TS SET Paper 2 Mock Test - 1 (History) - TS TET MCQ

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

• The Indian Independence Act of 1947 gave princely states an option to accede to the newly born dominions India or Pakistan or continue as an independent sovereign state.
• At that time Around 565 princely states have covered 48 percent of the area of pre Independent India and constituted 28% of its population.
  These kingdoms were not legally part of British India, but in reality, they were completely subordinate to the British Crown.
• For the British these states were the necessary allies, to keep in check the rise of other colonial powers and nationalist tendencies in India.
  Accordingly, the princes were given autonomy over their territories, but the British acquired for themselves the right to appoint ministers and get military support as and when required.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (India’s first deputy prime minister and the home minister) with the assistance of V.P menon (the secretary of the Ministry of the States) was given the formidable task of integrating the princely states.
• By invoking the patriotism of the princes to remind them of the possibility of anarchy on event of their refusal to join, Patel kept trying to convince them to join India.
• He also introduced the concept of “privy purses”- a payment to be made to royal families for their agreement to merge with India.
  Bikaner, Baroda and few other states from Rajasthan were the first ones to join the union.
• There were several other states that were adamant to not join India. Some of them thought this to be the best moment to acquire independent statehood, while there were others who wanted to become a part of Pakistan.

Incorrect Statement: He accepted the views expressed by William Jones and other orientalists on ancient Indian culture.Key Points

• James Mill believed in a moral theory called Utilitarianism—that actions that lead to people's happiness are right and that those that lead to suffering are wrong.
• Apart from Mill Jeremy Bentham regarded as a classical philosopher and the founder of modern utilitarianism.
• Mill considerably modified Bentham's thesis of pleasure versus pain by admitting and emphasizing the qualitative aspect of pleasure.
• Mill made a difference between higher quality of pleasure and lower-quality of pleasure, he preferred more noble pleasure over less noble pleasure.
• He asserted that pleasures also differ in quality.
• Those pleasures which go with the exercise of intellectual capacities are higher and better than sensuous pleasures.
• Mill reformed the Utilitarian concept with his liberal thoughts, but according to criticism made by Wayper In all these alterations that he makes in Benthamism.
• Mill may think that he is defending it, but in fact, he is destroying it.
• Mill never advocated that Indian culture was static and its transformation lay in the infusion of Western ideas.

• Also, he never accepted the views expressed by William Jones and other orientalists on ancient Indian culture.

​So we conclude that 'He accepted the views expressed by William Jones and other orientalists on ancient Indian culture' is an incorrect statement.

The correct answer is Tomara Rajputs.

Key Points

• The Tomara Rajputs ruled over `Hariyana’ from Delhi when the Ghaznavids invaded India from the northwest.
• The kingdom of Lahore was annexed by the Ghaznavids in 1020.
• Sultan Masud, the successor of Sultan Mahmud, in the effort to extend his power, advanced towards Hansi and invested in the fort.
• After the fall of Hansi, he marched to Sonipat and defeated its governor, Dipal Hari.
• While the Tomaras of Delhi succeeded in recovering these territories, they made no attempt to oust Muslims from the kingdom of Lahore.
• The position, however, changed with the fall of Ghaznavids, when the kingdom of Lahore fell into the hands of Ghuris and the Tomaras of Delhi were overpowered by the Chahamanas.

Permanent settlement:

• Lord Cornwallis in 1793 introduced this policy.
• It was applied to Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Banaras, etc. 19% of British India was under it. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• Wanted to create one ownership only so, ownership was given to zamindars who will be loyal to the government.
• It was hereditary ownership. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• It became easy for the British to collect the revenue. 10/11 th part of total revenue collected went to the British; while the rest to the zamindars.
• Zamindars were given judicial powers to convict the peasants in case of non-payment of taxes.
• Agriculture was made on the capitalist line.
• Accordingly, option D is correct.

The correct option is 1-d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c

Key Points

Sufism

• Like the saint poets, the Sufis too composed poems expressing their feelings, and a rich literature in prose, including anecdotes and fables, developed around them.
• Among the great Sufis of Central Asia were Ghazzali, Rumi and Sadi.

