UPSSSC JE Mechanical Paper 1 Mock Test - 5 - Mechanical Engineering MCQ

सही उत्तर 'लोक + एषण = लोकएषणा' है।

Key Points

• दिए गए विकल्पों में असुमेलित 'लोक + एषण = लोकएषणा' है।
• 'लोक + एषणा' का सही सुमेल 'लोकैषणा (अ + ए = ऐ)' होता है।
• यह 'वृद्धि स्वर संधि' का उदाहरण है।
• इसमें अ या आ के बाद ए या ऐ आए तो ‘ऐ’ और ओ और औ आए तो औ हो जाता हो।

अन्य विकल्प-

• मातृ + इच्छा = मात्रिच्छा - यण स्वर संधि
• लघु + उत्तर = लघूत्तर - दीर्घ स्वर संधि
• सु + समा = सुषमा - व्यंजन स्वर संधि

Additional Information

'बढ़ा चढ़ाकर बात करना' वाक्यांश के लिए उचित मुहावरा “नमक मिर्च लगाना” होगा।

नमक मिर्च लगाना का वाक्य प्रयोग-

तुमने उसे क्या कहा था और उसने तो पुरे गाव मे उसे नमक मिर्च लगाकर फैला दिया।

विकल्प 1, ‘निशापति - दिवाकर’ यह युग्म सही नहीं है।

Key Points

• "निशापति - दिवाकर" यह युग्म समानार्थी शब्दों को नहीं दर्शाता।
• निशापति का अर्थ -
  • चंद्रमा; राकेश।
• दिवाकर का अर्थ -
  • दिनकर, सूर्य।
• अन्य सभी विकल्प सही सुमेलित हैं। वे सभी चन्द्रमा के समानार्थी शब्द हैं।

Additional Information

• समानार्थी का अर्थ होता हैं (समान+अर्थ) अर्थात किसी शब्द का समान अर्थ वाले दूसरे शब्द या उसी के सामान कोई दूसरा नाम (वस्तु)। सामान्यत: हिन्दी में एक ही वस्तु के अनेक समान अर्थ वाले शब्द है।
• जब किसी बात (विचार), वस्तु या भाव का केवल अर्थ बताना हो और उसके अर्थ को बताने के लिए जिस शब्द का प्रयोग करें, वह शब्द समानार्थी शब्द कहलाएगा। जबकि किसी एक ही बात (विचार), वस्तु, भाव को किन-किन नामों से या किन किन शब्दों से जाना जाता है यह पूछा जाए तो बताने के लिए प्रयुक्त शब्दों के समूह में सभी पर्यायवाची होंगे।
  • जैसे:-, 'अश्व' का समानार्थी 'घोड़ा' होगा। इसके विपरीत यदि यहाँ यह कहा जाये कि अश्व को और किन-किन शब्दों से संबोधित किया जाता है तब उत्तर में घोटक, बाजी, हय, तुरंग, दधिका, सैंधव, घोड़ा, रविपुत्र, सर्ता आदि बताए जायेंगे और ये सभी शब्द 'अश्व' के पर्यायवाची होंगे।

कलेजे पर पत्थर रखना- जी कड़ा करना

वाक्य प्रयोग- कलेजे पर पत्थर रखकर माँ बाप बेटी को विदा करते हैं।

The correct answer is "One who takes an opposing position for the sake of argument."
Key Points

• "Devil's advocate" is an idiom that refers to someone who takes a contrary position in order to stimulate discussion or test the strength of an argument. (कोई व्यक्ति जो चर्चा को प्रोत्साहित करने या किसी तर्क की ताकत का परीक्षण करने के लिए विपरीत रुख अपनाता है)
  • Example: I don't really believe all that - I was just playing devil's advocate.
• The term comes from the Catholic Church, where a person would argue against the canonization of a saint to ensure that all possible objections had been considered.
• The Devil's advocate is not necessarily arguing for their own beliefs, but rather playing a role to challenge others and promote critical thinking.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

भाववाचक संज्ञा- जिस संज्ञा शब्द से पदार्थों की अवस्था, गुण-दोष, धर्म आदि का बोध हो उसे भाववाचक संज्ञा कहते हैं. जैसे – मिठास, खटास, धर्म, थकावट, जवानी, मोटापा, मित्रता, सुन्दरता, बचपन, परायापन, अपनापन, बुढ़ापा, प्यास, भूख, मानवता, मुस्कुराहट, नीचता, क्रोध, चढाई, उचाई, चोरी आदि।

The correct answer is: 'a little of'.

