TS SET Paper 2 Mock Test - 6 (History) - TS TET MCQ

• Upanishad talks about the philosophy of the Life cycle. It talks about the process of the soul achieving Moksha.
• There were six schools of thought to propound the Upanishads called Saddarshana namely Samkhya, Yoga, Vaisheshika, Nyaya, Mimansa, and Vedanta.

Samkhya:

• It was founded by Kapil Rishi.
• It means ‘Count’. It says divine agency is not necessary to the creation of the world.
• It believes a person can acquire Moksha by acquiring knowledge through Perception, interference, and hearing.

Yoga:

• It was founded by Patanjali.
• It believed that salvation can be acquired through meditation and physical application.
• A physical exercise called Asana and Breathing exercise called Pranayam.

Vaisheshika:

• It was founded by Kanad Rishi.
• It discussed material elements that are Earth, Water, Fire, Air, and Sky which form new objects.
• He was the one to provide the first-ever Atom theory.
• But, it diluted the scientific view by believing in God and spirituality. Kanad believed that God is the one who creates the new objects using these 5 elements.

Nyaya:

• It was founded by Gautam Rishi.
• It believed salvation can be achieved by the acquisition of knowledge by applying logic(analogy).

Mimansa:

• It was founded by Badrayana.
• Salvation can be achieved through the art of reasoning and interpretation.

Vedanta:

• In this, discussions about soul and divine were made by Adi Shankaracharya, Ramanujacharya, etc.

The Company had become the Diwan, but it still saw itself primarily as a trader.

• It wanted a large revenue income but was unwilling to set up any regular system of assessment and collection.
• The effort was to increase the revenue as much as it could and buy fine cotton and silk cloth as cheaply as possible.
• Within five years the value of goods bought by the Company in Bengal doubled.
• Before 1865, the Company had purchased goods in India by importing gold and silver from Britain.
• Now the revenue collected in Bengal could finance the purchase of goods for export.

Important PointsSoon it was clear that the Bengal economy was facing a deep crisis.

• Artisans were deserting villages since they were being forced to sell their goods to the Company at low prices.
• Peasants were unable to pay the dues that were being demanded from them.
• Artisanal production was in decline, and agricultural cultivation showed signs of collapse.
• Then in 1770 a terrible famine killed ten million people in Bengal. About one-third of the population was wiped out.

Thus, it is clear that due to a terrible famine, ten million people in Bengal were wiped out.

• Phallic worship: Circular stone objects were a representation of male genital organs and lingam-shaped objects.
• There were 3 types of burial systems observed:

1. Extended burial system: The body was placed in North-South directions.
2. Symbolic burial system: Body couldn’t found eg. Kaalibangan
3. Twin burial system: Two bodies in one grave. eg. Man and Dog.

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3Key PointsSignificance of the Revolt of 1857:

• The revolt disclosed several forms of flaws and inconsistencies in the administrative apparatus. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• It instantly drew the attention of the British Government in London.
• The major flaws and deficiencies in the administration were corrected.
• It exposed the East India Company's military flaws, which were immediately rectified.
• The Government of India Act, 1858 abolished Company rule.
• The direct responsibility for the administration of the country was assumed by the Crown.
• Queen's proclamation made Indian states to recognise the paramountcy of the Crown.
• Earlier the provinces were ruled by companies and each province has its own governance.
• The states were ruled by local rulers that were having their own governance.
• Thus, the Queen's proclamation brought about politico-administrative unification. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• A professional civil service, a unified judiciary and codified civil and criminal laws led to political unity.
• The revolt was brought out in the open grievances of the people and sepoys. They were undoubtedly justified in fighting for their rights. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• The Indians' crude weapons were no match for the British's more advanced arsenal in the test of strength.
• The reports of the atrocities persuaded Indian intellectuals that using violence in the fight for liberation was pointless.
• It became clear that the educated Indians had no faith in military resistance.
• And the revolt's failure further strengthened their opinion and formed the bedrock of Indian nationalism.

Additional InformationConsequences of the Revolt of 1857:

• As the East India Company's tenure came to an end, the British crown assumed control.
• For the Indian government, a new structure was formed.
• India's army was restructured with more Europeans.
• The annexation strategy was abandoned.
• Beginning of the policies of divide and rule.
• End of the reform measures taken by the British, they kept an arms distance from social issues.