Pir

• They developed elaborate methods of training using zikr (chanting of a name or sacred formula), contemplation, sama (singing), raqs (dancing), discussion of parables, breath control, etc. under the guidance of a master or Pir.

SILSILAS and Tariqa

• Thus emerged the Silsilas, a spiritual genealogy of Sufi teachers, each following a slightly different method (Tariqa) of instruction and ritual practice
• A large number of Sufis from Central Asia settled in Hindustan from the eleventh century onwards.
• This process was strengthened with the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate when several major Sufi centres developed all over the subcontinent.
• The Chishti silsila was among the most influential orders.
• It had a long line of teachers like Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti of Ajmer, Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki of Delhi, Baba Farid of Punjab, Khwaja Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi and Bandanawaz Gisudaraz of Gulbarga.

Khanqah

• The Sufi masters held their assemblies in their khanqahs or hospices.

• Devotees of all descriptions including members of the royalty and nobility, and ordinary people flocked to these khanqahs.

So the correct matching is

• The Vittala Temple, especially noted for its extraordinary musical pillars and the iconic stone chariot, is an epitome of Vijayanagara architectural brilliance, showcasing advanced engineering techniques and a deep understanding of sacred geometry.
• Carved into stone poetry, Vittala Temple resonates with Vijayanagara's brilliance.
• Its musical pillars, crafted with precise geometries, chime like celestial instruments when tapped, whispering secrets of advanced sound engineering.
• The stone chariot, a breathtaking monolith, stands as a testament to their mastery of weight distribution and symbolism, mirroring the divine vehicle of Lord Vishnu. Every intricate detail, from swirling sculptures to harmonious ratios, reflects a deep understanding of sacred geometry, imbuing the temple with an aura of divinity and architectural marvel. Standing amidst history, Vittala Temple is a symphony of stone, echoing the glorious legacy of Vijayanagara.

Both the statements would have been correct if not for a minor factual flaw. It was Lord Lytton and not Rippon who followed aggressive Afghan policy leading to second Anglo-Afghan war 1878-80. He wanted to secure natural frontiers in north west and establish firm British control to inhibit Russian advance.

Masterly Inactivity policy was followed by John Lawrence. Lord Lawrence was cautious in dealing with the Afghanistan and did not wish to intervene in internal struggle for succession. In his own words "we will leave the Afghans to settle their own quarrels, and that we are willing to be on terms of amity and goodwill with the nation and with their rulers de facto".

The correct answer is Kushalchandra.

• Kushalchandra wrote Dhola-maru-ri-vat.

Key Points

• The Dhola Maru is the romantic tale of Dhola and Maru in Rajasthan.
• The Dhola Maru story is deeply rooted in folklore and oral traditions.
• It was composed in 1617.
• In Rajasthani literature Vat means story.
• Dhola Maru ra Doha is the edited text by Kashi Nagari Pracharini sabha.

Additional Information

• Nayan Chandra Suri
  • He was a Jain scholar.
  • He wrote Hammira Mahakavya in the 15th century.
• Bappabhatti Suri
  • ​He was a Jain monk.​
  • He composed 52 books some of which are Chaturvinshati and Saraswati stotra.
• Sringardevi
  • ​She was the daughter of Rao Jodha Rathore a ruler of Mandore.
  • She was married to Rana Raimal of Mewar.

Samkhya is an Orthodox Indian philosophical system. Orthodox Indian philosophical system believes in soul and karma theory. For Karma theory to hold, soul has to undergo rebirth or transmigration. Therefore, without liberation no soul can be free from the cycle of rebirth or transmigration. Samkhya school philosophy- after you have ‘died’ in this life you will go through a process of rebirth where depending on your actions in your former life your status will be decided.

The correct answer is To promote religious harmony

Key Points

• Akbar, known for his tolerance, aimed to create a system that blended elements from Islam, Hinduism, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, and Christianity to foster understanding and unity among his diverse subjects.
• Some historians argue that Din-i-Ilahi wasn't meant to replace existing religions but rather served as a personal exploration of spirituality for Akbar himself. He might have seen it as a path to a universal truth not confined by any specific religion.
• Beyond just religious tolerance, Akbar might have aimed to create a shared cultural identity for his vast empire. Din-i-Ilahi, with its eclectic mix of elements, could have served as a bridge between different ethnic and religious groups.

