Bihar B.Ed CET Mock Test - 3 - Bihar PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

The sentence "I saw him leaving the house" is in the active voice.

The correct option that expresses the same sentence in the passive voice is:

A. He was seen leaving the house by me.

In the sentence, the first blank implies that the topic is in fashion (‘an apocalyptic future’, which is in demand for movie industry) and the most efficient word to describe a fashionable item from the given words is 'trending' which means 'currently popular', thus makes the answer, eliminating all other options.

Also, the second blank suggests that it is ‘adapted’ in "movies as well”. The right word is 'depcited' which means 'to represent', which is what is done with the ‘topic’.

Inclining (Verb): willing to do something.
Used (Adjective): having already been used.
Leaning (Verb): knowledge acquired through study.
Optimized (Verb): make the best.
Turning (Noun): a place where a road branches off from another.
Commoditised (Verb): treat as commodity.
Trending (Adjective): currently popular.
Depicted (Verb): to represent by or as if by a picture
Gravitating (Verb): move towards.
Shared (Adjective): distributed between members of a group.

So, the correct option is D.

‘ढीठ’ पर्यावाची शब्द का अर्थ अविनीत है।

ढीठ का पर्यायवाची धृष्ट, उद्दंड, दुस्साहसी हैं।

Given Statement: P < Q < R < S = T

Conclusion:

I. Q < T → True (As, Q < R < S = T → Thus, it is clear that Q < T. So, the conclusion is true)

II. P > S → False (As, P < Q < R < S → Thus, it is clear that P < S. So, the conclusion is false)

III. R = T → False (As, R < S = T → Thus, it is clear that R < T. So, the conclusion is false)

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion I follows".

From the diagram given below:

The shaded part represents the persons who speak only two languages.

26 + 51 + 17

= 94 

Hence, the correct answer is "94".

A Priest wears cassock (a full-length garment worn by certain Christian clergy, members of church choirs, and others having an office or role in a church.) while Graduate wears gown.

Given:

Length of rectangle = 3/5 of radius of circle

Radius of circle = Side of square with area 6400 m2

Breadth of rectangle = 15 m 

Formulas used:

Area of square = (Side)²

Perimeter of rectangle = 2(Length + Breadth) 

Calculation:

Area of square = 6400 m2

⇒ Side² = 6400 

⇒ Side = √6400 = 80 m 

Radius of cirlce = Side of square = 80 m 

⇒ Length of rectangle = 3/5 × 80 = 48 m 

∴ Perimeter of the rectangle = 2(48 + 15) m 

⇒ 126 m 

P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, and Z are sitting around a circle facing at the centre not necessarily in this same order.

i) T is second to the right of R who is third to the right of P.

Mistake Points

Who is used for the second person in a connecting statement.

For example: 

T is second to the right of R who is third to the right of P.

Here, who is used for R and not for T.

ii) S is second to the left of P and fourth to the right of Q.

iii) V who is not an immediate neighbour of P. (This means V cannot sit immediate left or right of P).

iv) Z is third to the right of V 

Thus we can see R is second to the right of W

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The correct option is Option B.

Japan is an island country in East Asia located in the northwest Pacific Ocean. It is bordered by the Sea of Japan to the west and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south.

New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (Te Waipounamu)—and around 600 smaller islands, covering a total area of 268,021 square kilometres (103,500 sq mi). New Zealand is about 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of the islands of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. 

Known as Ceylon until 1972, Sri Lanka is an independent island nation located in the Indian Ocean just southeast of the tip of the Indian subcontinent.

The Indian subcontinent is a peninsula, the only land feature in the world widely recognized as a subcontinent in the English language

Hence, option A is correct.

The RBI’s “Finances of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)” report analyzes data from 2.58 lakh Panchayats for 2020-21 to 2022-23, highlighting key findings. Panchayats heavily rely on grants (95%) due to limited own revenue sources like property taxes. Inter-state variations in devolution impact socio-economic outcomes. Inconsistent data poses challenges in assessing fiscal health. PRIs struggle with local tax revenue generation due to a limited tax base, administrative issues, and unclear guidelines. Revenue sources include Central and State government grants, and PRIs have the authority to impose taxes and fees.

The correct answer is All of the above.

• Air pollutants are mainly classified as primary and secondary.
• The pollutants which emit directly into the atmosphere and remain in the same chemical form are known as primary pollutants.
• The pollutants which undergo chemical changes in the atmosphere due to the reaction of two or more pollutants are known as secondary pollutants.
• Pollutants like sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulates fall under the category of primary pollutants.