Key Points

• 'A little' is means not much. It is used in affirmative sense.
  • Ex. I enjoy a little sugar in my coffee.
• The context of the sentence tells us that the person ate only a small amount of the soup because it was very spicy.
• So, 'a little of' is the most suitable to fill in the blank.
• Here, preposition 'of' will be used as it is followed by an object.

Hence, the correct sentence is: The soup was very spicy so I only ate a little of it.Additional Information

• 'Little' means not much. It is used in negative sense.
  • Ex. I have got little money left in my wallet.
• 'The little' means not much but all.
  • Ex. The little she did for me was very helpful.

The correct answer is 'after'.

Key Points

• After means in the time following (an event or another period of time).(के बाद)
  • ​For example: After I left him a message, he phoned me immediately.
• While means a period of time.(समय की अवधि)
• Behind means at or to the far side of (something), typically so as to be hidden by it.(के पीछे)
• Always means at all times; on all occasions.(हर समय; सभी अवसरों पर).
• In the given sentence, we are talking about some people who reached the sea beach after a period of walking i.e for more than one hour.
• By referring to the above explanation, it can be concluded that after is the appropriate option to be chosen for filling the blank.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence is: We reached the beach after walking for more than one hour.

'देखा गया हो' - क्रिया के संभाव्य वर्तमान पक्ष का उदाहरण है।

The correct sentence is: My teacher said to me, "If you don't work very hard, you may fail the end-term exam."Key Points

• There are a few rules to remember when changing a sentence from indirect to direct speech.
  • ​​When the reporting verb is in the past tense in indirect speech, the tense of the sentence in direct speech will change.
  • The given sentence is in the future conditional tense in the indirect speech so it will change to the present conditional tense in direct speech.
  • We use modal verbs to express emotions such as permission, possibility, and certainty in a sentence.
  • The modal verb 'might' in indirect speech changes to 'may' in the direct speech of the given sentence.
  • Also, 'didn't work very hard' should be changed into 'don't work very hard'.
  • The first person pronoun "I" in indirect speech changes to the second pronoun person "you" in the direct speech of the given sentence.

The correct sentence is: My teacher said to me, "If you don't work very hard you may fail the end-term exam."

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

1st term = 1
2nd term = 1 + 5 = 6
3rd term = 6 + (5+4) = 6 + 9 = 15
4th term = 15 + (9+4) = 15 + 13 = 28
5th term = 28 + (13+4) = 28 + 17 = 45
6th term = 45 + (17+4) = 45 + 21 = 66
7th term = 66 + (21+4) = 66 + 25 = 91

Thus, the missing number is 4th term= 15 + (9+4) = 15+13 = 28

As, 68 = (4)³ + 4

    130 = (5)³ + 5

and 350 = (7)³ + 7

Therefore, ? = (6)³ + 6 = 222

From the common explanation, we get the position of G is 3rd to the right of C.

Hence, Option B is correct.

Common Explanation:

References:

One person sits between A and C, who sits second to the right of H.

G sits opposite to B.

Both G and B do not sit immediate left of H.

Inferences:

From the above reference, we get two different cases:

References:

D sits second to the left of B.

A doesn’t sit beside D.

E doesn’t face C.

Inferences:

From the above reference, case 1 will be eliminated because A doesn’t sit beside of D.

So, the final arrangement:

Option 2 is correct.

• Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most serious air pollutants, highly poisonous to living beings because of its ability to block the delivery of oxygen to the organs and tissues.
• It binds to haemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which is about 300 times more stable than the oxygen-haemoglobin complex.
• In blood, when the concentration of carboxyhemoglobin reaches about 3–4 per cent, the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is greatly reduced.
• This oxygen deficiency results in headache, weak eyesight, nervousness and cardiovascular disorder.

The correct answer is Maharaja Ranjit Singh.

Key Points

• Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1799 established his capital in Lahore.
• He was the founder and Maharaja of the Sikh kingdom in Punjab.
• He is also known as the Lion of Punjab.
• His kingdom extended from Khyber pass in the northwest and in the east towards the Sutlej River.
• The Thar Desert in the south and Kashmir region in the north were also included in his kingdom.
• He had not believed in religious bigotry.
• Maharaja Ranjit Singh was not educated and was blind with one eye.

Hydrological Cycle

• The process of circulation of water within the hydrosphere of Earth in different forms such as liquid, solid and gaseous states are called the Hydrological Cycle of water.
• It starts with the Evaporation of water from the surface of the water bodies and further, it includes Transpiration, Sublimation, Condensation and Precipitation.