Additional Information

• Regardless of the main purpose, Din-i-Ilahi never gained widespread acceptance beyond a small circle of Akbar's confidantes. Yet, it remains a unique experiment in interfaith dialogue and a testament to Akbar's quest for tolerance and understanding

Zamindar Kunwar Singh was the king of Jagdishpur of Bihar province. He led from Bihar in the revolt of 1857.

As per the Government of India Act of 1919, it was announced that a commission would be appointed after ten years (1929) to investigate the usefulness of the act of 1919. But the failure of the Government of India Act of 1919 and the continuous demand of Indian leaders forced the British to appoint the Simon Commission before the schedule in 1927.

The Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946 under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan. It appointed a number of committees to deal with different tasks of constitution making. Some of them were: 

A. States Committee (Committee for negotiating with the States) headed by Jawaharlal Nehru.

B. Provincial Constitution Committee headed by Sardar Patel.

C. Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee headed by J.B. Kripalani

D. Steering Committee headed by Dr. Rajendra Prasad.

Key Points

• Statement 1 is correct. The foreign princes patronized and cultivated Sanskrit literature. The earliest specimen of Kavya style is found in the Junagadh inscription of Rudradaman 1 of Kathiawar in about A.D. 150. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• Statement 2 is correct. The Junagadh rock inscription of Rudradaman, also known as the Girnar Rock inscription of Rudradaman, is a Sanskrit prose inscribed on a rock by the Western Satraps ruler Rudradaman I. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• Statement 3 is incorrect. The earliest specimen of Kavya style is found in the Junagadh inscription of Rudradaman 1 of Kathiawar in about A.D. 150 From onwards inscription began to be composed in Chaste Sanskrit, although the use of Prakrit in composing inscription continued till the 4th A.D. and even later. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.

Additional Information

• From onwards A.D. 150 inscription began to be composed in Chaste Sanskrit, although the use of Prakrit in composing inscription continued till the 4th A.D. and even later.
• Junagarh inscription is located near Girnar hill near Junagadh, Gujarat, India. The inscription is dated shortly after 150 CE.^[1] The Junagadh rock contains inscriptions of Ashoka (one of fourteen of the Major Rock Edicts of Ashoka), Rudradaman I, and Skandagupta.

The correct answer is 1,2,and3.

Key Points

The Santhals became Settlers:

• Zamindars and Britishers after having failed to subdue the Paharias and transform them into settled cultivators turned to Santhals. The Santhal appeared to be ideal settlers, cleared the forest and ploughed land.
• After land was granted, population of Santhals increased exponentially and their villages also increased in number.
• When the Santhal were settling, the Paharias resisted but were ultimately forced to withdraw deeper into hills. It impoverished the Paharias in the long term. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

The Fifth Report and its Impact on Zamindars:

• It was the fifth of a series of report on administration and activities of East India Company in India.
• It was submitted to the British Parliament in 1813. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• British Parliament forced the company to produce regular report on the administration of India and appointed committees to enquire into the affairs of the company. It became the basis of intense parliamentary debates on the nature of East India Company’s rule in India.
• Fifth report has shaped our conception of what happened in rural Bengal during that period and evidence contained in the 5th report are very important.

The Rise of The Jotedars in Villages:

• The group of prosperous farmers were popularly known as jotedars.
• Jotedars were a class of rich peasants.
• They acquired vast areas of land, controlled trade, money lending and exercise immense- power over the poorer cultivators. Their land was cultivated through share cropper known as adhiyars or bargadars.
• Within village the power of jotedars was more effective than that of Zamindars. They fiercely resisted the efforts of Jama to increase the Jama of village and prevented zamindari official from executing their duties.
• Sometimes they also purchased the auctioned property of zamindar.
• Joiedar played an important role in weakening of zamindari system. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Bengal and the Zamindars:

• Colonial rule was first established in Bengal. In Bengal, East India Company tried to reorder the rural society and establish new land rights and new revenue system.
• There was an auction held at Burdwan in 1797, which was popularly known as Grand Public Event.
• Company fixed the revenue and each zamindar was supposed to pay. This fixing of revenue was done under the Permanent Settlement and it become operational from year 1793.
• The Zamindars who failed to pay the revenue, their estate was auctioned to recover the revenue. But sometimes it was found that the purchasers at auction were servants and agents of the zamindar himself, e.g. auction in Burdwan. Hence, statement 4 is not correct.