Additional Information

Utility can be measured cardinally according to Marshall, but according to Hicks (ordinal approach) we can rank our preferences so utility is not always measurable cardinally.

• Murugan: The chief deity of the Sangam age was Murugan, also known as Kartikeya or Skanda. He is a popular Hindu god, particularly worshipped in South India.


• Siva: While Siva is also a prominent deity in Hinduism, during the Sangam age, Murugan held the position of the chief deity.


• Indra: Indra is a deity in Hindu mythology, known as the king of gods. However, he was not considered the chief deity during the Sangam age.


• Vishnu: Vishnu is another important deity in Hinduism, known as the preserver of the universe. However, he was also not the chief deity during the Sangam age.

The Correct Answer  is A: 1 Only

Explanation for the Correct Answer:
The Bhimbetka rock shelters are an archaeological site in central India that spans the prehistoric Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods, as well as the historic period. It exhibits the earliest traces of human life on the Indian subcontinent and evidence of Stone Age habitation starting at the site in Acheulian times.
1. Evidence of Use of Tools and Implements:

• Bhimbetka caves indeed demonstrate the continuity of human evolution from the Lower Paleolithic period to the Mesolithic period to the Chalcolithic period. This is primarily because these caves contain a rich collection of archaeological findings.
• The site has yielded tools and implements from all these periods, providing concrete evidence of human evolution and progress in tool-making techniques and survival strategies.
• The artifacts found here include tools from the Old Stone Age (Lower Palaeolithic), tools from the Middle Stone Age (Mesolithic), as well as tools from the New Stone Age (Chalcolithic).
• This shows a clear progression and continuity of human activities and evolution over a long period of time, which is why statement 1 is correct.

2. Presence of Shankhalipi Inscriptions:

• While the Bhimbetka caves do contain ancient inscriptions, the presence of "Shankhalipi" inscriptions specifically is not a significant factor in demonstrating the continuity of human evolution from the Lower Paleolithic period to the Mesolithic period to the Chalcolithic period.
• Shankhalipi, also known as shell-script, is a unique and lesser-known script found in India, and it is not associated with the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, or Chalcolithic periods.
• Therefore, the presence of Shankhalipi inscriptions in the Bhimbetka caves does not directly support the evidence of continuity of human evolution over these periods. This is why statement 2 is not correct.

So, the correct answer to the question is option A: 1 only.

Shivaji reached Agra on June 11, 1666, accompanied by his son and a small force. When he reached the Mughal durbar, Aurangzeb ignored him. He was made to stand in courtiers' row and this angered Shivaji and when he made his move he realised he was under house arrest.

• The Dohan river originates from the Aravalli Range.
• It is a rain-fed river that originates at Mandholi village, Rajasthan.
• The Aravalli Range is also the oldest mountain range in the world.
• Banas, Luni, and Sabarmati are the rivers that flow through this range.

A fundamental principle of democracy is that each adult citizen should have one vote, and each vote should have equal value.

Seating Arrangement

• Generally, during teaching-learning in a mono-grade classroom situation, the teacher makes different types/patterns of seating arrangements for students in order to facilitate the conduct of group work, self-study, and other learning activities.
• The nature and type of seating arrangement in the mono-grade situation may vary depending on the need for different learning activities.

Key PointsAdvantages of changing seats of students in the classroom -

• helps in developing social skills such as working in cooperation with others,
• taking collective decisions,
• developing emotional bonding,
• accepting and sharing others’ ideas and views,
• respecting and assuming leadership roles etc.

Hence, option a is the correct answer.

Principles of development define the basic process of human development. It will assess the role and importance of growth processes and levels and the principles of growth and behavior in the total life span. 

Key Points 
Importance of Understanding Principle of Development: It is necessary for the teachers to understand the need and importance to study them. 

• Knowledge of the development patterns for different age groups helps us to know what to expect of a child and when to expect it. We may often expect too much from a child too early. Your own experience in teaching will help you to understand this fact. For example- you know that trying to teach algebra to a III standard child will be a hostile exercise The concepts are too complicated for the child to comprehend.
• It helps parents and teachers to give timely guidance to children as they grow from one stage to the other. when a child is showing an increased curiosity in things around them, parents/teachers can facilitate this development by providing more opportunities. For example, answering the child's questions, giving suitable books to browse questions, daily book reading practice, etc. 
• It helps the teachers effectively cater to the different learning styles and diverse needs of learners.
• Normal development pattern makes it possible for parents and teachers to prepare children ahead of time for changes that will take place in their bodies, their interests or their behavior. For example, children can be prepared for what will be expected from them when they enter school. Similarly, older children call to be explained the reasons for physiological changes during puberty. 

