DSE Odisha TGT Science CBZ Mock Test - 5 - OTET MCQ

The inflation rate in the Eurozone fell to 4.3% in September, from 5.2% in August. This is the lowest level of inflation in the Eurozone since October 2021. The ECB is expected to continue raising interest rates to bring inflation back to its target level of 2%.

The tiger was declared the national animal of India in 1973. It symbolizes power, bravery, and is often referred to as the Lord of the jungle.

From Statement 1:

We have,

‘Be careful’ is coded as ‘oqa ahw’

In the same code language ‘dnj msk ahw swe’ means ‘May be next time’

Here, we can’t find the code for ‘Time’.

From Statement 2:

We have,

‘Be careful’ is coded as ‘oqa ahw’

In the same code language ‘vnm msk qqa oqa’ means ‘Careful you are next’

Here, we can’t find the code for ‘Time’.

From Statement1 and Statement2:

We have,

‘Be careful’ is coded as ‘oqa ahw’

In the same code language ‘dnj msk ahw swe’ means ‘May be next time’

In the same code language ‘vnm msk qqa oqa’ means ‘Careful you are next’

Here, we can’t find the confirm code for ‘Time’.

Hence option D is correct.

Definitely true. Had it not been so, why would BIS “constantly” expand and modernise its laboratories?

Neither of the conclusions can be said to definitely follow. ‘Practically every mineral’ does not mean ‘every mineral’ and hence gold may or may not be there. Similarly, a uranium content of 3 grams per 1000 tonnes of water may or may not harbour radiation hazard.

12 + 19 + 23 + 7 + x + 9 + 26 + 13 = 16 × 8
109 + x = 128
x = 128 – 109 = 19
Hence, Option D is correct.

Evolution of Ethernet from a Coaxial Cable Bus to Hub Managed, Twisted Pair Network
The first step in the evolution of Ethernet from a coaxial cable bus to a hub managed, twisted pair network was the introduction of the Star LAN. Here is a detailed explanation of this evolution:
1. Coaxial Cable Bus:
- Initially, Ethernet networks were based on a coaxial cable bus topology.
- In this setup, all devices were connected to a single cable, forming a bus-like structure.
- Data was transmitted over the cable, and each device could listen to the data being transmitted.
2. Limitations of Coaxial Cable Bus:
- The coaxial cable bus had limitations in terms of distance, speed, and scalability.
- It had a limited maximum distance for data transmission.
- As the network grew, the signal quality degraded, leading to performance issues.
- The bus topology was also susceptible to collisions, resulting in data collisions and network congestion.
3. Introduction of Star LAN:
- To overcome the limitations of the coaxial cable bus, the Star LAN topology was introduced.
- In the Star LAN, each device is connected to a central device called a hub or switch using twisted pair cables.
- The hub or switch acts as a central point for data transmission and management.
4. Advantages of Star LAN:
- The Star LAN topology addressed the limitations of the coaxial cable bus.
- It allowed for longer cable distances, as the hub or switch could regenerate and amplify the signal.
- Each device had its own dedicated connection to the hub or switch, eliminating the signal degradation issues of the bus topology.
- The star topology also reduced the likelihood of collisions, improving network performance and reliability.
5. Further Evolution:
- After the introduction of the Star LAN, Ethernet continued to evolve.
- Ring LAN and Mesh LAN are other network topologies that were developed, but they did not directly lead to the hub managed, twisted pair network evolution.
- Ring LAN uses a ring topology, and Mesh LAN employs multiple direct connections between devices.
In conclusion, the first step in the evolution of Ethernet from a coaxial cable bus to a hub managed, twisted pair network was the introduction of the Star LAN topology. This topology addressed the limitations of the coaxial cable bus and provided improved performance, scalability, and reliability for Ethernet networks.

Process Control Block
The process control block (PCB) is a data structure used by an operating system to maintain information about a specific process. It is an essential component of process management and contains various details related to a process's execution.
Key Points:
- Process Identification: The PCB contains a unique process identifier (PID) that distinguishes it from other processes running in the system.
- Process State: The PCB stores the current state of the process, such as running, waiting, or terminated. This information allows the operating system to schedule and manage processes effectively.
- Program Counter: The PCB includes the program counter, which keeps track of the next instruction to be executed by the process.
- Registers and CPU Information: The PCB stores the values of various registers (e.g., general-purpose registers, stack pointer, etc.) associated with the process. This information is crucial for context switching and resuming the process's execution.
- Memory Management: The PCB maintains information about the process's memory allocation, including the base and limit registers used for memory protection.
- Open Files: The PCB keeps track of any open files or resources associated with the process. This information is necessary for managing file access and ensuring proper resource utilization.
- Process Priority: The PCB may store the priority of the process, allowing the operating system to allocate resources and schedule processes accordingly.
- Parent-Child Relationship: The PCB includes pointers or references to the process's parent and child processes, enabling the operating system to manage process hierarchies and implement process synchronization or communication mechanisms.
- Accounting Information: The PCB may contain accounting information, such as the amount of CPU time consumed by the process, the amount of memory used, and other performance-related metrics.
Overall, the process control block serves as a comprehensive repository of information about a process, allowing the operating system to effectively manage and control its execution in a multi-tasking environment.

Assessment is integral to the teaching-learning process which helps in facilitating student learning and improving instruction.

