer is 'LH and FSH decrease gradually during the follicular phase.'

Hence, the Correct Answer is B

NCERT Reference: Topic “Menstrual cycle” of chapter: Human Reproduction of NCERT

The correct option is A Epicotyl
Plumule- Shoot tip.

Radicle - Embryonic root.

A. Epicotyl- The portion of axis between the plumule and the cotyledonary node.

B. Hypocotyl- The portion of axis between the radicle and the cotyledonary node.

D. Coleoptile- Protective sheath of plumule.

So, the correct answer is 'Epicotyl'

Millions of sperms are released during insemination that reaches to ovum for fertilisation. Only one sperm enter the ovum by penetrating the zona pellucida layer of ovum using the enzyme present in its acrosome.

Solution: Heterocysts are specialized cells found in some cyanobacteria that provide an anaerobic environment necessary for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which can then be used by the plant for nutrition. This makes Option B the correct answer, highlighting the importance of cyanobacteria in nitrogen cycling in ecosystems.

• Enzymes are proteins or non-proteins that act as bio-catalysts.
• Holoenzymes comprise of a prosthetic group and an apoenzyme.
• Prosthetic group can be either co-factors or co-enzymes.
• Cutting a potato is a physical change and doesn’t lead to the breakage of bonds in the enzymes present in it.

C₂H₄  will give addition reaction because they are connected by double or triple bond and are unsaturated hydrocarbon.

1. Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.
2. Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space.
3. A very small fraction of α-particles were deflected by very large angles, indicating that all the positive charge and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom.

From the data he also calculated that the radius of the nucleus is about 10⁵ times less than the radius of the atom.