Hence, we can conclude that Understanding the principles of the development of a child helps a teacher in effectively catering to the different learning styles of learners.

The development of child takes place through various place. Although each stage has an encompassing relationship to other stages, yet its has own unique characteristic needs and demands.

Key Points

Prenatal Period:

• The period from the day of conception to the birth of the baby.
• Life begins with the formation of zygote.
• The fertilized egg begins to divide within an hour or two after conception, into two cells.
• Ten hours later these two cells divide to make four cells, then four to make eight cells, then sixteen cells and so on.
• The cells continue to divide till eight weeks after conception ad this period is called Embryonic period.
• This is followed by fetal period of development which is from about 8 weeks when the embryo becomes a recognizable human beings, to the time of birth.
• The proper development of fetus depends upon many factors, such as health of mother, use of drugs and alcohol, smoking, nutritional status of mother, stress and emotional factors.

Hence, we can conclude that the period from the day of conception to the birth of the baby.

Additional Information

• Stages of Child Development:
  • Prenatal Period
    • Embryonic period: Conception to eight weeks
    • Period of fetus: 8 weeks to birth
  • Infancy period
    • Neonatal period: Birth to 15 days
    • Infancy period: 15 days to 2 years
  • Early Childhood (Preschool years): 2 to 5-6 years 
  • Middle Childhood (School age): 5-6 to 12 years
  • Adolescence
    • Puberty: 12 to 14 years
    • Adolescence: 14 to 18 years
  • Adulthood:
    • Early adulthood: 18 to 35/40 years
    • Middle adulthood: 40 to 60 years
    • Late adulthood: Early 60 and above

National Education Policy 2020 is the first education policy of the 21st century and aims to address the many growing developmental imperatives of our country. This policy replaced the 34-year-old National Policy on Education (NPE), in 1986.

Key Points

•  National Education Policy 2020 lays emphasis on conceptual understanding and improving educational outcomes so that children can implement the acquired knowledge and skills in real-life.
• It suggests that assessment is important to find out a child's progress over a certain period of time. 
• Emphasizes on transforming assessment for optimizing learning and development of all students.
• NEP aims to provide a holistic report on student’s progress and learning.
• It should be able to depict the actual level of knowledge and performance of each student.

Thus, it is concluded that National Education Policy 2020 suggests that assessment is important to find out a child's progress over a certain period of time.

The term communication in Latin ‘communis’, means ‘to share’. It is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information through speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behavior.

Types of Communication:  

1. Verbal Communication:

• Verbal communication is the use of language to pass on information by speaking or writing formally.
• For example,  written instructions on a question paper, attending an online class and yoga instructor teaching yoga poses, etc.
• Verbal means the use of words in the communication process and in the design and formulation of messages.
• In oral communication, spoken words are used. 
• It is formal and precise because it often works in corporate, educational institutions, government organizations, etc.

Important Points

2. Non-Verbal Communication:

• It is understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages. 
• It includes the use of visual cues such as body language (kinesics), distance (proxemics) and physical environments/appearance, of voice (paralanguage), and of touch (haptics).
• It involves the usage of gestures, touch, body language, postures, facial expressions, eye contact, or any actions depicting the universal meaning of such actions commonly understood.
• scholars argue that nonverbal communication can convey more meaning than verbal communication.
• It is informal because does not follow authority lines as in the case of formal communication. 
• Paralanguage is a non-verbal element that is found even in a speech which includes voice modulation, speaking style, rhythm, handwriting style, emotions, the spatial arrangement of words also comes under the ambit of nonverbal communication.
• Special symbols or infographic representing an ascertained message is also a medium of nonverbal communication.

Therefore The picture without dialogues is an example of Nonverbal communication because there are no words.

Additional Information

Interpersonal Communication:

• It is direct face-to-face communication between two people.
• It is personal, direct, and intimate, allowing for maximum interaction and exchange in word and gesture.
• It requires certain skills to interact effectively with others such as the knowledge of social norms, etiquette, willingness to listen, and respect for one another, willingness to share about oneself, etc.
• For example, talking to your friends or family, teacher and student interaction, etc.

IT and ICTs are very often interchangeably used in the context of modern technology infrastructure. ICT is a broad and comprehensive term, which comprises information technology and communication technology. Information technology includes radio, television, computer and internet, teleconferencing and mobile technology.

