NVS TGT Science Mock Test - 10 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

Jimmy Kimmel has been announced as the host for the 96th Academy Awards in 2024, marking his fourth overall time hosting the prestigious event. His successful stint in 2023 contributed to this decision.

V Muraleedharan is representing India at the G-77 Third South Summit in Kampala, Uganda, where leaders from 134 Member States are convening to enhance cooperation. The summit's theme, "Leaving No One Behind," aligns with India's vision of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam - the World is one Family.

There are 8 triangles in the figure. By counting the individual triangles, we can see that there are 2 large triangles, 4 medium triangles, and 2 small triangles, making a total of 8 triangles.

1st term = 3 * 1 = 3
2nd term = 3 * 3 = 9
3rd term = 3 * 9 = 27
4th term = 3 * 27 = 81

Thus, Missing number is 5th term = 3 * 81 = 243

Team teaching technique is also known as co-operative teaching technique. In this method, two or more teachers together set goals for a course, design a syllabus, prepare individual lesson plans, teach students, and evaluate the results.

Given:Acceleration = 6 m/s^2Time = 10 secAs car start from rest so intial velocity will be zero.u = 0S = ut + 1/2(at^2)S = 0 + 1/2 x 6 x 100S = 300 m.

The force acting on two bodies is inversely proportional to square of the distance between them. Therefore,Fα 1/r².

The case study method has a long history in the field of educational research and there are enough instances of case studies on educational matters.

• It serves at least two purposes, namely documenting state of the art of an institution, a programme, an event; and diagnosing strengths and weaknesses of the institution, programmes, events, etc
• Case study method mostly depends on the basic questions of the researcher such as: ‘am I interested in the study of a normal situation with a view to developing deeper insight in the phenomenon? Once the case is identified, then one needs to determine the status of the case.
• Case study methodology uses both quantitative as well as qualitative data. Hence, you may have to select among available, or develop your own, standardized tests and inventories, questionnaires, interview schedule, observations schedule, data blanks, etc.

Key Points

Scientific Nature of Case Study Method:

• There have been criticisms against the case study method for the lack of a scientific approach.
• One criticism is that the case study method is useful in the exploration of knowledge related to a single unit, but it does not have the scope to test hypotheses or confirm any evidence.
• However, this limitation of the case study method, cannot undermine its meaningfulness in the process of generating knowledge.
• Even though the case study method is viewed as a kind of naturalistic inquiry, this method accommodates the process of hypothesizing in a manner different from that of the survey and the experimental methods.

Hence, it is clear that there have been criticisms against the case study method for lack of scientific approach. One criticism is that case study method does not have the scope to test hypotheses or confirm any evidence.

If the object is placed at distance of f/2 in front of convex lens of focal length 'f'.
If the object is at f/2 distance then it means it is between the focus and optical centre of lens. And we know, that when an object is placed between the focus and optical centre of convex lens then the image is formed behind the object and the nature of image is virtual, errect and magnified. 
By lens formula ; 
1/f = 1/v - 1/u 
1/f  = 1/v - 1/ (-f/2) 
Solving this we get, 
1/ v = -f/2 /  f²/2 
v = f² /2 / -f/2 = -f 

There are different kinds of teaching-learning methods in a fashion which makes learning a fruitful process. Teacher adopts any method according to the needs and interests of students.

• Teaching methods include problem-solving, lecture, inductive, deductive, analytic, synthetic, heuristic and discovery method.

Key PointsInductive Method:

The inductive approach is based on the process of induction. It is a method of constructing a formula with the help of a sufficient number of concrete examples.

• Induction means to provide a universal truth by showing, that if it is true for a particular case.
• It starts from specific examples and reach towards generalizations.
• Example: Square of an odd number is odd and the square of an even number is even.
• Inductive approach proceeds from-
  • Particular to general
  • Known to unknown
  • Simple to complex
  • Example to formula

Hence, it could be concluded that the inductive method is used for constructing a concept with the help of a sufficient number of concrete examples.

Additional Information Deductive Method:

• The deductive method is based on deduction. At first, the rules are given and then students are asked to apply these rules to solve more problems.
• It begins with general premises and through logical argument, comes to a specific conclusion.

Analytic Method:

• It is a generic process combining the power of the Scientific Method with the use of a formal process to solve any type of problem.
• Analysis means breaking up into components. All scientifically based problem-solving approaches use the analytical method.

Synthetic Method:

• The word “synthetic’ is derived from the word ‘synthesis which means to combine.
• In this method, we combine several facts, perform cer­tain mathematical operations, and arrive at the solution.

Loudness of sound depends upon amplitude. Amplitude is the maximum displacement from mean position.

1. Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.
2. Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space.
3. A very small fraction of α-particles were deflected by very large angles, indicating that all the positive charge and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom.

From the data he also calculated that the radius of the nucleus is about 10⁵ times less than the radius of the atom.

Humans have always been curious about the world around them. The inquiring and imaginative human mind has responded to the wonder and awe of nature in different ways. Science is a dynamic, expanding body of knowledge covering ever-new domains of experience.

Key Points At the upper primary stage the teaching of science should have maximum focus on relating classroom learning and life outside of the school. It should not be based on rote-memorization.

• The child should be engaged in learning simple principles of science through familiar experiences, in working with hands to design simple technological units and modules, and in continuing to learn more about the environment through activities and surveys.
• Scientific concepts to be taught at this stage should be chosen so as to be related to and help the child better sense of her everyday experiences.
• Science education at this stage should provide a gradual transition from an expose to ideas of Science through environmental studies of the primary stage to elements of science including its concepts, processes, and methods.
• The emphasis on the process skills of science should continue through the upper primary stage to enable children learn how to learn for themselves so that they could carry on learning to even beyond school.

Thus, it is concluded that At the upper primary stage the teaching of science should have maximum focus on relating classroom learning and life outside of the school.

Gustatory receptors detect taste while olfactory receptors detect smell.

Gibberellins promote cell division in plants.

Oxygen is a component of many organic and inorganic molecules within the plant, and is acquired in many forms. Plants produce oxygen gas (O2) along with glucose during photosynthesis but then require O2 to undergo aerobic cellular respiration and break down this glucose to produce ATP.

The amount of solar energy received by India is a whopping 5000 trillion KWH per year . But due to India's land usage pattern, the country's harness-able solar power potential has been estimated to be 750 GW.

A food chain is a series of plants/animals which are interrelated in the form of an organism being eaten as food by the other. A food chain consists of producers and consumers. In the given food chain, plants are producers. The animals eating plants are called primary consumers and animals eating primary consumers are called secondary consumers. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Producers and consumers.'

Organisms look similar because their body designs are similar. If body designs are to be similar , the blueprints for these designs should be similar.

Agoraphobia: a fear of being in public places where there are many other people
Claustrophobia: An extreme fear of being in a small confined place
Xenophobia: a fear of people from other countries
Paraphobia: a fear of other people when there is no evidence or reason for this

Reciprocate: To behave or feel towards somebody in the same way as we behave or feel towards you ; give in return

The literal meaning of bash is "strike hard and violently"
He was bashed on his head by street thugs
But the figurative meaning is "to hit someone by speaking or writing harshly about"
In the sentence above, bash refers to its figurative meaning
Hence the answer is C

सही उत्तर है - ‘अचल’।

• पृथ्वी का पर्यायवाची शब्द अचल नहीं होगा।
• अन्य विकल्प इला, अचला और अवनि पृथ्वी के पर्यायवाची शब्द है।

Key Points

• पृथ्वी के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द : महि, मेदिनी, धरा, रसा, वसुन्धरा, विकेशी, क्षमा, धरती, धरणी आदि।​
• अचल के पर्यायवाची शब्द : भूधर, महीधर, नगपति, शिखर, अद्री, तुंग, धरणीधर, पर्वत, पहाड़, गिरी आदि।

Additional Informationसमानार्थी शब्द:

• वे शब्द जिनका अर्थ एक समान होता हैं समानार्थी शब्द कहलाते हैं।
  समानर्थी शब्द को हम पर्यायवाची शब्द भी कहते है। ‘पर्याय’ का अर्थ है ‘समान’ तथा ‘वाची’ का अर्थ है ‘बोले जाने वाले’ अर्थात
  समान बोले जाने वाले शब्दों को हम पर्यायवाची शब्द या समानार्थी शब्द कहते है।

पर्यायवाची शब्द के उदाहरण :

• पत्नी- भार्या, दारा, अर्धांगनी, वामा, गृहिणी, बहू, वधू, कलत्र, प्राणप्रिया।
• दोस्त- बन्धु, मित्र, साथी, यार, सखा, हितैषी, अंतरंग।
• बसंत- ऋतुराज, ऋतुपति ,मधुमास ,कुसुमाकर।

सही विकल्प ‘चिल्लाहट’ है।

Key Points

• ‘चिल्लाहट’ शब्द पुल्लिंग नहीं है।
• ‘चिल्लाहट’ एक स्त्रीलिंग शब्द है।
• अतिरिक्त सभी विकल्प ‘घंटा, पुजापा, मोटा’ पुल्लिंग है।
• अतः सही विकल्प ‘चिल्लाहट’ है।

यहाँ कि के बाद सुमन है जो की संज्ञा है.