• Formative assessment is goal-centered that is, it focuses attention on successful teaching and learning of important learning goals and standards.
• It identifies the learning gaps and deficiencies in teaching.
• In this form of assessment, a teacher embeds various forms of assessment all through the teaching and learning process. 
• Therefore, it is an ongoing assessment that allows teachers to monitor students on a day-to-day basis and modify their teaching based on what the students need to be successful.

For example, during a teaching in a class teacher ask questions, the teacher says to discuss among peer groups, observe children as they work on their tasks, a teacher receives feedback from students during teaching etc.

Primary level students learn more by observing pictures and specimens. Thus, they are most effective in teaching primary level students. Pictures and specimens are important visual tools which facilitate learning.

The teaching-learning process is aimed to bring relatively permanent change in the behavior of an individual (knowledge, skill, and attitude) that can be acquired consciously. 

The New Education Policy lays particular emphasis on the development of the creative potential of each individual. It is based on the principle that education must develop not only cognitive capacities - both the ‘foundational capacities ’of literacy and numeracy and ‘higher-order’ cognitive capacities, such as critical thinking and problem solving – but also social, ethical, and emotional capacities and dispositions. 

Key Points Following are the proposals made by National Education Policy 2020 (NEP):-

•  a variety of methods and strategies such as group work and role plays be used for assessment. 
•  apart from assessment by the teacher, other ways such as self-assessment and peer-assessment should be encouraged.
•  report card of the student should include progress in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. 
• focus on regular formative assessment for learning rather than the summative assessment that encourages today’s ‘coaching culture.

​Thus, it is concluded that NEP 2020 proposes shift from formative to summative assessment regarding proposals made by National Education Policy 2020 (NEP) is not correct.

Failure is the state or condition of not meeting a desirable aim and may be viewed as the opposite of success. There are many cognitive, physical, intellectual, emotional, and cultural causes for the failure of students.

A picture will be the best teaching aid to teach the subject of biology. A number of pictures can be used to teach each of the processes individually.

The nature-nurture phrase was given by English Victorian Polymath Galton in a discussion of the influence of hereditary and environment in social advancement. The nature-nurture debate involves whether a person's behavior is a product of the environment, or it is inherited. Some say that the person's behavior is a product of his surroundings while others argue that the person's behavior is a product of genetics.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Genetics and Environment.'

The first three periods containing 2, 8 and 8 elements respectively are called short periods, the next three periods containing 18,18 and 32 elements respectively are called long periods.

There are 5 orbitals in a d subshell and each orbital can accommodate 2 electrons. Hence the maximum number of electrons that can be filled in 3d subshell is 10.

In presence of moisture, rate of corrosion of metal is enhanced.

Light-harvesting complexes (LHC) within Photosystem I (PS I) and Photosystem II (PS II). These are named in the sequence of their discovery, and not in the sequence in which they function during the light reaction. The LHC is made up of hundreds of pigment molecules.

CoA is acetylated to acetyl CoA by the breakdown of carbohydrates through glycolysis and by the breakdown of fatty acids through β-oxidation.

In kerb cycle citric acid consists of 6C atoms ,α-ketoglutaric acid consist of 5C atoms, succinic acid consists of 4 C atoms and Acetyl co A consists of 2C atoms,

Energy produced during light reaction is transferred to the dark reaction in form of ATP to fix the carbon dioxide in form of glucose.

Valleys, shade sides of mountains and western ghats have more trees and water resources where more diverse fauna and flora may be present due to the availability of their life-sustaining resources compared with the others. Foothills, when compared with the mountain peak, are more diverse because mountain peaks are at higher altitude there is more sunlight, less water or we can say no water and also colder climate when compared to foothills so it will mostly be covered with either snow or there will exist a grassland.

Holozoic modes of nutrition is a method of nutrition that involves the ingestion of liquid or solid organic material, digestion, absorption and assimilation of it to utilize it. For example, amoeba. 

Saprophytes are the animals which feed on dead and decaying animals. For example, moulds, mushroom etc. 

Parasitic mode of nutrition is that in which organism feeds on a living organism (host). For example, leach, flatworm,plain worms etc. 

Autotroph is an organism that manufactures its own food from inorganic substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia. Most autotrophs, such as green plants, certain algae, and photosynthetic bacteria, use light for energy. 

Slimemoulds do not have chlorophyll. They are surrounded by the plasma membrane only (somatic parts are without cell walls). The slime moulds live usually amongst decaying vegetation. They are quite common on lawns and moist fields. They exhibit wide range of colouration. They have phagotrophic or saprotrophic nutrition. Parasitic forms are not known (Bold et all, 1987). Both asexual and sexual modes of reproduction are found. They produce spores within sporangia. A spore possesses a cell wall of cellulose.

In the given food web, organisms I (phytoplanktons) act as producers, organisms II, V and VII act as primary consumers as they feed on producers, organisms III and VI act as secondary consumers as they upon primary consumers, and organism IV acts as a tertiary consumer.

• An ecosystem consists of biotic and abiotic components that interact within a system.
• The components are linked together with various nutrient cycles and energy flows.
• The ecosystem might become unsafe and will collapse if the key species that drive major ecosystem functions are lost.

Phycomycetes are also called as Conjugation fungi. Because, phycomycetes can reproduce using dissimilar gametes i.e. anisogamous fertilization can take place and hence came the name conjugation fungi.

The components of the ecosystem are seen to function as a unit when the aspect is decomposition.

• It is a part of the nutrient cycle in which organic substances are broken down into simpler organic matter.