Key Points

• All these information technologies have mainly two types of communication technologies.
  • Satellite based communication and
  • Terrestrial based communication.
• Satellite based communication is the communication, which takes place between sender and receiver through a communication satellite whereas terrestrial based communication is the communication, which takes place through a network of transmitters spread across a geographical area, a country, or a state.
• This type of communication is used in the transmission of radio and television in India.
• However, with the launch of a series of satellites by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), satellite based communication is being used for telecommunication.

Important Points

• Communicating information effectively by making use of appropriate technology is called information and communication technology (ICT).
• In all, ICT is an umbrella term that includes many communication devices such as radio, television, cellular phones, computers and network, satellite systems and so on.
• ICTs are defined, as a “diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and manage information.

Mental growth and development imply changes in the mental process taking place from birth to death. The overall development of abilities in children such as memory, reasoning, language, thinking, intelligence, etc is called mental development.

Mental growth and development is controlled by:

1. Heredity: An individual’s mental development takes place as a result of interaction between the individual’s personal experience with inherited intelligence from family.
2. Environment: The kind of healthy interactions among the family members as well as the habits exhibited by the parents of an individual plays an equally important role in optimal mental development.
3. Socio-economic status: The financial status of a family has an impact on the kind of school the child will be enrolled to and the access to various educational resources.
4. Physical growth: Growth and development goes hand in hand. An individual having sound physical health is more likely to have sound mental development as well.
5. School environment:  Effective methods of teaching, efficient learning materials, teacher’s overall attitude also plays a role in the mental development of a child.
6. Physical environment: Physical factors such as proper light, adequate space, fresh air has its effect on intellectual development.

Important Points

• Heredity: It refers to the traits that pass down from the parents to their offspring. It is the most important personality and intelligence determinant.
• Environment: It refers to the circumstances in which an individual lives. Child's immediate environment strongly influenced their personality and intelligence.

Hence, it could be concluded that mental growth and development is controlled by heredity and environment factor.

Achievement tests are universally used in the classroom to measure whether students possess the pre-requisite skills needed to succeed in any unit or whether the students have achieved the objective of the planned instruction.

• They monitor the students learning and identify learning difficulties among students.

Key Points There are several characteristics involved in the construction of Achievement Tests - 

• Reliability - A test is reliable if it gives consistent results of measurement on its administration on different occasions. Pupils should score similar scores if the test is repeated. Its administration maybe after some gap of time and the condition is that pupils do not receive any further training on related test content.
• Validity- A test is said to be valid if it measures what it is supposed to measure.
• Objectivity- It is the absence of biasness from a test. An objective has only one correct answer to a particular question.
• Usability - It refers to practicability - ease and economic in terms of energy, time, and money. It means a test should be easy to construct, easy in administrating, easy in scoring, easy in interpreting, and economic in terms of money and time.

Hence, evaluation is not a characteristic of the construction of tests.

Hint

•  Evaluation: Evaluation is a systematic way to assess learners’ abilities, analyze performance, provide appropriate feedback to each learner, and help them to progress. High-quality evaluation is required in teaching for successful learning. Evaluation needs to be integrated with the process of teaching and learning.

Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, has made a systematic study of cognitive development in his theory that is categorized in four stages. 

• He observed his children and their process of making sense of the world around them and developed a model of how the mind processes new information encountered.

Key Points

Concrete Operational Stage: 

• The 'Concrete Operational Stage' lasts around 7 to 11/12 years of age which refers to the late childhood stage of child development.

• In this stage, children become more logical in concrete things but lack abstract ideas.
• Children can classify objects into groups and subgroups and gain the ability of conservation of numbers, area, and volume.
• Children show attainment of the concept of reversibility, seriation, and transitivity as a cognitive capacity.
• Reversibility is the understanding that a child develops to know that things that have been changed can be returned to their original state.

Hence, it could be concluded that according to Piaget at the concrete operational stage, a child becomes more logical in concrete things, but lacks abstract ideas.

Important Points 

Piaget’s Four Stages of Cognitive Development:

It has been proved by research that there is a positive connection between parent’s involvement and student success. Effectively engaging parents and families in the education of their children has the potential to be far more transformational than any other type of education reform.

Key Points

•  Parent involvement is considered to be one of the most important educational goals. 
• Every school should promote partnerships that will increase parental involvement and participation in promoting the social, emotional, and academic growth of children.
• School education professionals can help parents with their changing roles in all of the following ways:-
  • ​To provide expertise.
  • To provide advice.
  • To provide educational support.

​Thus, it is concluded that School education professionals can help parents with their changing roles in all of the following ways, except to provide food and medicines.