Key Points

'Hydrological cycle' steps

• The first step of the water cycle is evaporation from water bodies means the part of the Hydrosphere.
• The second step of the water cycle is condensation, which takes place in the atmosphere.
• The third step of the water cycle is precipitation and runoff means the part of the lithosphere.
• The final step of the water cycle is in the Biosphere. 
• It is the zone where all the spheres interact and work together.
• It includes processes like water uptake and transpiration by plants.

​

Thus, in the 'Hydrological cycle' the order of the source in which they connected from each other is first Hydrosphere, second Atmosphere, third Lithosphere and fourth Biosphere.

Additional Information

Processes during a hydrological cycle:

​​Evaporation

• When waters convert from liquid to gas stage as it moves from the groundwater into the atmosphere, this phenomenon is called Evaporation.
• Mainly Solar radiation is the source of energy for evaporation. 

Transpiration

• When plant uptake of water at the roots, transport of water through plant tissues, and release of vapour by leaves is known as transpiration.

Condensation

• The Process of conversion of water vapour to liquid water droplets in the air is called Condensation.
• It is responsible for the formation of fog and clouds.

​Precipitation

• When the condensed water vapour falling to the surface of the Earth is known as Precipitation.
• It occurs in the form of rain, snow, and hail.
• It provides for the delivery of atmospheric water to the earth in the form of rain.

The correct answer is Sutlej.

Key Points

• The Sutlej river originates from Lake Langa with an elevation above 15000 feet located at the southwestern Tibet.

Additional InformationSatluj River:

• The Satluj rises from the Manasarovar-Rakas Lakes in western Tibet at a height of 4,570 m within 80 km of the source of the Indus.
• Like the Indus, it takes a north-westerly course upto the Shipki La on the Tibet-Himachal Pradesh boundary.
• It cuts deep gorges where it pierces the Great Himalaya and the other Himalayan ranges.
• Before entering the Punjab plain, it cuts a gorge in Naina Devi Dhar, where the famous Bhakra dam has been constructed.
• After entering the plain at Rupnagar (Ropar), it turns westwards and is joined by the Beas at Harike.

Beas River:

• The Beas originates near the Rohtang Pass, at a height of 4,062 m above sea level, on the southern end of the Pir Panjal Range, close to the source of the Ravi.
• It crosses the Dhaola Dhar range and it takes a south-westerly direction and meets the Satluj river at Harike in Punjab.
• It is a comparatively small river which is only 460 km long but lies entirely within the Indian territory.

Jhelum River

• The Jhelum has its source in a spring at Verinag in the south-eastern part of the Kashmir Valley.
• It flows northwards into Wular Lake (north-western part of Kashmir Valley).
• From Wular Lake, it changes its course southwards. At Baramulla the river enters a gorge in the hills.
• The river forms steep-sided narrow gorge through Pir Panjal Range below Baramula.
• At Muzaffarabad, the river takes a sharp hairpin bend southward.

Ravi River:

• The Ravi has its source in Kullu hills near the Rohtang Pass in Himachal Pradesh.
• It drains the area between the Pir Panjal and the Dhaola Dhar ranges.
• After crossing Chamba, it takes a south-westerly turn and cuts a deep gorge in the Dhaola Dhar range.
• It enters Punjab Plains near Madhopur and later enters Pakistan below Amritsar.
• It debouches into the Chenab a little above Rangpur in Pakistani Punjab.

The correct answer is A and R both are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Key Points

Trees as a shelter for animals:

• Trees provide shelter and food for a variety of birds and small animals, such as squirrels and beavers.
• Enhancing growth diversity, trees create an environment that allows the growth of plants that otherwise would not be there.
• Flowers, fruits, leaves, buds, and woody parts of trees are used by many different species.
• Deforestation can directly lead to biodiversity loss when animal species that live in the trees no longer have their habitat, cannot relocate, and therefore become extinct. 

Deforestation can lead certain tree species to permanently disappear, which affects the biodiversity of plant species in an environment.

Hence, the reason is also correct.