The British destroyed the native industries by imposing various taxes. The first industry affected was India’s Ship building industry. The Bania merchants used to manufacture very huge ships called Zankars which were made up of coir. The second industry targeted was the textiles Industry. Taxes were levied on Indian textiles at every stage of their production. Moturpha was the tax on handlooms, Siyur was the transitory duty levied on Indian Commodities.

The correct answer is the Treaty of Seringapatam.

Key Points

• Treaty of Seringapatam, 1792.
  • The ‘Treaty of Srirangapatnam’ was signed on 18 March 1792.
  • It ended the Third Anglo-Mysore War.
  • During the third Anglo-Mysore war, Tipu Sultan forces were attacked by the combined forces of the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad, and the East India Company.
  • Tipu Sultan lost against the combined forces and was forced to sign a treaty with the British by which two of his sons were taken away as hostages. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
  • Under this treaty, nearly half of the Mysorean territory was taken over by the alliance of the British, Nizam, and the Marathas.
  • Baramahal, Dindigul, and Malabar went to the British, while the Marathas got the regions surrounding the Tungabhadra and its tributaries and the Nizam acquired the areas from Krishna to beyond the Pennar.
  • Besides, war damage of three crore rupees was also taken from Tipu.
  • Half of the war indemnity was to be paid immediately while the rest was to be given in installments, for which Tipu’s two sons were taken as hostages by the English.
  • The Third Anglo-Mysore War destroyed Tipu’s dominant position in the south and firmly established British supremacy there.

The Shatapatha / Satapatha Brahmana is a commentary on the Śukla Yajurveda. It is described as the most complete, systematic, and important of the Brahmanas. It contains details of cultivation process along with detailed explanations of Vedic sacrificial rituals, symbolism, and mythology.

On 21st October 1943, Subhash set up the Provisional Government of Free India in Singapore.

The correct answer is Option 4, i.e 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d.

• Ravidas Ji was an Indian mystic poet-saint of the Bhakti movement during the 15th to 16th century CE in the region of Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh.
• Shankaradeva was one of the leading proponents of Vaishnavism in Assam in the late fifteenth century.
• Eknath was a prominent Marathi saint, scholar, a great devotee of Lord Krishna, and a religious poet of the Varkari sampradaya from Maharashtra.
• Baba Farid (c. 4 April 1179 – 7 May 1266) was a 12th-century Punjabi Muslim preacher and who went on to become one of the most revered and distinguished Muslim mystics.

In 1899, the Savarkar brothers founded ‘Abhinav Bharat’, the first revolutionary organization in India as a secret society. In 1902, Anushilan Samiti of Dacca, another secret society was founded by Pulin Das. In 1924, Sachin Sanyal and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee founded the Hindustan People’s Republic Party, the first revolutionary organization at an all India level. Bharat Mata Sangam was the popular revolutionary organization founded by Subramanya Sivam and Neelakantha Brahmachari in 1908.

The correct answer is Both (A) and (B) are true and (B) is the correct explanation of (A).

Key Points

• Henry Louis Vivian Derozia was a radical thinker and one of the first Indian educators to disseminate Western learning and science.
• He constantly encouraged his students to think freely, to question, and not to accept anything blindly.
• His teachings inspired the development of the spirit of liberty, equality and freedom.
• They also tried to remove social evils, improve the conditions of women and peasants, and promoted liberty through freedom of the press, trial by jury and so on.

Thus, we can say that Henry Louis Vivian Derozia's students attached tradition and custom, demanded education for women and campaigned for freedom of thought and expression and that Henry had radical ideas and encouraged his pupils to question all authority.

Key Points

• Andhra Pradesh holds the distinction of being the first state in India to be formed on linguistic lines, marking a significant event in the post-independence history of India.
• The demand for the creation of a separate state for Telugu-speaking people resulted in the formation of Andhra Pradesh from the Telugu-speaking northern districts of Madras State (now Tamil Nadu).
• This historic event took place on October 1, 1953, following the fast unto death by Potti Sriramulu, a freedom fighter and a staunch advocate of the linguistic state. His self-sacrifice highlighted the intensity of the demand for linguistic states and eventually led to the reorganization of states based on linguistic lines across the country.
• Potti Sriramulu's death triggered widespread protests and forced the Indian government to acknowledge the linguistic aspirations of different regions, setting in motion the process for the linguistic reorganization of states in India.
• The creation of Andhra Pradesh was followed by the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, which led to the reorganization of state boundaries primarily on linguistic lines.
• This act was a landmark in the political landscape of post-independence India, ensuring the administrative convenience and the cultural coherence of the states, and has profoundly influenced the structure of the Indian Union.