The Khaksar movement was a social movement based in Lahore, Punjab, British India, established by Allama Mashriqi in 1931, with the aim of freeing India from the rule of the British Empire and establish a Hindu-Muslim government in India. All members, regardless of rank, wore the same uniform; a khaki shirt with khaki pyjama secured with a belt, together with military boots. The khaki colour was chosen because it was "simple and unpresuming" and "cheap and available for all", although in practice the uniforms were paid for by the Khaksar organisation. All Khaksars carried a belcha (spade) as a sign of unity and strength and in imitation of Muhammad. In addition the spade represents humility, in the same way that a spade is used to level the ground, the Khaksars used it as a symbol of the "leveling" of society.

The correct chronology of the conquests of Alauddin Khilji is: (ii), (iii), (i), (iv)

Key Points

• Alauddin Khalji was one of the most powerful rulers from the Khalji dynasty and became the Sultan of Delhi in 1296 AD.
• During his reign, Alauddin defended his kingdom against the Mongol invasions, at Jaran-Manjur, Sivistan, Kili, Delhi, and Amroha.
• Later, he also raided and annexed other kingdoms such as Gujarat, Ranthambore, Chittor, Malwa, Siwana, and Jalore.
• Given below is the details of various kingdoms annexed by Alauddin Khalji:
  • Gujarat (1299 AD):
    • This was Alauddin's first army attack after becoming the ruler.
    • He was aware of the weak economic status of Gujarat even before sitting on the throne, hence he found it very convenient to attack Gujarat.
    • The King of Gujarat at this time was ‘Karna’.
    • Karna rescued himself and his family to Devagiri in Maharashtra due to fear of this attack.
  • Ranthambore (1301 AD):
    • ​It was ruled by Hamir Dev of the Chauhan dynasty.
    • Hammir Dev gave refuge to the ‘new Muslims’.
    • This was not appreciated by Alauddin, and thus he attacked Ranthambore.
    • Hammir Dev Chauhan was defeated by Alauddin in this battle.
    • One of the main commander of Alauddin, ‘Nusrat Khan’ got killed in this battle.
  • Chittorgarh (1303 AD):
    • ​The reason why Chittor was attacked was that it was in the way of trade route to Gujarat.
    • The famous Sufi poet and scholar Amir Khusrow also accompanied Alauddin in this battle.
    • The fort was renamed as Khijrabad after this victory.
    • It was named after Alauddin’s son Khijr Khan.
  • Second Campaign of Devgiri (1306-1307):
    • ​The Yadav dynasty ruled it during this time under the king Ramdev.
    • The kingdom of Devgiri was attacked when Ramdev refused to pay the yearly tax to Alauddin.

    • Ramdev was brought to Delhi, where he later surrendered.

The correct answer is C A B D.

Key Points

• Hunter commission - 1882
  • It was constituted to look into the status of elementary education of India.
  • Its another objective was to look into the failure in implementation of Wood's Despatch.
  • William Wilson Hunter was the chairman of this commission who was a member of Indian Civil Services.
  • Its another name was Higher Education Commission.
  • It was appointed by Lord Rippon, Viceroy of India.
  • Recommendations-
    1. Encourage primary education
    2. Progress in Secondary education.
    3. Grant-in aid for schools
    4. Moral and Physical education were emphasized.
• Saddler Commission - 1917
  • Dr Michael Sadler was the chairman of this committee.
  • It recommended 10+2+3 pattern of education.
  • Purdah schools were established for Muslim girls.
  • It recommended separate board for secondary and intermediate education.
• Wood's Despatch - 1854
  • ​Charles Wood, who was the president of Board of control of English education in EIC, sent a despatch to Lord Dalhousie.
  • This laid down the foundation of education in India.
  • He emphasized on Art, science, literature and philosophy of Europe, in his recommendations.
• Sargent Plan - 1944
  • ​Sir John Sargeant was asked to prepare a comprehensive plan for education in India in the year 1944.
  • It recommended promotion of pre-primary education.
  • Secondary schools were intended to provide education to those students who were above average and had excellent aptitude for higher education.