Important Points

Human activities that influence the extinction and endangerment of wild species fall into a number of categories:

• ​Land use practices like Deforestation, Projects in urban and suburban development, agriculture, and water management projects that encroach upon and destroy natural habitats.
• Unsustainable hunting and harvesting result in higher rates of death than new individual recruitment.
• Ecological damage caused by water, air, and soil pollution.
• Anthropogenic (human-caused) global climate change.
• ​According to the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2019, The forest and tree cover in the country is estimated at 80.73 million hectares, which is 24.56 percent of the total geographical area.​

Additional Information

The International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN):

• For the purposes of conservation, the IUCN has divided the threatened plant and animal species into 9 categories.
• Endangered Species: It includes those species which are in danger of extinction. The IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species provides information about endangered species around the world.
• Vulnerable Species: This includes the species which are likely to be in danger of extinction in the near future if the factors threatening their extinction continue.
• Rare Species: The population of these species is very small in the world; they are confined to limited areas or thinly scattered over a wider area.

• The heat is transferred in form of conduction, convection, and radiation. 
• Radiation is the mode of heat transfer that does not require a medium. It happens through infrared radiation. 
• The infrared radiations are electromagnetic waves having a frequency less than the visible spectrum. 
• The infrared radiation is emitted from every hot body. 
• Earth is heated by infrared radiations of the sun. The radiations are reflected back by the earth which is captured by greenhouse gases. 
• The greenhouse gases absorbers some amount of heat and keeps the earth warm. 

Thus, infrared radiation is trapped on the earth’s surface by the greenhouse effect.

Additional Information

• The major Greenhouse gas is Carbon dioxide followed by methane, water vapor, and nitrous oxide.  
• UV rays have a frequency higher than violet and they help in the formation of Ozone. 
• The wavelength of different electromagnetic waves are given in the below diagram. 

Concept-

The World Health Organization (WHO) has categorized biomedical waste into eight categories. They are:

• Infectious Waste – Any biomedical waste that is infectious or contaminated.
• Sharps – Sharps objects like needles, scalpels, broken glass, and razors.
• Pathological Waste – Body parts of humans or animals, including tissues, fluids, or blood.
• Pharmaceutical Waste – Unused drugs, medicine, or creams that are expiring.
• Genotoxic Waste – Toxic drugs and hazardous toxic waste
• Radioactive Waste – Any waste containing potentially radioactive materials
• Chemical Waste – Liquid waste from machines, batteries, and disinfectants is chemical.
• General/Other Waste – All other non-hazardous waste.

The Security Council is the primary authority for maintaining international peace and security within the UN.

Material consisting of text and numbers is best represented as a table slide.
Explanation:

Table Slide:

- A table slide is a type of presentation slide that is specifically designed to display information in a tabular format.
- It is ideal for presenting material that consists of text and numbers, such as data, statistics, or comparisons.
- Tables allow for clear and organized representation of information, making it easier for the audience to understand and interpret.
- Columns and rows can be used to categorize and structure the data, providing a visual hierarchy.
- Tables can also be formatted to include additional features such as color-coding, highlighting, or data sorting.

Bullet Slide:

- A bullet slide is a presentation slide that typically uses bullet points to list and emphasize key information.
- While bullet slides can be effective for presenting concise text or ideas, they may not be the best choice for displaying extensive textual or numerical content.
- Bullet points are usually used for brief summaries, key points, or to highlight important information.

Title Slide:

- A title slide is the opening slide of a presentation that typically includes the title, subtitle, and presenter's name.
- It is used to introduce the topic and set the tone for the presentation.
- While a title slide can be useful for providing an overview or introduction, it is not suitable for presenting detailed text and numbers.
Conclusion:
- When it comes to representing material consisting of text and numbers, a table slide is the most appropriate choice.
- It allows for clear organization and presentation of data, making it easier for the audience to understand and interpret the information.

The correct answer is Fire fox.

Key Points

• An Operating System
  •   It is software that acts as an interface between computer hardware components and the user.
  • Every computer system must have at least one operating system to run other programs. Applications like Browsers, MS Office, Notepad Games, etc., need some environment to run and perform their tasks.

• The OS helps you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's language. The user can't use any computer or mobile device without having an operating system.   

Additional Information

• Symbian
  • It is a discontinued mobile operating system and computing platform designed for smartphones.
  • Symbian was originally developed as a proprietary software OS for PDAs in 1998 by the Symbian Ltd. consortium.
• Android
  • It is a mobile operating system based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open-source software, designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
• Firefox
  • It is a Browser also known as Mozilla Firefox or simply Firefox is a free and open-source web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation.
  • Firefox uses the Gecko layout engine to render web pages, which implements current and anticipated web standards.
• iOS 
  • This is the world's most advanced mobile operating system.

The correct answer is Monitor.