Additional Information

• Potti Sriramulu was an Indian freedom fighter and activist, renowned for his pivotal role in the formation of Andhra Pradesh, the first Indian state to be created on linguistic lines.
• He undertook a fast unto death in 1952, advocating for the creation of a separate state for Telugu-speaking people.
• His death catalyzed the linguistic reorganization of Indian states.

'Panchatantra' is one of the Sanskrit FABLES, which was composed by Pt. Vishnu Sharma. This book has been translated into 15 Indian and four foreign languages.

On March 12, 1612, Jahangir granted a firman permitting the British establishing factories at Surat, Gogha, Ahmedabad and Cambay. Thus, Surat became the first established settlement of British in India and a factory was established there in 1612-13.

Kshitindra Nath Majumdar is the painter of the Bengal School.

Key Points

• Bengal School was an art movement originated in Bengal.
  • It was associated with Indian Nationalism and led by Abanindranath Tagore.
  • Nandlal Bose, Mukul Dey, Kshitindra Nath Majumdar are some of the Bengal artist.
• Kshitindra Nath Majumdar was born in 1891.
  • He learnt wash technique from Abanindranath Tagore.
  • His paintings reflected the influence of far eastern and Japenese art.
  • His paintings were based on themes of Vaishnav Gods, Goddesses and saints.

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Additional Information

The correct answer is Akhbar-ul Akhyar.Key Points

• Akhbar ul Akhyar appeared in the 16th century.
• Shaikh Abdul Haq Muhaddis Dehlawi (1551–1663) was one of the most illustrious scholar-sufis (alim-sufi) of Mughal India.
• He compiled Akhbar ul Akhiyar in Persian, which is recognised as a leading source of South Asian Sufism.
• He was born in 1551 (958 AH) in Delhi, hence the suffix Dehlavi to his name.
• He became a writer in Arabic and Persian, who won favour from both Mughal Emperors, Jahangir (r.1605-28) and Shah Jahan (r.1628-58), and in time became a scholar of Islam.
• Akhbar ul Akhyar was compiled in order to explore elements of the implicit and at times explicit, challenges posed to the hegemonic orthodoxy, which was often identified with the Arabisation process.

Additional Information

Maasir-ul-Umara:

• It is a biographical dictionary of the officers in the Mughal empire until 1780 AD.
• It was the work of Shah Nawaz Khan (entitled Samsamuddaula) and his son Abdul Hai.
• Shah Nawaz Khan devoted himself to the compilation of the work from August 1741 to 1747.
• The Maasir-ul-Umara is a storehouse of knowledge about the history of the Mughals in India.

• There is no dearth of the contemporary history of the Mughal empire; these include the namahs, such as Baburnamah, Humayun namah, Padshahnamah, Alamgirnamah etc.

Akhbar-ul Akhyar:

• It is a Persian-language biography of notables in the Mughal Empire (1556–1780).
• It was written by Samsam ud Daula Shah Nawaz Khan and his son Abdul Hai Khan.
• Its variants of the title include Ma'athir al-Umara, Maasir al-Umara, and Maathir ul-Umara.

• Shah Nawaz Khan relies upon a variety of Persian histories for his information, which he lists in his introduction.

Zakhirat-ul Khwanin:

• It is a biographical dictionary of Mughal Nobles.
• Composed in 1651, Zakhiratul Khwanin of Shaikh Farid Bhakkari is an important source to understand social trends and tensions of the Mughal times.
• The author of this work was the pioneer in the field of writing biographies of even the lesser mansabdars associated with the Mughal court.
• Zakhiratul Khwanin would be studied as a source of information regarding the Mughal society.

The correct answer is Both 1 and 2.