It has often been said that Congress in the first twenty years was “moderate” in its objectives and methods.

Key Points

• During this period it demanded a greater voice for Indians in the government and in administration.
• It wanted the Legislative Councils to be made more representative, given more power and introduced in provinces where none existed.
• It demanded that Indians be placed in high positions in the government.
• For this purpose, it called for civil service examinations to be held in India as well, not just in London.
• ​The early Congress also raised a number of economic issues.
• It declared that British rule had led to poverty and famines: an increase in the land revenue had impoverished peasants and zamindars, and exports of grains to Europe had created food shortages.
• Congress demanded a reduction of revenue, a cut in military expenditure, and more funds for irrigation.
• It passed many resolutions on the salt tax, treatment of Indian labourers abroad, and the sufferings of forest dwellers – caused by an interfering forest administration.
• All this shows that despite being a body of the educated elite, Congress did not talk only on behalf of professional groups, zamindars or industrialists. ​
• The Moderate leaders wanted to develop public awareness about the unjust nature of British rule.
• They published newspapers, wrote articles, and showed how British rule was leading to the economic ruin of the country.
• However, the Moderates were opposed to the use of boycotts. They felt that it involved the use of force.

Thus, we can conclude that 'Moderates advocated boycott of foreign goods.' is not correct regarding the moderate leaders of the Indian National Congress.

The moderates succeeded to pass the Indian Council Act of 1892 by the British Government. But later declared the Council Act of 1892 as a “hoax”.

1). Hindustan People’s Republican Party:- first revolutionary organization at all India level. It was founded by Sachin Sanyal and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee in 1924. At the instance of Bhagat Singh, its name was changed to ‘Socialist Party’.

2). Shyamaji Krishnaverma:- a secret society founded in London. It was founded by Shyamaji Krishnaverma. They also started the journal ‘Indian Sociologist’.

• Statement 1 is incorrect. Kharosthi was an ancient Indian script used in Gandhara (now Pakistan and north-eastern Afghanistan) to write Gandhari Prakrit and Sanskrit. It was used in Central Asia as well. It was also in use in Bactria, the Kushan Empire, Sogdia, and along the Silk Road. There is some evidence it may have survived until the 7th century in Khotan and Niya, both cities in Xinjiang. It was written from right to left. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. Brahmi is the modern name for a writing system of ancient South Asia. The Brahmi writing system, or script, appeared as a fully developed universal one in South Asia in the third century BCE. Among the inscriptions of Ashoka c. 3rd-century BCE written in the Brahmi script a few numerals were found, which have come to be called the Brahmi numerals. Brahmi script was written from left to right. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
• Statement 3 is correct. Ancient Greeks added vowels to a consonantal language and changed their horizontal writing direction from right-to-left to left-to-right. The idea that the dextral majority in ancient Greece developed left-to-right writing solely because writing efficiency was greater is questioned.

• (a) Shift to Radical Independence: The INC initially focused on moderate reforms within the British Raj. However, in the early 20th century, it embraced a more radical approach under leaders like Gandhi. This involved mass civil disobedience movements like the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Quit India Movement to achieve complete independence.
• (b) Socialist Economic Model: Following independence, the INC, under Nehru's leadership, adopted a socialist economic model with a focus on centralized planning, state intervention in key industries, and import substitution industrialization. This aimed to achieve rapid economic development and self-reliance.
• (c) Challenges of Secularism: Despite enshrining secularism in the Constitution, the INC faced challenges in managing religious tensions. Issues like the partition of India and the debate over a Uniform Civil Code highlighted the complexities of balancing the interests of diverse religious communities

Additional Information

• The Indian National Congress was established when 72 representatives from all over the country met at Bombay in 1885.
• Prominent delegates included Dadabhai Naoroji, Surendranath Banerjee, Badruddin Tyabji, Pherozeshah Mehta, W. C. Bonnerjee, S. Ramaswami Mudaliar, S.