Key Points

• Softcopy output is an output that is not produced on paper or some materials which can not be touched or carried for being shown to others.
• They are temporary in nature and vanish after use.
• Output display by a monitor is a softcopy output. 
  • Monitors are the most popular output devices used today for producing a soft copy output.
• The monitor is often called a visual display unit or visual display terminal. The two basic types of monitors used today are CRT and flat panel.​

​

Additional Information

• Daisy wheel printing
  • It is an impact printing technology invented in 1970 by Dr. Andrew Gabor at Diablo Data Systems.
  • It uses interchangeable pre-formed type elements, each with typically 96 glyphs, to generate high-quality output comparable to premium typewriters such as the IBM Selectric, but two to three times faster.​

• Plotter
  • It produces vector graphics drawings.
  • Plotters draw lines on paper using a pen, or in some applications, use a knife to cut a material like vinyl or leather. In the latter case, they are sometimes known as cutting plotters.​

• Laser printer
  • It is a type of printer that makes use of a laser beam to produce an image on the drum or you can say that it is a printer that makes use of a focused beam of light to transfer text and images onto paper.
  • It was first developed by Gary Starkweather at Xerox PARC in 1971. Laser printer makes use of laser technology for the printing of copies onto the paper.

Hardware that calculates CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check) uses:

The hardware that calculates CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) uses the following components:

Shift Register:

• One of the primary components used in CRC calculation hardware is the shift register.


• A shift register is a digital circuit that can shift its stored bits either to the left or right, based on clock pulses.


• It is used to perform the polynomial division required in CRC calculations.

XOR Unit:

• Another important component used in CRC calculation hardware is the XOR (Exclusive OR) unit.


• The XOR unit performs the XOR operation on the input data and the feedback data in each stage of the shift register.


• This operation is necessary to generate the remainder bits in the CRC calculation process.

Both (a) and (b):

• The hardware used for CRC calculation combines the shift register and XOR unit to perform the required polynomial division and generate the CRC remainder bits.


• Both the shift register and XOR unit work together to calculate the CRC value.


• Hence, the correct answer is option C: Both (a) and (b).

Instruction Register:

• The instruction register is not directly involved in the CRC calculation process.


• It is a component used in a processor to hold the current instruction being executed.


• It is not related to the hardware used specifically for CRC calculation.

In conclusion, the hardware that calculates CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) uses a shift register and XOR unit in combination to perform the necessary polynomial division and generate the CRC remainder bits. The correct answer is option C: Both (a) and (b).

Number of Hosts That Can Successfully Send Data Simultaneously on Ethernet
There are certain limitations to the number of hosts that can successfully send data simultaneously on Ethernet. The answer to this question is:
Answer: B. 2
Explanation:
Ethernet is a widely used technology for local area networks (LANs) and it uses a shared medium for communication. The number of hosts that can send data simultaneously on Ethernet is limited due to the following reasons:
1. Collision Domain: In Ethernet, all devices connected to the same network segment share the same collision domain. A collision occurs when two or more devices transmit data at the same time, resulting in data corruption. To avoid collisions, Ethernet uses a carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) mechanism. This means that only one device can successfully transmit data at a time, while others must wait for their turn.
2. Half-Duplex Mode: Ethernet operates in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode. In half-duplex mode, a device can either transmit or receive data at a given time, but not both simultaneously. Therefore, only two hosts can communicate at the same time - one sending and the other receiving.
3. Bandwidth Sharing: Ethernet shares the available bandwidth among all the connected devices. If multiple hosts try to transmit data simultaneously, the available bandwidth gets divided, resulting in lower throughput for each host. To ensure efficient data transmission, it is recommended to limit the number of hosts sending data simultaneously.
In summary, due to the collision domain, half-duplex mode, and bandwidth sharing, Ethernet allows only two hosts to successfully send data simultaneously.

The correct answer is Control Unit.

• A synchronization signal is a specific signal used in various communication and electronics systems to ensure different parts of a system or multiple systems work together coherently and with proper timing.
• The primary purpose of synchronization signals is to establish a common reference time or clock for all the components involved.
• Synchronization signals can come in various forms, depending on the type of system they are used in.

• A control unit or CU is circuitry that directs operations within a computer's processor. ..
• Examples of devices that utilize control units include CPUs and GPUs. A control unit works by receiving input information that it converts into control signals, which are then sent to the central processor.
• A memory unit is the amount of data that the memory can hold. Besides, we measure this storage capacity in terms of bytes. Moreover, there are different units of memory as per the requirement.