Key Points

Ports, Forts, and Centra for Services:

• By the 18th century Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay, all had important ports and became the economic centre.
• The company built its factories and fortified these settlements for protection.
  • Fort St. George in Madras, Fort Wiliam in Calcutta, and the Fort in Bombay were famous settlements of that time. Hence. Options 1 and 2 are correct.
• Indian traders, merchants, and artisans who worked with the European merchant lived outside these forts in their own settlements.
• The settlement of Europeans was called ‘White Town’ and the settlement of Indians was known as ‘Black Town’.
• The expansion of railways connected the hinterland to these port cities.
• So it became convenient to transport raw materials and labour to the cities.
• In the 19th century, there was the expansion of cotton and jute mills in the regions of Bombay and Calcutta.
• There were only two proper industrial cities. Kanpur, which specialized in leather, woollen, and textiles, and the second city was Jamshedpur, which specialized in steel.
• However, Industrial development was lagging behind in India due to the discriminatory policies of the British.

The Lucknow session of INC was presided over by S.C. Majumdar. Reunion between Moderates and the Extremists took place. Apart from that INC and Muslim League revamped their nexus by demanding common issues to the Government.

Mahabalipuram was one of the major port cities by the 7th century within the Pallava kingdom. The town was named after Pallava king Narasimhavarman I, who was also known as Mahabali.  Mahabalipuram is a UNESCO world heritage site.

The correct answer is ​Neither 1 nor 2.

Key Points

• Vijayanagara empire :
  • ​​​Fortifications and roads​
    • ​Abdur Razzaq, an ambassador sent by the ruler of Persia to Calicut (present-day Kozhikode) in the fifteenth century, was greatly impressed by the fortifications and mentioned seven lines of forts.
    • These encircled not only the city but also its agricultural hinterland and forests.
    • What was most significant about this fortification is that it enclosed agricultural tracts. Abdur Razzaq noted that “ between the first, second and the third walls there are cultivated fields, gardens and houses”.
      • Why do you think agricultural tracts were incorporated within the fortified area?
        • Often, the objective of medieval sieges was to starve the defenders into submission. These sieges could last for several months and sometimes even years.
        • Normally rulers tried to be prepared for such situations by building large granaries within fortified areas.
        • The rulers of Vijayanagara adopted a more expensive and elaborate strategy of protecting the agricultural belt itself. Hence, Statement a is correct.
    • The fort was entered through well-guarded gates, which linked the city to the major roads.
    • Gateways were distinctive architectural features that often defined the structures to which they regulated access.
    • The arch on the gateway leading into the fortified settlement as well as the dome over the gate is regarded as typical features of the architecture introduced by the Turkish Sultans. Hence, Statement b is correct.
    • Art historians refer to this style as Indo-Islamic, as it grew continually through interaction with local building practices in different regions.

The correct answer is ​1 and 3 only.

Key Points

• December 1920, at the Nagpur session of the Indian National Congress:
  • The programme of non-cooperation was endorsed. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • An important change was made in the Congress creed: now, instead of having the attainment of self-government through constitutional means as its goal, the Congress decided to have the attainment of swaraj through peaceful and legitimate means, thus committing itself to an extra-constitutional mass struggle. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
  • Some important organisational changes were made:
    • A congress working committee (CWC) of 15 members was set up to lead the Congress from now onwards.
    • Provincial congress committees on a linguistic basis were organised. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
    • Ward committees were organised, and the entry fee was reduced to four annas.
  • Gandhi declared that if the non-cooperation programme was implemented completely, swaraj would be ushered in within a year.
• Many groups of revolutionaries, especially those from Bengal, also pledged support to the Congress programme.
• At this stage, some leaders like Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Annie Besant, G.S. Kharpade and B.C. Pal left the Congress.
  • ​As they believed in a constitutional and lawful struggle.
• While some others like Surendranath Banerjea founded the Indian National Liberal Federation and played a minor role in national politics henceforward.
• The adoption by the Congress of the non-cooperation movement initiated earlier by the Khilafat Committee gave it new energy, and the years 1921 and 1922 saw an unprecedented popular upsurge.