उर्दू के उपसर्ग से नहीं बना है - 'दुबला'

• 'दुबला' हिन्दी के 'दु' उपसर्ग से मिलकर बना है।
  • दु + बला = दुबला
  • 'दु' (बुरा, हीन) उपसर्ग और 'बला' (आफ़त) मूलशब्द
  • अर्थ: हल्के एवं कमज़ोर शरीरवाला, निर्बल।
  • विलोम शब्द - 'मोटा'

Mistake Points

Key Points

• उपसर्ग शब्द के शुरू में जुड़ता है।

Additional Informationकुछ उर्दू के उपसर्ग:-

• बे (बिना) - बेकाम, बेअसर, बेरहम, बेईमान, बेरहम इत्यादि।
• ला (बिना) लाजवाब, लापरवाह, लापता इत्यादि।
• ना (अभाव) - नालायक, नादनामुमकिन, नादान, नापसन्द, नादान इत्यादि।
• बद (बुरा) - बदसूरत, बदनाम, बददिमाग, बदमाश, बदकिस्मत इत्यादि।
• कम (थोड़ा) - हीन कमसिन, कामखयाल, कमज़ोर, कमदिमाग, कमजात, इत्यादि।
• खुश (श्रेष्ठता) - खुशनुमा, खुशगवार, खुशमिज़ाज, खुशबू, खुशदिल, खुशहाल इत्यादि।

कुछ हिन्दी के उपसर्ग:-

• दु (बुरा, हीन) - दुशाला, दुरूह, दुकाल, दुलारा, दुधारू, दुसाध्य, इत्यादि।
• अन (नही) - अनमोल, अलग, अनजान, अनकहा, अनदेखा इत्यादि।
• अध् (आधा) - अधजला, अधखिला, अधपका, अधकचरा, अधकच्चा, अधमरा इत्यादि।
• उन (एक कम) - उनतीस, उनचास, उनसठ, इत्यादि।
• भर (पूरा ,ठीक) - भरपेट, भरपूर, भरदिन इत्यादि।
• नि (आभाव, विशेष) - निडर, निगम, निवास, निषेध, निबन्ध, निषिद्ध।

सही उत्तर 'कारणवाचक' है।

Mistake Pointsसमुच्चयबोधक के भेद-

समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय के 2 भेद होते हैं- (i) समानाधिकरण, (ii) व्यधिकरण
व्यधिकरण के भेद

व्यधिकरण के 4 भेद होते हैं-

• (a) कारणवाचक/हेतुबोधक - क्योंकि, जोकि, इसलिए कि आदि।
• (b) उद्देश्यवाचक- कि, जो, ताकि, इसलिए कि आदि।
• (c) संकेतवाचक- जो-तो, यदि-तो, यद्यपि-तथापि, चाहे-परन्तु, कि आदि।
• (d) स्वरूपवाचक- कि, जो, अर्थात, याने, मानो आदि।

Key Points

• "वह लाचार है, क्योंकि वह अंधा है।" इस वाक्य में कारणवाचक अव्यय है।
• प्रस्तुत वाक्य में कारण बताया जा रहा है कि वह अँधा है इसलिए लाचार है।
• यहाँ 'क्योंकि' कारणवाचक अव्यय है।
• ऐसे शब्द जिसमें लिंग , वचन , पुरुष , कारक आदि के कारण कोई विकार नहीं आता अव्यय कहलाते हैं। यह सदैव अपरिवर्तित , अविकारी एवं अव्यय रहते हैं। इनका मूल रूप स्थिर रहता है , वह कभी बदलता नहीं है जैसे – इधर, किंतु, क्योंकि, जब, तक, इसलिए आदि।

Additional Information

अव्यय के चार भेद माने जाते हैं-

• क्रिया विशेषण
• संबंधबोधक
• समुच्चयबोधक
• विस्मयादिबोधक

Important Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• संकेतवाचक - जो अव्यय संकेत या शर्त एक वाक्य में बताकर दूसरे वाक्य में उसका फल संकेतित करें, उन्हें संकेतवाचक कहते हैं।
• उदाहरण- मैं वहाँ इसलिए गया था ताकि पुस्तक ले आऊँ।
• परिणामवाचक - ऐसे अविकारी शब्द जो हमें क्रिया के क्रिया के परिमाण या उसकी मात्र, संख्या के बारे में बताते हैं वे शब्द परिमाणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे: तुम्हे अधिक खाना चाहिए।
• संबंधवाचक - वे शब्द जो संज्ञा/सर्वनाम को अन्य संज्ञा/सर्वनाम के साथ संबंध का बोध कराते हैं उसे संबंधबोधक अव्यय कहते हैं।
• जैसे- किताबें टेबल पर हैं, उसके बिना मेरा काम नहीं चलता