Test: Shape , Structure & Classification of Organic Compound (26 August) - JEE MCQ

No. of σ-bonds = 10; No. of π-bonds = 3

From left 1-sp³, 2-sp², 3-sp², 4-sp

Order of acidic strength is
H₂O > CH = CH > CH₂ = CH₂ > CH₃CH₃
We know that a stronger add has weak conjugate base and viceversa, thus order of basic nature of given compounds is
CH3 - CH^-₂> CH₂ = CH^- > CH ≡ C^- > OH^-

CH₃F - sp³ hybridised carbon, tetrahedral shape
(ii) HC = N - sp hybridised carbon, linear shape.

• The 1,1-dichloro isomer is omitted because it has no centers of chirality (symmetric carbon atom).
• In the case of cis & trans-1,4-dichlorocyclohexane, they do not have any chiral centers. Since in both the isomer, there will be a plane of symmetry (σ)
• containing the two Cl atoms, which will bisect the molecule into two identical halves.
• In Cis-1,3-dichlorocyclohexane, the two Cl atoms are identical and present in the cis orientation. The molecule possesses a plane of symmetry (σ) and is achiral.
• Because it is achiral even though it contains chirality centers it is called a meso compound.
• Trans-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane is an optically active compound and does not have a plane of symmetry. Thus, this is a chiral molecule.
• Trans-1,3-chlorocyclohexane is a chiral molecule. it is not superimposable on its mirror image.
• Trans-1,3-Dichlorocyclohexane has two chiral carbon atoms, and it lacks an internal plane of symmetry. It is not superimposable on its mirror image.
• It exists as a pair of optically active non-superimposable mirror-image isomers.