• The Pala Empire (8th to 12th centuries) in Bengal and the Bhaumakara dynasty (8th to 10th centuries) in Odisha, although distinct in their geographical regions and historical timelines, shared a significant cultural contribution to the Indian subcontinent through their patronage of Buddhism.
• Palas of Bengal: The Pala dynasty was a major Buddhist royal house that ruled over the Bengal region, which is today's Bangladesh and West Bengal in India.
• The Palas were known for their profound devotion to Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism.
• They established several significant Buddhist monasteries and centers of learning, the most famous among them being the Vikramashila and the revived Nalanda University.
• These institutions attracted students and scholars from different parts of Asia, serving as important hubs for the spread of Buddhist thought and practices. The Palas also sponsored the creation of numerous Buddhist texts and art, which had a lasting impact on the development of Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism.
• Bhaumakaras of Odisha: The Bhaumakara dynasty, ruling a portion of what is now Odisha, similarly showed a strong inclination towards Buddhism, especially during its early phase.
• Even though the religious landscape of Odisha is diverse, including significant influences of Shaivism, Shaktism, and Vaishnavism, early Bhaumakara rulers contributed to the flourish of Buddhism.
• They are known to have built Buddhist temples and supported the monastic communities. The influence reflecting their patronage can be seen in the Buddhist art and architecture remnants found in the region, illustrating the spread and sustenance of Buddhism in that part of India during their reign.
• Thus, both the Palas and the Bhaumakaras contributed significantly to the patronage of Buddhism, playing a crucial role in its proliferation and the cultural enrichment of the regions under their control.
• Their support fostered a vibrant environment for Buddhist education, art, and architecture, leaving a lasting legacy that continued to influence subsequent generations.

Niyoga practice in the Vedic Age has provided for a marriage of a childless widow with the brother of blood relation of her deceased husband for the sake of progeny.

All the statements are correct :

• The Pallava dynasty ruled in the Andhra region from the 2nd century AD onwards. Then, they moved southwards to Tamil Nadu.
• They built many monuments and temples during the 6th to 8th centuries.
• Although they were mostly Shaivite, some Vaishnava monuments were also seen. Their architecture was also influenced by the Buddhist heritage of the Deccan.
• Their early buildings were rock-cut, whereas the later were structural.
• The early buildings were built during the reign of Mahendravarman I, a contemporary of the Chalukya king Pulakeshin II of Karnataka.
• His son Narasimhavarman I, also known as Mamalla, was a great patron of the arts. Most buildings in Mahabalipuram (also called Mamallapuram in his honour) are attributed to him.
• In Mahabalipuram, there are exquisite monolithic rathas and mandapas. The five rathas there are known as Panchapandava Rathas.

The Governor General, Lord Wellesley asked Tipu Sultan to break his ties with French and enter into the Subsidiary Alliance but he refused to accept it. Thus, the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799) started. The war ended with the death of Tipu Sultan, who was killed while fighting to save his capital Srirangapatnam.The British East India Company took indirect control of Mysore and restored the Wodeyar Dynasty on the throne of Mysore and a subsidiary alliance system was imposed.

The UNESCO-listed World Heritage Site of Bhimbetka has clusters of natural rock shelters, displaying paintings that appear to date the Upper Paleolithic Era right through the historical period.

Statement 2 is incorrect as Committee was formed to agitate, for Indian political reforms, in the house of commons. Wedderburn empathized with the objectives of INC and was the chief architect of the committee. He

entered Parliament in 1893 as a Liberal member and sought to voice India's grievances in the House. He formed the Indian Parliamentary Committee with which he was associated as Chairman from 1893 to 1900.

Being and ex civil servant Wedderburn was criticised by his colleagues as a disloyal officer, for his continual tirades against the bureaucracy, his incessant pleading for the Indian peasant and for his stand on constitutional reforms for India.

Aryabhatta was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. He treated mathematics as a different discipline.

The correct answer is 1909.

• In 1909, the British Government announced certain reforms in the structure of the Government in India, which were known as the Morley-Minto Reforms.
• Indian Councils Act of 1909, also called Morley-Minto Reforms, series of reform measures enacted in 1909 by the British Parliament, the main component of which directly introduced the elective principle to membership in the imperial and local legislative councils in India.
• The act was formulated by John Morley, secretary of state for India (1905–10).

Additional Information

• It was instituted to placate the Moderates (Congress) and introduces separate electorates on the basis of religion.
• Lord Minto came to be known as the Father of Communal Electorate in India.