In the year 1884, the Indian Jute Mills Association was established. In the year 1902, it was named as the Indian Jute Mills Association. Though it was renamed, it was totally under the control of the British.

The ratio of the Indian sepoys to the Europeans in the British Indian Army on the eve of the outbreak of the Revolt of 1857 is 6: 1. Key Points

• The Revolt of 1857, also known as the Indian Rebellion or the Sepoy Mutiny, was a significant uprising against British rule in India that took place between 1857 and 1858.
• At the time, the British Indian Army played a crucial role in maintaining British control over the Indian subcontinent.
• To understand the ratio of Indian sepoys to Europeans in the army on the eve of the outbreak of the revolt, we need to examine the composition of the British Indian Army during that period.
• The British Indian Army was primarily composed of native Indian soldiers known as sepoys.
• These sepoys were recruited from various regions of India and were organized into regiments under British command.
• The sepoys served alongside British officers and formed the backbone of the British Indian Army.
• During the mid-19th century, the ratio of Indian sepoys to Europeans in the British Indian Army was approximately 6:1.
• This means that for every European soldier, there were approximately six Indian sepoys.
• The large number of Indian sepoys relative to Europeans was a characteristic feature of the army's composition at that time.
• There were several reasons for this ratio.
• Firstly, the British East India Company, which initially controlled India before the British Crown took over in 1858, relied heavily on local manpower to maintain its control and expand its territories.
• Recruiting Indian sepoys allowed the British to have a larger and more cost-effective military force in India.
• Secondly, India's vast population provided a significant pool of potential recruits.
• The sepoys were drawn from diverse backgrounds, including different castes, religions, and regions of India.
• This diversity was somewhat advantageous to the British, as it prevented a unified front against British rule among the sepoys during the early stages of the revolt.
• Thirdly, the British also believed that Indian soldiers would be more loyal and disciplined if they were led and supervised by European officers.
• European officers held higher ranks and were responsible for the overall command and control of the regiments.
• The British considered themselves to be more reliable and capable leaders, and they relied on their presence to maintain discipline and obedience among the sepoys.
• The ratio of 6:1 on the eve of the Revolt of 1857 indicates the dominance of Indian sepoys in the British Indian Army during that period.
• It highlights the significant role played by Indian soldiers in both upholding British rule and, later, challenging it during the revolt.

• The sepoys' grievances, including issues related to pay, working conditions, cultural insensitivity, and rumours regarding the use of animal fat in ammunition, eventually contributed to the outbreak of the revolt.

Hence we conclude that the ratio of the Indian sepoys to the Europeans in the British Indian Army on the eve of the outbreak of the Revolt of 1857 is 6: 1.

1) Under this system, the ruler of the allying Indian state was compelled to accept the permanent stationing of the British defence forces within his territory and to pay a subsidy for its maintenance.

2) The ruler also sometimes ceeded part of his territory instead of paying annual subsidy.

3) The ruler would agree to the posting at his court of a resident of a British Resident, however, he would not employ any European in his service without the approval of the British, and that he would not negotiate with any other Indian ruler without consulting the Governor-General.

The policy of the equal federation was started in 1935 and ended in 1947. The cessation process was started gradually after the Outbreak of World War II.

• Prathana Samaj- Atmaram Pandurang
• Young India - Mohandas Karamchand
• Lokhitvadi- Gopal Hari Deshmukh
• Satyashodhak Samaj- Jyotiba Phule
• Rehnumai Mazdayasan Sabha - Naoroji Furdonji

Tatwabodhini Patrika was started by Debendranath Tagore to promote studies on Indian Philosophy. The Bengali intellectual Dinabandhu Mitra wrote the popular play Nildarpan, depicting the plight of Indigo cultivators. Raja Ram Mohan Roy has also been called as ‘Father of Modern India’ and ‘Father of Modern Indian Journalism’. He was the founder of the journal ‘The Bengal Gazette’. Swami Dayananda Saraswati wrote the famous Satya Artha Prakash.